PT-76 Itanki emanzini: inkcazelo, iimpawu kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Phambi kokuqala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II eSoviet Union baba namava olukhulu nokudalwa ezidadayo izithuthi vehicles. Ngomnyaka wamashumi amane ananye oluBomvu Army kwaba fleet likhulu njengobuchule enjalo, Noko ke, ngexesha lomsebenzi yokulwa uninzi neemeko amabutho esitha zitshatyalaliswe. Ezinye lo mshini ngokucacileyo ukuba ziyahambelana neenjongo zikarhulumente kunye nako ngokwaneleyo ukomeleza emkhosini. PT-76 isampuli - itanki phenyane, nto leyo ngokukhululwa serial hlengiswe ukuya kwiminyaka post-imfazwe. Xa noseko lwalo uyakhululwa kokulungiswa ezimbalwa. Qwalasela iimpawu kunye iimpawu zamasele.

History of indalo

itanki emanzini PT-76 wacwangciswa kukuxhobisa shaka abanjalo 76 mm. Kufuneka ikwazi yokuthutha eqinileyo reserve iimbumbulu kwaye akwazi ukudlulisela izikhali ukuya mabini emoyeni. Uphuhliso design ngeentengo technology omtsha phezu isityalo imikhumbi e Nizhny Novgorod ( "Red Sormovo").

Kwisibini sokuqala of AMAGQABAZA ▸ wenziwa ngo-1948. Ngelishwa, umzekelo ayizange lakudlula uvavanyo, emva koko uphuhliso wathabatha Institute of Engineering Uthutho eSt Petersburg (iLeningrad). Silwenza ngoku wamisa Stalingrad sisityalo yezothutho. Ulawulo lweSebe le projekthi olwenziwe zh. Ya. Kotin. Ngaxa lithile, phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe wadala zokudubula self-esingazihambeliyo enzima. Xa indima lead yokuluka wenza Shamshurin NF

Le projekthi intsha ifumene index 740. Ngu lowe-1950, siye sakhulula prototype. Obunzima uvavanyo entsha ukulwa isithuthi phezu kwentloko uvelile okhuphisana yayo (K-90 ukusuka kubenzi eMoscow), wegqitha yonke imiqobo ngempumelelo. Ngo-Agasti 1951, into ke igama "itanki emanzini PT-76," yaye yasetyenziswa.

features design

Izincomo ibutho uba ubeko zoqobo, libhekisela kumntu kwiklasi lula. Vehicles Corps has lamagumbi ezintathu:

1. isebe ulawulo, wabekwa isaphetha.
2. Ukulwa gumbi ise embindini umzimba, mayixhotyiswe uqwalaselo inqaba etsobhileyo.
3. Umqulu amandla ngasemva kwezindlu. Kukho injini diesel iperi Jets lwamanzi (kuqala asetyenziswa ngokusekelwe kule nqubo).

Ukuveliswa lothotho inani imoto yaqalwa kakade 1951 kwimveliso Mass waqhubeka de 1967 kunye umbhobho iyonke wehla malunga namawaka amane iikopi. Ngowe-1967, izixhobo wasuswa inkonzo.

itanki PT-76: Iimpawu

Ezi zilandelayo isicwangciso Committe nezobugcisa:

• udidi Product - tank zokudada.
• unyaka Imveliso - 1951.
• Eli qela - amadoda amathathu.
• Ilungiselelo yesekethe - Classic.
• Ubude / ububanzi / ubude - 6.91 / 3.18 / 2.19 m.
• isikrweqe ubukhulu - ukusuka mm-5 ukuya kwi-13, kuxhomekeka kwindawo (impumlo, amacala, ezantsi, Tower).
• Base - 4,08 yeemitha.
• Track - 2,74 mm.
• Le mithambo yendlela - 37 cm.
• Uhlobo lokubhukisha - ezityikitywe intsimbi homogenous wamandla ngaphezulu.
• Kwezikhali - ziphangwe umpu ukuvuleka 76 mm Umatshini gun SGMT 7,62 mm.
• Shot Uluhlu - up to km 12.
• chwetheza emehlweni - TSHK-66 brand owawusisibonakude.
• Power Plant - injini diesel V-6 ukuvelisa 240 enjini.
• indeksi speed (ubuninzi) - 44 km / h kumhlaba, 10.2 km / h - lezimali.
• Weight - angu-14.
• Umsele - 2.8 m.
• Ingami cross lizwe / lezimali - 210/70 km.
• Ukurhoxiswa - uhlobo torsion ngamnye.
• amandla ngqo - 17.1 iilitha. s / m.

