Saint Catherine of Alexandria - Christian Great Martyr

Phakathi abangcwele ezininzi zamaKristu ithatha indawo ekhethekileyo uCatherine of Alexandria. Ngokholo kuKristu, kuba emva kokuba uphando olunzulu abangabasemisebenzini izazinzulu, ootitshala ixesha lakhe eminyaka weza. Olu lwazi wamnceda ukuba aqonde ukuba kuphela, uMdali olunye-onamandla onke Ndizakwenza eli hlabathi lizaliswe ubungqina bobukho bakhe apho. Xa edla ye nguMama kaThixo kweentsana Pre-ngonaphakade ezingalweni zakhe, yena ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ubamkelela entliziyweni yakhe.

Ubutsha ikamva le uyazidela

Saint Catherine waseAlexandria wazalwa eYiputa kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane lesithathu. Waya kwintsapho yasebukhosini nobuntwana ekuqaleni bahlala kubunewunewu ezazibonisa endaweni yayo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mnandi nemidlalo ulukuhlwe engqondweni intombazana eselula. Eyona uthando balo isifundo. Isixeko waseAlexandria, apho wayehlala khona ixesha elide iye idume kwithala yayo, aqulathe imisebenzi iinkcuba yexesha elidlulileyo. Baya Holy Catherine yaye lonke ixesha lakhe.

Okumenza iminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala, wayesele esazi ukuba bafezeke imisebenzi kaHomer, uPlato, Virgil noAristotle. Ukongeza, ukuba Ukuthanda inzululwazi, wayefunda imisebenzi oogqirha abaziwayo ezifana noHippocrates, UAsclepius kunye Galin. On top of lasungulwa Post ubugqirha intombi buqondwe nezo ubugagu kunye ngengqiqo. Iingxoxo kunye pundits yena kalula ngeelwimi ezininzi zomthonyama. Ukuqwalasela zonke funda-ngqangi yamandulo, weza ukukholelwa ukuba uMdali yonke into ehlabathini hlabathi ukuba abe omkhulu onamandla ingqondo, bengalinqulanga yi amaYiputa ngexesha le izithixo ezenziwe ngabantu.

Umtshakazi losapho lobukumkani

Ukongeza ulwazi olunzulu kunye nengqondo eliqaqambileyo n Aleksandriyskaya ine ubuhle obalaseleyo. Ngaba ayimangalisi into yokuba xa iimpawu ezinjalo, nkqu kunye imvelaphi ezindilekileyo, waba phakathi oomolokazana kakhulu awayesibawela sikarhulumente. Yona wenza iingcebiso ezivela amasoka amaninzi abafanelekileyo, abo babezama ukuchukumisa izibhengezo zakhe zothando yenga kunye nezithembiso sonwabe nohlumayo.

Noko ke, yonke loo ntombazana abanekratshi wala, yaye ekugqibeleni intsapho yakhe yaqala ukuba inyanzelise yokuba nangoku wenza ukhetho waza wabanika yindlalifa bonke ubutyebi abangabakhe kuyo ngasekunene phakathi kweentsapho. Kodwa kuyacaca ukuba, utshaba uhlanga lwabantu aze abanike nekratshi entliziyweni yakhe, yaye basabela ngokuthi Ntombi uthe uza kutshata kuphela loo mfana, owayeza azi zifana rich naye, smart kunye ezintle. Nantoni na ngaphantsi, yena akavumelani, ngokuba ezi eziluncedo emine phezu onke amantombazana ehlabathini. Ukuba, ke, ezo efanelekileyo akayi kufumana, ngoko ke ulungele ukuqhubeka ubunyulu bakhe kude kuse ebudaleni ikwandim, kodwa musa ukuwela umtshato ukungalingani.

Iindaba balo Myeni wasezulwini

Ukuva umbuzo lo mkhombe, unina wentombi yagqiba kubhenela uncedo lenkulu-yedwa othe, abathi i balelwa ngelixa ubuKristu, wayehlala ngaphandle komzi, emqolombeni. Le ndoda osisilumko, emva kokuphulaphula uCatherine wagqiba ukubafundisa kuye nokuzikhanyisa inyaniso ethe unangoku evela lona, nangona imali yakhe ngokupheleleyo.

