Russia ephuhlisa kumazibuko kunye namazwe amacebo angabamelwane

Wonke umzi omkhulu izibuko ngaselwandle. Ukusuka kule ndawo, ukuzulazula romance kuvuthuza ezixutywe apha inuka enkulu solyarovoe ndifuze evuthayo ioli amafutha kunye nomoya zileswa ezize izitya zokulawula iiseyile clang intsimbi kunye neempempe. fun Lighthouse Oqoba iliso yayo ebomvu, ibhekisela ithuba lokuba babone amathuba amatsha exotic elinikiweyo. Kodwa yonke le romance kunye neengxaki zoqoqosho zibuko nganye - indawo apho eninzi nemali efunyenwe.

wenza indlela uthotho sorhwebo ulwandle

Kulo bomi, kufuneka uhlawule zonke, kuquka ukuba impahla. Kude kube kamva nje, oothixo Russian baye bachitha imali eninzi ukuze ziqinisekise ukuba zifumana izibonelelo ezifumanekayo kubo kumazibuko angaphandle. Kukho wazikhulula ubamba evela, ngoko ke ukulayisha ezinye iindlela zothutho, iimoto okt kaloliwe, iilori, neenqanawa isikhongozelo kunye nempahla, kwaye maxa wambi umlambo okanye ulwandle, kakhulu, kodwa izithuba kufuphi-unxweme. Zonke ezi imisebenzi, kukho amaxabiso neerhafu, ezifakwe kwi ngeniso ngokwemigangatho evunyiweyo. Ngezi mali imirhumo ihlawulwe kunye neerhafu eziwela ngaphakathi mali yelizwe apho kwizibuko bobabo. Izizathu nemithwalo Russian ngokuya kumazwe angaphandle kunye impahla yokungenisa wacanda izibuko lwamazwe angabamelwane ezahlukileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha wadlala indima umba yezembali, ngamanye amaxesha waba atshiphu, kwakukho imiba yezopolitiko, efana inkxaso kumazwe lula kodwa ngubani oyaziyo into enye. Kodwa sizathu sibalulekileyo kwiimeko ezininzi kwaba sekunjalo kwinqanaba ngokwaneleyo zophuhliso namazibuko zabo kunye bandwidth yabo iphantsi kakhulu.

indlela yotyalo

A eminyaka enesiqingatha, urhulumente Russian uchithe kuphuhliso kumazibuko zasekhaya eninzi imali. Ezi mali esichithwe ngokusezingqondweni ukuba kwaziwe ukuba utyalo-mali osemthethweni kunye nenzuzo kakhulu, imbuyekezo apho kuya kuba nefuthe kakuhle imeko yezoqoqosho kwixesha elifutshane. Izibonelelo entsha yokuhamba amanzi ixabise engange-28 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kunyaka ophelileyo kuphela. Isiphumo kolutyalomali kukunyusa amandla ukuya kwizigidi ezingama-20. Iitoni / nyaka, yaye kulo nyaka kulindeleke ukuba ikhule kakhulu futhi 32 mln. Iitoni. Kule minyaka ilishumi kunye nengeniso amazibuko isiqingatha impahla Wavuka 170%, nto leyo yayintle, ingakumbi ngokwemeko zentlekele lwehlabathi. Imimandla nathembisayo ngentsimbi lweBaltic (wakha ezinjengeetheminali eziliqela omtsha), kwakunye ne-Arctic and East Ekude, kodwa kuLwandle Black, kakhulu, ukuba sifikelele.

ukuxoxa imikhumbi

Ukubaluleka uphuhliso lweziseko izibuko lubonakala kuphela ukuba urhulumente kodwa osomashishini zabucala. Kwezi engange-28 ezigidi imali kuphela yesithathu lwabiwo-mali, ezinye wazibeka abameli zoshishino. Oku kuyaqondakala, ezi ndleko zinika ilifa ixesha elide kwicandelo ebaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho, kunye necandelo yayo yokwenene. Redistribution of imithwalo aqukuqela kumazibuko Russian rhoqo, le nkqubo okukhulu, nangona ezinye izinto kwamanye amazwe ukukhawulezisa kuyo. Ngoko ke, ngelishwa, ukukhula yokuthengisa ngokusebenzisa izibuko ngexesha elifanayo abakwazi ukukhula, kodwa kunoko, umthamo ogcweleyo wehlile ngexesha lentlekele. Isiphelo ukuze enze omnye: ukuba iphuma kwenye kwezinye iindawo kunciphisa.

amava Ukrainian

Ngoku kakhulu intetho malunga umonakalo amazibuko kumazwe eBaltic, Estonia, Lithuania kunye Latvia ingakumbi, Klaipeda, Tallinn kunye Riga, kodwa eneneni, le nkqubo yaqala kunye Ukraine, nto leyo eye elide. Kwaye asikho kwi "wesangqa yaseYurophu", izohlwayo kunye nokurhoxiswa eCrimea eRashiya. Nkqu amaxesha Kuchma (kwaye yaqala kwanaxa Kravchuk) navuswa iirhafu ngenxa yohambo kweempahla. Emva koko nobunkokeli kwabonakala ukuba ukuba okukhona uya kuhlawula oosomashishini, uninzi Russian, zandise zizaliswe ngokukhawuleza. Kwanaxa Yeltsin wayemthanda akhawunti imali, yaye basabela kungekudala ukuza. Emva kokuba ukwandiswa kwizibuko Novorossiysk, ebanjwe amanzi bakhe Zibuze, imisebenzi kunye nokwandisa ixabiso iindonga ezithintelo zeenqanawa e Odessa, Nikolaev, Kherson kunye nezinye izibonelelo ebalulekileyo zothutho kazwelonke abasakhasayo Ukraine ukuba kakhulu buphelile. Into, Kakade ke, uhlale, ezifana yaseMzantsi, ngaphandle apho ayikwazi ukukwenza, apha Portside yeziTyalo, kodwa umtya eqhelekileyo kweenqanawa e Anchorage kwenye indawo ingasekho.

