Peter Klodt nomkroli: biography kunye nemisebenzi

Genius nomkroli Klodt Pet Karlovich ukususela ebuntwaneni wayefuna ukuba abe isosha. A umsebenzi okhethiweyo. Waza waqalisa ukufunda ngaphandle abafundisayo. Kanti ke, ngokuyalelwa iimeko, iye yaba Foundry lokuqala-class. Yaba nguye lowo wanika umfutho kuphuhliso le art.

Wenza noziqulathe-zasekhaya ukuziphatha Animal ...

Family empini zamafa

UPyotr Karlovich Klodt, engobomi siya kuxelela abafundi kweli nqaku, wazalwa eSt Petersburg ngowe-1805. Klodt intsapho kwa- zomkhosi zamafa. Eli gama sasihlupheka kakhulu, kodwa amanene. Ngenxa yoko, ukhokho, lo nomkroli inxaxheba emNtla Imfazwe yayigqalwa enye amanani abadumileyo ezo amadabi. Pope uPetros wayenayo kuye emkhosini. Walwa ingxokolo kukaNapoleon kwi Patriotic kwiMfazwe ka-1812 kwaye eyesibini injengele yomkhosi. Mfanekiso lwakhe ngxi Hermitage igalari.

Xa wazalwa uPetros, uyise wafumana umsebenzi omtsha waza wakhokelela kwekomkhulu Yahlula Siberia Corps. Ngoko ke, lo ubutsha le sculpture elizayo kwenzeka eOmsk.

Kungenxa kulo mzi eSiberia lunxano kwakhe kwacaca ukuba ukupeyinta, befaka kunye nangokukrola. Xa wayeneminyaka elishumi, yena ombiwe amahashe iinkuni. Kwezi izilwanyana, wabona kananjalo -ngenxa nanto.

Ubukhulu becala, le craze iye yaluphumelela Peter amadodana endaweni kayise. Yena wamgxotha amahashe iphepha umkhosi, leyo ombiwe amakhadi okudlala. Emva koko, xa kunokwenzeka nomkroli elizayo usoloko wazama ukuba basike izilwanyana.

Ngowe-1822 intloko-ntsapho wafa, kunye nosapho lwakhe kwangoko wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele kwikomkhulu wasentla.

emkhosini

Ekubeni lusungulo Klodt oselula baba zomkhosi, elinesixhenxe, uPetros wagqiba ukubhalisa kwi-School of zokudubula. Ngeliphandle, eli xesha ebomini le nomkroli yaziwa kancinane kakhulu. Yena elinesixhenxe xa waba ngodaba. Ke, kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ukuba wonyuselwa isikhundla sokuba kwibhanile.

Ngaloo mihla, xa waba nexesha ezamahala, wafunda amahashe - ukubona ukuziphatha kwabo, imikhwa, babesima ... Ngamafutshane, wafunda ezi izilwanyana zifundo zobugcisa. Akazange abe utitshala kodwa enye indalo. Waqhubeka ukuzibandakanya azonwabisa zabo abazithandayo - amanani epeyintiweyo okanye eqingqiweyo.

Ngowe-1827 Klodt, sele sombutho yaphosa inkonzo ngenxa yokugula. Ukususela ngoko, uye ingqalelo kuphela umsebenzi wakhe.

sokuzithandela Academy

Iminyaka emibini, igosa owayesakuba wayenza imikrolo kuphela. Yena, njengokuba ngaphambili, ukusebenza kunye nendalo, khuphela imisebenzi yamandulo neyanamhlanje zobugcisa. Xa enye yazo iintloko isithsaba wamnika uMlawuli omkhulu Nicholas I bana rider kweenkuni. Njengoko lo mlawuli wayeyoliswa kakhulu "zokudlala" ezinjalo, wayalela ukufumana umbhali abanetalente. Ngenxa yoko, uPetros Klodt waye kwi Winter Palace, yaye emva kokuba ababukeli kunye umlawuli waba ntliziyo Academy of Arts. Kwakhona waqalisa ukufumana kunye nezibonelelo ngemali. Yaba 1829 th-.