Wamxelela ukuba usehlabathini umfana lowo mkhulu kobulumko bonke abemi behlabathi, buthi nobuhle nto ufana kuphela umqadi elanga. lonke ihlabathi ezibonakalayo nezingabonakaliyo na amandla akhe, yaye ubutyebi, leyo yena osasaza isandla unesisa, hayi nje bunciphe, kwaye ngexesha ngalinye ukunyuka. Usapho lwakhe kakhulu kangangokuba Akukwazi ingqondo yomntu. Emva la mazwi umntu omdala wamnikela uCatherine i icon kuyo yaba umfanekiso Virgin kunye kwabantwana bakhe,. Ngentlonipho icinezelwe esifubeni sakhe umthwalo elixabisekileyo, uCatherine wayishiya loo ndoda endala.

Umbono ungowokubongwa Virgin

ibali elugcwabevu Elder, n Aleksandriyskaya emva ekhaya, yaye ngobusuku lokuqala bubuthongo ekukhanyeni yena engunina kaThixo usana ezingalweni zakhe. uvuyo olukhulu ke kuye ukuba azive yaza yabonisa kubo ungowokubongwa Virgin, kodwa uNyana wakhe Obungunaphakade ndabusithelisa ubuso bakhe intombazana, yaye ukuphendula izibongozo umthetho ukuba nibuyele kwindoda endala, kwaye ngaye ukuba siqonde iinyaniso eziya kwenza ukuba nanko iimpawu zayo kaThixo. Catherine cwaka waqubuda phambi kokuba umntwana uYesu nomama wakhe. umphefumlo wayo yazala nomnqweno Ukhanye ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka imfundiso ndomlungisa ikhokelele kuThixo. Xa evuka ebuthongweni, kuxhomekeke kusasa ukuba ukuvala amehlo akhe, ngokuphindaphindiweyo abafumana oko ndabona ephupheni.

Ukukhanya ukholo lwamaKristu

Ngosuku olulandelayo, sasinda ngesifingo, wayesele ebuyele emqolombeni enye, yaye indoda elilungisa wamxelela iimfundiso enkulu zikaYesu Kristu. Xa umoya bated, waphulaphula ukuya aph 'kwamalungisa ezulwini kunye yentuthumbo engunaphakade abo wemka uJowabhi wamtyhutyha wonke ubomi besono. Wavula zonke noludumileyo engathethekiyo ukholo lokwenyaniso lobuKristu phezu neenkolelo zobuhedeni. ekukhanyeni kwaphezulu kwakhanya umphefumlo wakhe.

Emva ekhaya, eSt uCatherine wathandaza ithuba elide kwaye xa woyisa ubuthongo kwakhona wabona Virgin oyiNgcwele, kodwa eli xesha uNyana kaThixo ngenceba akumjonga. Wabeka umnwe wakhe phezu iguquka isangqa abangamaKristu layalela ngangenini emtshatweni emhlabeni. Xa uCatherine wavuka, waza wabona isandla sakhe phezu isipho sikaThixo, ndaqonda ukuba ukususela ngoku yena eseliganiwe ukuba uKristu yena.

wokushumayela umKristu lamaqaba

Kuloo minyaka, xa umphefumlo intombi entsha, hleze ukukhanya ubuKristu, onke amaYiputa nangoku kurhaxwa ebumnyameni ubuhedeni, yaye amarhamente ukholo lokwenyaniso ziye phantsi intshutshiso eqatha. Kwenzeka ukuba Alexandria weza kweli lizwe - abangendawo ukumkani Maximin, fanatically abazinikeleyo kwinkonzo izithixo. Wabayalela ukuba amalungiselelo mbhiyozo grand nembeko kuzo zonke iindawo zeli lizwe wathumela abathunywa kunye nemfuneko babedibana bahlali iminikelo zoluntu.

N Aleksandriyskaya, kunye nabo bonke yaba etempileni, apho babeza imbeko ilitye nobhedu izithixo, kodwa endaweni ukuthatha inxaxheba lamalela ngokubanzi, yena ngenkalipho wacela ukumkani amazwi, leyo wakukhalimela ulahlekiso yeedemon. Kuye nje wazama kuye, nabo bonke abo intsikelelo yobuhedeni, kodwa wathi kubo malunga uMdali wehlabathi yaye imfundiso enkulu, wayisa abantu.

mpikiswano yentanda kunye nezithembiso kobutyebi

Ndicaphuke irhuluneli wayalela ukuba naye entolongweni, kodwa ulutsha spare nobuhle, akazange aye amanyathelo kakhulu. Wamthumela izilumko zakhe, kangangokuba azixhokonxa le ntombazana waza wabuyela ukuba indlela Maximin wayenyanisile. Long abagqwesa izithunywa zakhe bubuciko, kodwa ngobulumko ngononophelo uCatherine wabaphendula ukuba abaseleyo kudana.

