Sara Bernar (Sarah Bernhardt): biography kunye nomsebenzi umdlali (Amafoto)

USara Bernar, ngumdlali kuyamangalisa, lo superstar wokuqala kwimbali, apho amashumi ezininzi eziquka amazwe kunye amazwekazi ehlabathini lonke, wazalelwa e-Paris ngo-Oktobha 22, 1844. Unina uSara, uJudith umYudakazi (ngokwe kweminye imithombo, uJudith), wakhulela kwintsapho Moritsa Baruha noSara Bernhardt Hirsch. Ke uyise umdlali edlala enkulu, ngoko ngokuthembekileyo ukulandelela igama layo kunye imvelaphi akwenzeki.

USara Bernar, ogama biography iqulethe amaphepha ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo, ukhule phantsi unonophelo governesses, ngenxa yokuba umama wakhe akazange abe wobugcisa, kwaza kwanyanzeleka ukuba khona oko kusenziwa ngokudlela indlala abantu abayithandayo azizityebi ngobuhle njengebhinqa. Ubomi ibhinqa elihle igcinwe, ngokuqhelekileyo ezinxulumene uhambo olude. Lo mfazi ayiyoyomtyali, njengoko isibophelelo ukuthobela imiqathango yesivumelwano mfihlakalo. Ngenxa yoko, uSara omncinane wahlala ukukhathalela nanny grubby waza wakhulela kusemnandi impumelelo isalamane, kodwa ngaphandle uthando lukamama.

ebuntwaneni ixhala

Yakuba le ntombazana wavelelwa yingozi. Omnye umongikazi akazange ubukele, uSara wasondela kakhulu kweziko evuthayo kunye ilokhwe emazisa. Ukubhomboloza abamelwane yomntwana weza, yaye yonke into ihamba, nangona intombazana wamoyika ukufa. UJudith, emva kokufunda ngesi siganeko, wagqiba kwelokuba ashiye intombi kwakhona. Ekubeni uSara wahlala nonina. Ngethamsanqa, ngelo xesha uJudith wabonakala admirer rhoqo, Count de Morny, ngubani umntu onyanisekileyo. Ayemthanda a courtesan, ngoko waqala ukuthatha inxaxheba bayahlelwa entombini yayo.

"Comedie Francaise"

Xa uSara wayeneminyaka eli-9 ubudala, yena wathunyelwa kwisikolo sabucala Grandshamp ekhethwayo. De Morny waqinisekisa ukuba le ntombazana wafumana imfundo yakhe yaye kungekho ndlela olufunekayo. Ubomi waqala ukuthatha umdlali ngekusasa uye imilo echazwe kakuhle. Wenza izidanga baza bagqiba ukunyanzelisa iphupha layo baziswa - ukuba ngumdlali weqonga. Kwaye kwakhona, kwanceda le umhlobo usapho Bala de Morny, ngubani elinesibhozo uSara Bernhardt kumlawuli we ethiyetha "Comédie Française". Waye ngandlel bexakekile: "Kuyinto ibhityile kakhulu ukuba nqanaba" - utshilo. Noko ke, uSara Bernar, engobomi leyo ke wavula kwiphepha elitsha, wangena, yaye ukuba intombazana ntsako lowukulu.

bt wokubonelwa

bt Theatrical zo Bernar wathatha indawo kaSeptemba 1, 1862 kulo mdlalo "Iphigenia e UAulis" wemidlalo Zhana Batista Racine. Phambi kokuba ku umdlali isigaba uyasigqiba. Xa umkhusane wenyuka kancinci, phantse uSara ndaphelelwa ngamandla. Woman ngokoqobo komnquma yimincili, yaye akumangalisi ukuba abahlalutyi ngamxhelo wancoma umdlali for emhle imbonakalo yamenza "ezimbini" ukuze bakhonze. "Ukususela ngoku, Paris abaphulaphuli theatre unako ukuza babubone iinwele uhlaza segolide zo Bernar, kodwa akukho ngaphezulu", - wabhala iphephandaba.

ukuthandwa

Nangona kunjalo, i-ncomo negative - ikwayiyo ncomo. Ukongeza, abahlalutyi yeqonga musa ithathele ingqalelo uhlobo intsimbi zokufuna weqonga. Emva kwethutyana, uSara washiya i "Comédie Française" waza waqalisa ukudlala iindima eziphambili nakumanye amaqonga. Ngabo aba "Odeon", "Gymnase", "Port-Saint-Martin". sokwenziwa komsebenzi ngasinye bathatha inxaxheba apho umdlali yaba wobugcisa yobugcisa kakhulu. Kwababukeli shaft valyl uSara Bernhardt, kunye nomlawuli we "Comedie Francaise" yaluma iingalo zakho. Noko ke, ukuba badlale phantse zonke iindima odidi, Zaire, Desdemona, Phaedra, Andromache, kunye nabanye abaninzi, uBernard wabuyela endlwini Moliere kaThixo kwi ekunene prima donna, apho yafunyanwa ngezandla ezishushu.