Riga port

Ngexesha ingeniso kwikota yokuqala Freeport wabona ukuncipha kuthelekiswa isalathisi nelo bazizigidi ezi-4.7 zeetoni. Eli nani kukodwa akuthethi nto ukuba ngaba uthathe ingqalelo yokuba kukho izigidi 9.1 kuphela. T, ngoko yonke into icacile, nethontsi ngaphezu wesithathu. Kuphela ekupheleni transshipment ilahleko amalahle Russian liqikelelwa kwi malunga 140 ezigidi kowethu ngonyaka ngamnye, kodwa oku inqaku ibalulekileyo. Imali iyonke iinzuzo elahlekayo sele kulinganiswa iibhiliyoni zeerandi zamanani. Ngokutsho kuSihlalo weBhodi Andris Ameriksa port, oku kuhla luchazwa nokunikezelwa imithwalo yendlela kunceda olukhula ngokukhawuleza kwiitheminali Russian. Noko ke, kungekhona kweli, Kakade ke, kodwa kukho ukuhla jikelele kumsebenzi ishishini. kumazibuko Russian phezu koLwandle iBaltic wathabatha abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu amawaka iitoni imithwalo, kunye nokunciphisa bafikelela 1.4 mln. Iitoni, oko kukuthi nangoku 900 lamawaka. T umane awuthunyelwanga kakade.

Tallinn, Klaipeda, Ventspils

Imeko efanayo kwezinye namazibuko kumazwe eBaltic. Xa sithatha umzekelo uyezibuko Latvian ka Ventspils, ukuba phambi kokuba nokubekwa kwezohlwayo ngamazwe cargo turnover yawa (26m. Okulahlwayo) yi-9% ngo-2014, yaye ngoJanuwari-Februwari 2015 esinye-18% xa kuthelekiswa no-2013. (Ukuze nje 4.8 million. M). E Tallinn lokunciphisa umthamo lokuhamba 21% (22,4 yezigidi. M kunyaka ophelileyo). Xa lokuwa Klaipeda ayikho omkhulu kangaka, 5.6%, nangona akukho ezincinane kakhulu (izigidi 38.4. Iitoni njengoko ka-2015). Izibuko engundoqo yenzeke kuyo nokunikezelwa intlawulelo yothutho zendlela ntoni Primorsk kunye Ust-Luga, ixesha langoku kunye nokwandiswa elidlulileyo. Kuyimfuneko kwi-terminal oyile Ventspils iye yaphela, kwaye ngoku kukho amandla Russian.

Okokugqibela, le ntlekele!

Ingeniso lilonke kumazibuko Russian kwixesha 2014-2015 wakhula 676 mln. Iitoni (yi-5.7%), kwaye kuphela kwikota yokuqala kulo nyaka sele nge 4.6%. Ngokwalo real, oku kuthetha ukuba ukwanda yaba 90 mln. Iitoni.

Kwimeko enjalo kulula ukuba uqaphele ukuba eli xesha lakalokunje izixhobo zezibuko Russian kwenza ngaphezu phambi ntlekele na, yaye le nto ibonakala ngathi umdla kakhulu. Kubonakala ukuba akukho ntlekele kunye izohlwayo wenza ukuba lidibanise izibonelelo, le forwarder Russian kunye Umthunywa kuya kuqhubeka ukuxhasa izibonelelo zothutho angaphandle kwakunye impahla kweli lizwe ayinayo imali eyaneleyo. Ngoku ke amazibuko kuzo zonke kweelwandle bethatha asakhulayo ukusuka Nakhodka ukuba Novorossiysk ngokwandisa umthamo nesantya. Apha, inene, bekungasayi kubakho ulonwabo ...

Sibonakaliso yezopolitiko

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kudala ukumakishwa izixhobo zezibuko usendle waba intsingiselo efanayo njengoko ukuthengwa apile Polish, leyo, ngokungafaniyo pineapples zikhuliswa ngokulula e Saratov, Voronezh, ngubani na olaziyo into enye kwiindawo zoluntu. kufuneka nje ukuba zithathelwe ingqalelo xa naliphi na ilizwe ukuba iRussia unika imali, lo gama i-nkqubo bezinye iintlanga urhulumente ngobubele, kodwa ukuba nantoni na, yaye wena ungenza ntoni na. Amava abonisa ukuba iziphumo ezifana amajelo abazange kakuhle kakhulu, ubuncinane okwangoku. Kodwa kwakhona fundo elizayo, ubulumko umntu akujonga nzima. uphuhliso Own kubaluleke ngakumbi yaye athembeke.