Emva koko ke ukumkani wabhenela abathembekileyo, ngokwembono yakhe, ithetha - isithembiso kweempahla zingenakubaleka emhlabeni ngenxa kukulahlwa wamzonda ubuKristu. Noko ke, loo nto ayizange ukunceda. Kuthetha ntoni kuye bonke ubutyebi basemhlabeni nozuko kuthelekiswa lempilo engunaphakade ukuba chayala bafumane ubukumkani bamazulu lomyeni. Zonke izithembiso aba kuye kuphela ibinzana engenanto.

Ixhoba kuba nkulu inyaniso

Kwaye ngoko ke amehlo umlawuli eyambethe isigqubuthelo ngumsindo. Wenza intombi omsulwa ezandleni kakhulu oligcisa umxhomi yakhe waza wayalela ezazicekiswa ukumphilisa ukulahla uKristu. Kodwa ummangaliso kwenzeke. Yonke isixhobo anomngcipheko nakusekuqhwanyazeni kweliso crumbled eluthulini ngokukhawuleza Wabathabatha ezandleni zakhe. Isiphumo salo yayikukuba yena lonke ezilahliweyo ibe yokothuka, baza bamxelela ukumkani ukuba imikhosi Vyshnii ukukhusela abathinjiweyo uze ubonise inyaniso yamazwi akhe.

Ke ukumkani esibi sisithulu izizathu zabo, engafuni balinge baphume ecaleni iimpazamo zabo, ngoko nangoko wayalela ukubulawa uCatherine. Le Christian Great Martyr wanqunyulwa intloko kunyaka 304, yaye igazi lakhe wankcenkcesha kwifama otyebileyo, apho baya iziqhamo Ubomi-enika ubuKristu. Yena amawaka azo njengoko ubomi babo moguchy wabeka isiseko itempile ukholo entsha, kungekudala obujikeleze ilizwe xa ihlabathi lonke ephucukile.

Isigodlo yeSinayi kunye Basilica of St. Petersburg

Emva kwexesha elithile, izinto ezingcwele ezingcwele Catherine waseAlexandria zaye zadluliselwa yeSinayi ndayinyamekela yokuphumla woonongendi ebizwe ngegama lakhe. umlawuli Russian Peter I, yokunika imbeko kwisikhumbuzo Saint Catherine - patroness umfazi wakhe uKumkanikazi uCatherine I, wayalela ukuba kubo ezithumela yeSinayi ngesiliva.

Ngokwayo, ikomkhulu Northern eRashiya, kwi indlela ecanda phakathi kwezindlu yayo engundoqo - Nevsky Ithemba, yayakhelwe ibandla lamaKatolika uCatherine of Alexandria.

Ke wavula iingcango zalo 1783 ebukumkanini uKumkanikazi enye, leyo wayizalela igama lakhe - uCatherine II, phantsi ukhuselo ezulwini engcwele. Itempile, okanye, njengoko kuthiwa, kwindlu yonqulo, alondolozwe kule mini, kwaye umfanekiso wakhe uchazwe apha ngasentla. Ukufika Catherine waseAlexandria yenye kwezinye uluntu yamaKatolika of St. Petersburg. Esi sakhiwo waba ngomnye wemisebenzi zokwakha esi sixeko.

Phakathi umkhosi abangcwele Orthodox indawo ofanele ohlala kunye n Aleksandriyskaya. Le icon kunye nomfanekiso saint ifumaneka uninzi amabandla Russian. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko imelwe ingubo yobukhosi, isithsaba kunye umnqamlezo esandleni sakhe. Ngamanye amaxesha achazwe ivili kunye amazinyo - njengesixhobo nxaniso kuye, emandleni aphezulu kwaphulwa. Catherine waseAlexandria yokuthandaza etroneni Oyena Uphakamileyo ukuba zinikelwe ubomi obungunaphakade kubo bonke abo ngenxa woBukumkani Bakhe, akamkeli iimpahla ezonakalayo emhlabeni. Day of inkumbulo yakhe ibhiyozelwa ngoDisemba 7.