ngokuqaphela ulungiselelo kunye nonxibelelwano

Ezincinane lencopho FET-itanki 76 lixhotyiswe izixhobo ezintathu periscopic ezithi zilungiswe ngendlela ejikelezayo uqoqo alimwi. Emidlalweni ziyaxhonywa asondelelene kwaye anike isishwankathelo elungileyo yecandelo kunokuba elimxinwa.

Devices babe ukwanda ngokuphindwe kahlanu oqeqeshelweyo kwimboniselo kunye 7.5 iyahluka kolundi. Emacaleni periscopes TNP kunye ukukhulisa elinye. Ukutshaja for kwiindawo zokubukela Ungasebenzisa enye kuphela isixhobo single rotary ukwandisa MK-4. Le ibekwe phambi aqandusele kwentungo yenqaba leyo inde.

Iimeko non-ukulwa, umqhubi ugcina kwendawo ngokusebenzisa kuleyo evulekileyo. Xa iimeko yokulwa ukuze ngokutsha iintlobo ezintathu isixhobo yempahla yabathengi. Ukulawula umatshini kwiimeko yenkungu okanye ebusuku wasinika binocular ngombono ebusuku TVN-2B. Oku kuquka i filter infrared, Akunakuba elektroniki yokukhanya. Umbono umgama imalunga-60 eemitha, apho angle izidanga ngaphantsi kwama-30.

PT-76 Tank: inkcazo injini kunye kwisisu semoto

By kunye neyunithi ngamandla amakhulu phantsi ingqalelo is a maxesha motor itanki zamasele T-34. Udluliselo kwakhona abolekwe imodeli. isantya Good kunye uphume phezu kwamanzi abanothando Jets ngamanzi. Ngezi zinto emanzini itanki PT-76 njani ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki ukoyisa amachibi, yimimango elinamatyholo.

Ziphawuleka ephantsi ezithile yezihlangu uxinzelelo emhlabeni, usisiqinisekiso kwindawo umatshini lula elinamanzi ngamandla. combat emanzini baba compact ngakumbi lula ukuba agcine, kwaye kwakhona safumana absorbers kukothuka ngamanzi basebenzisane ngamnye bar torsion zokumiswa. Ezi iindawo zinika ukuphucula ubuchule ngobuqhophololo ndakumandisa ingami isantya. I-PT-76 itanki engenasigxina C 60 bexhobile kunye nenkqubo yokhuseleko NBC zokucima umlilo oluzenzekelayo. Technology kuye kwaba ezigqwesileyo ngenkani imingcelele uluhlu iikhilomitha ukuya ku-500.

kokulungiswa

Ngenxa wokuqwalaselwa matshini sakhulula kokulungiswa ezimbalwa. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Le modeli nge 76 mm umpu D-56TM nge gumbi kabini ekhaleni wayaphula. Ukongeza, yena umkhabi, unomathotholo lwangaphakathi, njengombono wasebusuku, isixhobo thermal protivodymovoe. Ukuphakama kwenye yezindlu linyuke ngemilimitha-13. uphuculo Unyaka - 1957.
2. itanki yala maxesha PT-76B ngesi-1959. Lixhotyiswe ngesixhobo biplanar D-56TS, ukuzinza isixhobo STF-2P, ufakelo umoya kunye izihluzi. Xa version kamva lifakwe giropolukompas.
3. Ngowe-1967, itanki ifakwe phantsi ingqalelo izinga lotshintshiselwano PKT umatshini gun, inkqubo intercom P-123. Le moto kwinkonzo kwi Intelligence lweSizwe kunye Marine Corps.
4. Ngenxa ye-PT-76 wadala vehicles abasebenzi yenethiwekhi izindululi BTR-50 kwiinkqubo enomjukujelwa "Luna", inkqubo wethu ukuba isentimitha ur-67.