Sara Bernar nedayimane

Umdlali edlala kanye kwakhona kothusa abaphulaphuli yeqonga, udlala Margaritu Gote kulo mdlalo "La Dame aux Camelias" Aleksandra Dyuma fils. Umbhali UViktor Gyugo, ukunyaniseka wothuswa zo Bernar, wamnika idayimani ngokwemo iinyembezi kwi umxokelelwane wegolide. "Ngeenyembezi umphefumlo wam," - wathi. Lo weqonga igcinwe elide yomqala njengoko elinqabileyo kakhulu isipho sokwaziwa njengalo nanto ngetalente yakhe. Jewelry Sara Bernar wayemthanda hi ndlela leyinene yabo uyamthanda umfazi, yena waqubuda diamonds. Abayithandayo ze umdlali wayesazi waza azihlubayo basebenzisa ubuthathaka kaSara zadarivaya iwandlale ngexabiso enhle.

Bernard akazange nezivatho zabo ekhaya xa kwakufuneka aye tour. Zonke idayimani zipakishwe kwityala zithwele nemixawuka yonke emva ilifa lenkosikazi yaso. Noxolo lwengqondo ngoxa Sara Bernar akazange avakalelwe, wayesoyika uhlaselo kunye nokuphanga. Kwaye ukuze sixhathise nabaphangi, lo mfazi amahlwempu nisoloko ephethe ivolovolo a manenekazi ezincinane '. Kamva, kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ukususela zo Bernar wabonakala umlandeli. Yaba edumileyo anokuzithanda ngalo lonke Konsuela Velaskes, umbhali le ngoma "Besame Mucho", apho ixesha akanamandla. Consuela wasebenzisa ukuba naye lonke ihlabathi namakhonkco, kunye nemali, yaye baba baninzi.

iindima besilisa

Ivolovolo kwi indlela yakhe zo Bernar isipaji ngokungangqalanga wathetha ngaye njengomntu wokwenene ngesimilo olomeleleyo. Le miqondiso isini, ngengqiqo elungileyo, kubonakala umsebenzi umdlali. Uye wadlala indima amaninzi amadoda, ekwakukho phakathi Hamlet, Eaglet, Werther, Lorenzachcho, Zanetti.

Ndimele ndithi Hamlet kukuba Bernard woyisa uninzi Stanislavsky, lowo ngelo xesha kusekho umfana, kodwa sele wayesazi okuninzi malunga yobugcisa yeqonga. Stanislavski wayeyazi ukuba banikwa dayimani actress, ukuba okunene.

Kamva Stanislavsky uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wabonisa uSara Bernhardt ezikumgangatho kakuhle, uhlobo ilizwi lakhe abaqeqeshiweyo, amagama okungenakubekwa, inkcubeko lwangaphakathi, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ingqondo enzulu isimilo.

Eneneni, umdlali wenza kwiplanga elimcambalala ebanzi iimvakalelo zabantu, kwakungekho kubonakaliswa umphefumlo esobukhomokazi (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amadoda), ezingenakulinganiswa ukuba ufake umfanekiso bobuntu bakhe Bernard. zinakho Organic isingqala saba luvuyo, kwinceba ngumsindo - oku artist lokwenyaniso zezakhono. Actress Sara Bernar wadlala ukuze Stanislavsky wayenokuthi odumileyo wakhe okuphela - "Ndiyakholwa ..."

"Eqalisa 'lo mfazi," ukuhleba "yakhe, ubuchule' phantsi, ukuntywiliselwa," "ukukhasa kuqhambuke" - ukuba nje italente umdlali edlala enkulu, sisipho ezukileyo kaThixo. USara Bernar, ogama ifoto zange kuhla ukusuka amaphepha-ndaba neemagazini, akazange athathe inyathelo, macala onke ungqingwe fans. Amanqaku kumaphephandaba enikelwe waya kumazwe aseYurophu, yaye kamva eMelika, zazifana iingxelo ezivela ngaphambili ngexesha lemfazwe, indlela enye, isigama efanayo - "Ithiyetha ngomonakalo," "Yinto ukuwina, abahlalutyi yadubadubeka," "uNapoleon Ndandingazi njengoloyiso enjalo. " Ngokufuthi mathiriyeli Divas esidumileyo kumabala emidlalo bagxothwa iingxelo zikarhulumente kunye neengxelo ezibalulekileyo zoqoqosho. USara Bernar, umdlali kunye nesizwe ngokubanzi owuthandayo, owayesoloko engqongwe abezindaba ijikazi oxineneyo lokubhala ookhansila, kwaye wayengakwazi bayayamkela.