Ukususela ngelo xesha wanika nomkroli ngokwakhe ngokupheleleyo kubugcisa. Waqalisa ukuya iintetho, bahlangana abantu ezitsha zobuciko ukopishe Umfanekiso amabhotwe iimyuziyam, yaye waqhubeka ukuba imlungisele imifanekiso zamahashe kunye Hussars. Kwenzeka ukuba, kule 30, aba "zokudlala 'yakhe ngokoqobo bethengisa okwe kuku ezishushu. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba lo mfanekiso ngomthi Klodt ihonjiswe ngexesha le kwedesika ukumkanikazi. Ngokufutshane, italente kunye unyamezelo ke nomkroli uya ngokuqinisekileyo kuzisa iingenelo zokwenene. Kwaye kwangoko kunokuba kulindelwe creator abaselula kakhulu.

Njengoko zootitshala the Academy, abo bangenakucikideka umsebenzi wakhe ngandlela zonke ukuba aphumelele. Kodwa umqeqeshi ngqo ngumphulaphuli oselula Umphathi ziko I. Martos. Yaba nguye lowo wamazisa endlwini yakhe ...

Umtshato ku nomtshana Umphathi kaThixo

Eneneni, uPetros Klodt, ogama biography lizele iziganeko umdla, waba lundwendwe rhoqo endlwini ka Martos. Emva kwethutyana, wada wafuna ukutshata intombi Umphathi. Kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke. Kodwa yena waqala ukuba mnandi ukuba nomtshana wakhe. Juliana Spiridonov - linjalo igama lakhe. Kamva, waba ngumfazi othembekileyo iindwendwe onothando. lomtshato wabo kwenzeka ngo-1832.

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, kusapho Klodt wabonakala yindlalifa - Michael. Kumashumi eminyaka kamva, waba igcisa odumileyo kakhulu, yaye ngamaxesha athile wasebenza amazwe.

Umyalelo Urhulumente yokuqala

Emva komtshato, Peter Klodt (nomkroli) lifumene umyalelo karhulumente yokuqala. Sithetha kuyilo oqingqiweyo yeSango Narva, nto leyo kwikomkhulu emantla. Company yena nayo abantu zokudala ezifana V. Demuth-Malinovsky kunye Pimenov. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba nomkroli amadodana ngenene akukho amava kwimisebenzi omkhulu, wakwazi yakhiwe ukuhluma koyisa. Xa arch eliphezulu sele kwasekwa amahashe ezintandathu ekuhamba kuyo inqwelo uthixokazi Udumo Klodt (nomkroli, umdali le wobugcisa) nje kuphela kukhuselwe nguzwilakhe Russian, kodwa udumo ehlabathini lonke.

Ukongeza, emva njengoloyiso enjalo zomdali oneminyaka engama-28 ubudala self-wafundisa waba academician of the Academy of Arts. Kwakhona, waba unjingalwazi imikrolo, nangaphandle umvuzo, waqala ukufumana ipension ngonyaka kakhulu. Waza wanikwa indawo eliphangaleleyo kunye studio ...

Ukusuka Admiralty Boulevard ku Anichkov Bridge

Xa Klodt babesebenza uyilo kwiSango Narva, wafumana omnye umyalelo evela kurhulumente. Kufuneka ukudala amaqela amabini eqingqiweyo. Ngokwesi sicwangciso, baya ayivathise pier Admiralty Boulevard. Igama kubo - "The Ukudambisa wehashe."

Peter Klodt wakwazi ukuvelisa eziyimifuziselo zale projekthi waza wayithimba kule Akhademi ingqalelo. Buchopho baba ngaphezu abanelisekanga umsebenzi nomkroli abanetalente, kwaye kwagqitywa ekubeni ukwenza lo umyalelo ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa njengokuba Klodt waqhubeka ukusebenza malunga nokuqulunqwa kwenqaku kwiSango Narva, kwafuneka ukuba ikhefu emsebenzini "abaphatha". Emva kwexesha elithile, xa iprojekthi yokuqala wagqitywa, lo nomkroli wabuyela ingoma elidlulileyo.

Ngoku, ke, wacela ukuba ukubeka sculpture ayikho i-Admiralty Boulevard yaye Bridge Anichkov.

