Semiconductors - Ukubekwa kunye nokubekwa

izixhobo digital abahlala indima ebalulekileyo elektroniki mihla. Devices nesebenza iitshiphusi ngoku sele lufikelele phantse zonke izicelo - izixhobo zikamasipala kunye mveliso, izinto zokudlala, ividiyo, nabazobuchwephesha radio-TV njalo njalo. Kodwa ke, kusekho imihlaba kunye nezinto analog ekhethekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, izixhobo semiconductor - ngoyena ndoqo chips mihla.

wenza njani izixhobo ezinjalo? Isiseko izixhobo ezifana iziyobisi semiconductor ezi semiconductors. Ngokutsho linezalo iimpawu zombane kunye neempawu ukuba oluphezulu phakathi insulators kunye nezinikezeli. Iimpawu zokwahlula ka - uxhomekeke ze conductivity kwi ubushushu okukufutshane, iimpawu kwimiphumo ionizing radiation nokukhanya, nengqwalaselo ukungcola. Semiconductors unamalunga kwinkqubo efanayo iimpawu.

Kwinkqubo udale i yangoku yombane nayiphi na into inxaxheba abathwali kwentlawulo mobile kuphela. Abathwali ngaphezulu intlawulo mobile nganye kwiyunithi umthamo iziyobisi, kokukhona Unikezelo lombane. Xa iintsimbi phantse yonke electron simahla, yaye oku kukhokhelela ekufuneni conductivity zazo eziphakamileyo. Xa semiconductors kunye dielectrics eendaba kakhulu ngaphantsi kum, aqokele resistivity.

components ezinjalo zombane ezifana semiconductors endibuthethileyo lobushushu uxhomekeko le resistivity. Ngenxa yokwanda ubushushu, oko ngokuqhelekileyo lifinyele.

Ngenxa yoko, izixhobo semiconductor - ezi zizixhobo elektroniki apho asebenza ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo ezithile izinto ekuthiwa semiconductors. Bayifumana isicelo kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, xa elektroniki kunye nezixhobo semiconductor nobunjineli zombane zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula iintlobo lwemiqondiso, rhoqo kwabo, awo, kunye nezinye iparameters. Xa izixhobo mandla asetyenziswa sokujika amandla.

izixhobo semiconductor nga zihlelwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, esaziwa iindlela yokuhlelwa ngokwimiselo amanyathelo, njengoko kuchaziwe yi uyilo, ubugcisa ukwenziwa amasimi kunye neendawo kwesicelo, yeendidi izinto.

Noko ke, zibizwa ngokuba kukho iiklasi core, eziziimpawu isixhobo semiconductor. Ezi ndidi ziquka:

- izixhobo Electroconversion ukuba yedwa iguqulelwa kweminye imilinganiselo;

- Optoelectronic, ukuguqulela ukukhanya kube yimitha yombane wekhadi;

- converters image eqinileyo-karhulumente;

- izixhobo thermoelectric aguqula amandla thermal ibe amandla ombane;

- magneto kunye kagesi izixhobo;

- piezoelectric kunye uhlobo.

A udidi olwahlukileyo izixhobo ezifana izixhobo semiconductor ingabizwa iziphaluka ehlanganisiweyo, ezo ngokuqhelekileyo ugalelwe, ngamanye iseti idibene iimpawu kwiphakati eyodwa.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izixhobo semiconductor ziveliswa yezindlu yodongwe okanye iplastiki, kodwa zikhona ezinye iindlela ze unpackaged.