fans

ixesha elininzi awayithabathayo kuloo superstar endorsement zibe. Amafutha kunye nesepha, neeglavu nothuli - zonke izinto ezibizayo iziqholo wema igama isiscelo Bernar. Kodwa ababa, akuzange kubekho into ebubutshinga. waqubuda kuye, baqubuda, wayemthanda bamdumisa ngandlela zonke, kodwa kwakungekho zithixo. Abantu waziva open umphefumlo actress, ubuhlobo kunye nempendulo yakhe efanayo. Ngokungafaniyo unina, uSara saqhela amadoda azizityebi abafuna ukusondela kuye.

USara Bernar, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane iqulethe amaphepha amaninzi enikelwe ebomini kwikhaya lakhe, njengoko kunjalo, wayephila ubukho kabini. Emva kokubuya yokubonela, waliwela umbundu indlu yakhe, umdlali ngasekhohlo ngaphandle ubugcisa omkhulu waza waziphosa yendawo yakhe.

impahla ekhaya

Umdlali udale ekhaya ezweni labo yenu. Waziqaba lo mfanekiso, ukukrola otyhidiweyo, ukubhala amabali amafutshane kunye nokudlala fun. House zo Bernar wayezele zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ngeenyawo izinja bedidekile kunye neekati, iinyoka njengezinambuzane yonke indawo. Xa wafumana ibhokisi lokwenene namaqhosha njengekhephu-ezimhlophe neyesilika, yaye uye waba kuye phantse ukuze aphile. Yena elele ebhokisini, yaye wafundisa indima yokusela ikofu. Ke kaloku, njengokuba umdlali wathi kuye, waziva kakuhle nje. ezihlekisayo ezinjalo ukuze kuthiwe eyothusayo, kodwa isibakala sokuba Sara Bernar akazami ukubonisa ukuba amava. Kule bhokisi, ngenene yena kakuhle, kwaye inyathelo phezu umsila iikati elele yonke yena ingqalelo kakubi kwaye bazama niphambuke kubo.

Malunga actress Me '

Ukuthanda lwakhe ongumdlali kakhulu kanye ziphunyezwe, unyuka usiya ezulwini ngebhaluni yomoya kwinkampani labahlobo abasondeleleneyo. Wind pretty ruffled abahambi lomoya, abaninzi baye bathandazela ukuxolela, yaye uSara Bernar wasela champagne kunye ungqiyame ngaphandle ibhanti phezu icala. "Ndiyakuthanda xa iindwendwe ukuza kum - uthi - kodwa andizithandi ngokwam ukuya kutyelela Ndiyakuthanda ukufumana iileta, kodwa akukho mandla nam ukunyanzela ukuba ubhale impendulo Ndiyakuthanda ukunika iingcebiso, kodwa mna ngokuqinisekileyo ndiyithiyile ukuba into iingcebiso .." . Yena zange ndicinge ngento eza kwenzeka ngomso, alibale ukuba kwenzeke ntoni izolo. Ukuba ngomso uza kulufela - njalo ntoni? Khawucinge nje ...

Juliet

Ixesha gxebe, ungamconganga owakhe ongumdlali edumileyo, kodwa ebudaleni eseyintombi ntombazana uSara. abahlalutyi Modern iyayithanda le ngqondi Bernard, ngethuba a joke "Sara Bernar -. Dzhuletta Kapuletti Ukuba umdlali kunyaka-70 ubudala uya kudlala Heroine eneminyaka eli-13 ubudala kaShakespeare, yeqonga ihlabathi liphela baya kukholwa kwaye baya kumemelela." Kwaye oku kungekho joke, oku kakuhle ukuba kwenzeke ntoni.

USara Bernar, iingcaphulo ezivela entethweni iindima kunye nodliwano-ndlebe abaphila amashumi ezininzi, ayilibaleki. Kwelabafileyo umdlali kwi Pere Lachaise emangcwabeni eParis usoloko izele iintyatyambo. BaseParis kunye abathanda abadlali ezinkulu abavela ehlabathini lonke, cwaka iyonke zizwana sisikhumbuzo ukuba ahlawule irhafu.