Isibakala sokuba esi sakhiwo ekuqaleni wokuweza ngomthi, ngoko - ilitye. Ibhulorho enokuthenjwa, kodwa elimxinwa kakhulu kuba abakhulu. Nicholas I yena wayeqonda ukuba ngokutsha iyafuneka. Kwaye kule klodtovskie mzekelo "Horse Tamers" wayeza kuba apha ngeendawo. Ngokufutshane, umsebenzi onjalo anike ibhulorho jonga mihla kakhulu. Ngenxa ngokutsha ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-1840.

Kodwa phambi kokuba iqela lokuqala "abaphatha 'wayekulungele yaye elinde ukuba casters umyalelo ukuphosa umsebenzi wobugcisa nangobhedu. Kodwa ke intloko Vladimir Ekimov casthouse Academy, wafa ngesiquphe, eshiya akukho, ngelishwa, ezihlangwini zakhe ...

uCaster

Ngaphandle kokuba onjalo ekubunjweni zeengcali professional akuzange kube lula kwaphela. Kodwa ukuqonda zonke izicwangciso efanayo, Klodt wagqiba ekubeni liliso ukuphunyezwa kwale misebenzi. kwezakhono ingakumbi Foundry azifundiswe xa esikolweni yamajoni kunye neAkhademi.

Ngelo xesha yena ingqalelo kuphela nomkroli ogqibeleleyo kakuhle ukulahlwa art. Ngoko wavuka kunikezo ukuphatha yonke eyadini eyahlulayo. Kakade ke, yena wala. Ngoko okokuqala kwimbali ubuciko nomkroli, lowo akabanga imfundo efanelekileyo, waqalisa ukukhokela workshop efanayo.

Ngu th 1841 Klodt sele wavelisa ezimbini Ukwakhiwa yobhedu waza waqalisa ukulungiselela esi sibini lokugqibela eqingqiweyo eyahlulayo.

Kodwa ekupheleni kukaNovemba kulo nyaka oko kwavula Bridge Anichkov, emva kokubuyiselwa. Iqela lobhedu Ready ezibe iziseko zebhanki lasekunene Fontanka, kwaye ekhohlo - udaka ziyazalana ...

History ngezipho

Ngowe-1842 kuye kwenziwa ngokwenza isibini lokugqibela. Noko ke, abazange baye kwi-Bridge Anichkov. Isibakala sokuba uNicholas I wabiza nomkroli. Uthe ke yena wayefuna ukuya kubhiyozela indalo Klodt. Nangenxa ke, uye wagqiba ukunika sculpture ngobhedu le uKumkani Prussia Friedrich UWilhelm IV.

Ngenxa yoko, Klodt waya Berlin. Bronze wawongwa isipho yookumkani Prussia. Emva koko lo sculpture efakiweyo kufuphi yesango ephambili Imperial Palace. William, Noko ke, wawungekho ematyaleni. Wabeka Klodt diamond neengcedevu ibhokisi wamthamsanqelisa uMyalelo kunayo Red Eagle.

Emva kokubuyela kwakhe eSt Petersburg ke kwakhona waqala ukubakhupha "nokusingatha." Kodwa ke eli xesha, esi sibini akazange ukuya khona kwakho, ekubeni ngelo xesha tyelelo North Palmyra waye inganga Two Sicilies uFerdinand II. nguzwilakhe Russian kwabonisa saseSisili indalo savela Klodt. Ngenxa yoko, uFerdinand wayethanda indlela wabaza uPetros Klodt, waza wacela ukuba ayise sibini. Kwaba njalo. pair Bronze nomkroli ibekwe Naples, kwaye ubungqondi umdali wawongwa omnye umyalelo.

Ngeliphandle, kukho iikopi zale efanayo eRashiya. Umzekelo, kwi Golitsyns estate Petrodvorets.

Umphezulu bobuchule

Ngoko ke, ngo-1846 igcisa yokuqala kwakhona uphose sculpture baze bagqiba yonke nokwakheka. Le nkqubo, enyanisweni, sahlala iminyaka emine. Kwaye ngo-1850 udaka ziyazalana zisuswe ibhulorho, yaye indawo yazo ukwakha sibalo yobhedu. Ngaloo ndlela Clodt (nomkroli) Anichkov ibhulorho ekugqibeleni kugqitywa abulale. Imisebenzi yathatha amashumi amabini. A inkosi yonke lomculo wazisa impumelelo ibonwe.