anika umdla

Yokuqala kakhulu last zomkhosi PT-76 zabanjwa ngoMatshi 69 kunyaka e Vietnam. Iqela izithuthi elinambini nabakhi nabasebenzi vehicles ehlasela American isiseko e Ben Het ukuba atshabalalise ibhetri gun. Head of PT-76 ibetheke am, kodwa abasebenzi ayikho ngaphandle ucwangco kwaye baqhubeka zomlilo. Ezi zithuthi ezishiyekileyo wangena kokuyaphula zazithi- "Patton" kanye pair koomatshini self-ngokwaso anti-moya. Le ilahleko omabini, kodwa ukuhlasela zange kuqhubeka emva kokuba yokulahlekelwa kwamatanki amabini kunye nabasebenzi vehicles othwala enye.

Xa Ekuveleni komnyaka 65th, India wajika USSR uncedo ukunika ukhuseleko nxamnye ehlasela of Pakistan kunokwenzeka. izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, nebhetshi yokuqala ka-Indiya ifumene 65 th zasehlotyeni. lizwe lilonke waba regiments ezimbini kwezi matshini ezingama-90 iikopi.

NgoSeptemba 1965 iqela PT-76 njengenxalenye seSixhenxe webutho of the Pakistanis umatshini Indian wayithimba wahlasela elalini. Ngenxa yoko, utshaba yakwazi ukuba ukubetha ngaphandle, ukulahlekelwa itanki enye ngesandla sakhe. Ngexesha impi India elahlekileyo inkampani PT-76, ezinye ezo bengamabanjwa Pakistan Army.

Ukuthatha kwezinye ungquzulwano zomkhosi

Phakathi iingxabano edume ebandakanya ingqalelo kumatshini zezi zilandelayo ungquzulwano:

• Imfazwe phakathi India nasePakistan ngo-1971. iintsuku ezilishumi elinesine zokulwa yayidilikile okanye ezonakeleyo 13 PT-76 amatanki, kwaye Pakistanis baye bafa bonke oomatshini abo ayenzima bubuthongo. Yaba enye igalelo elikhulu uloyiso.
• War of 1967 (uSuku ezintandathu) phakathi kweYiputa noSirayeli. AmaYiputa kwi isixhobo eso ndimncinile izithuthi 29. Noko ke, baye kusetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo. Ngenxa yoko, iiyunithi ezimbini wabatshabalalisa 7 - iphoswe. Imifuziselo indebe izrailtsy ngokutsha efakiweyo kuzo iingalo yaseMelika.
• I-Yom Kippur War ngo-1973 Kwaba khona yi-PT-76 kwicala eYiputa amaSirayeli.
• Ukongeza, imoto bathatha inxaxheba kwiimfazwe yesiYugoslav kunye ngxabano e Chechnya.

Ekupheleni

Ngoku PT-76 ukukhanya itanki nasezweni kunye BTR-50 - enkulu kwaye akufuneki "ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise". Xa USSR ukuba zikhutshwe yenkonzo ngo-1967. oomatshini kunjalo kuyekiswa ndizuze udumo kuMbindi Mpuma kwaye isetyenziswa ngenkuthalo. Kuba ngexesha layo, le ndlela ibonakalise ukuba yimpumelelo enkulu kakhulu, kokubini kumhlaba kunye namanzi.

kwamatanki Ukukhanya emanzini ngenkuthalo kumazwe angaphandle ukuya kumazwe Pact, kwakunye nakumazwe amaninzi pro-Soviet Afrika kunye nomzantsi-mpuma. cars Trophy zaseYiputa yala maxesha iinjineli bakwaSirayeli, yaye China yakhululwa analog yayo phantsi kophawu "Uhlobo-63".