Kakade ke, emva kokuba "abaphatha" Klodt wadala kunye nezinye eqingqiweyo. Noko ke, ngokutsho abathandi ubugcisa, "Anichkova amahashe" na luvuthondaba komsebenzi womzobi.

isiqabu imitha-70

P. Klodt (nomkroli) aqhubeka ukusebenza kwi-odolo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo lombuso. Omnye wabo - ngokutsha kwekhaya ezisemthethweni Palace Marble. Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi kucingelwa ukuba kumgangatho yonke emhlabeni inikwa izitali kunye umzimba, nto leyo iya emyezweni, iya kuba sisikolo eso ekukhweleni. Ngako oko, ngenxa umhombiso isiqabu imitha-70 sadalwa, leyo kuthiwa "worse kwi wokunceda umntu." Umbhali Klodt. Kulo msebenzi nomkroli kuye zazibonisa imeko balawule amahashe, abahambahambayo kuzingela imizobo, amadabi mahashe ...

Umsebenzi kakhulu banokuqonda

Ukusuka neminye imifanekiso wizard bahluke ilitye lesikhumbuzo Ivan Krylov. Khumbula fabulist yodumo hayi ngo-1844. yayibonakala ekufeni kwakhe entabeni ethandwayo. Kunyaka olandelayo, ngenxa oolindixesha, kwabhengezwa ukubhaliswa ngokuzithandela ezinxulumene ukufakelwa lesikhumbuzo ukuze Krylov. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, imali efunekayo sele iqokelelwe, kwaye Academy of Arts ubhengeze ukhuphiswano ezifanelekileyo phakathi abakroli. Ngenxa yoko, umnqobi kwakuba Klodt.

Ekuqaleni, wayecebe ukuba benze indlela izithethe zamandulo. Kodwa ekugqibeleni wadala umfanekiso umzobo echanekileyo ngokwenene.

Ngowe-1855 yobhedu isikhumbuzo Krylov yasekwa kwi-Garden Summer. Fabulist baboniswa ejikelezwe yi menagerie zabalinganiswa iintsomi zakhe. Umsebenzi ngezi imifanekiso yanceda inkosi yemizobo A. Agin, enibe wazekelisa umbongo "Imiphefumlo Abafileyo" Gogol kaThixo.

Ngokubanzi, oku lesikhumbuzo iye kakhulu ngokusuka entliziyweni kunye nomsebenzi enzulu Klodt.

lesikhumbuzo umxhasi

Emva kwexesha elithile, loo nomkroli Klodt (imisebenzi yakhe baziwa kude ngaphaya Russia) iqalisa wokugqibela imisebenzi yakhe. Sithetha lesikhumbuzo ukuze uNicholas I.

Ngokubanzi bonke ubomi ezinobuchule wegcisa kwabanjwa nguzwilakhe, phantsi kwabakhweli lakhe ngqo. Ngoko ke, ngubani kusalisa kwinkumbulo obhedu kuye? Klodt kuphela.

Ngenxa yoko, ulwakhiwo eyaziwa iposelwe creator column Alexandria Monferrand. Kodwa sculpt lo mfanekiso kwaye sikwazi uphoswe Klodt kuphela.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1857 i-tab yokuqala lesikhumbuzo yenziwa inkosi kunyaka olandelayo sele iqalile ukuphosa lobhedu umfanekiso oqingqiweyo samahashe ukumkani. Ngelishwa, xa inkqubo bephosa sibange, yaye ngenxa yokuba kukho inani iinxalenye mzobo zaye awuzali.

Ngowe-1859-m wathabatha eyahlulayo yesibini. Eli xesha ke ngaphezu ngempumelelo.

Nakuba kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba ahlangule oqingqiweyo ukusuka kumasifundisane kwisiza kufakelo, kwakuyimfuneko ukuba atyhudise kwenye yeendonga. Akukho iingxaki ezininzi bengasekho.

Kodwa ngoJuni waloo nyaka, ilitye yatyhilwa * kuKhesare. Lo msebenzi uhombiso wenyaniso kuphela Square St. bakaIsake, kodwa umsebenzi wobugcisa zobugcisa yehlabathi.

nokwakheka

Ukongeza kwimisebenzi ngqo, Klodt Pet Karlovich, ogama ekroliweyo baziwa ehlabathini lonke, luyile iincwadi zoqeqesho iitalente abatsha yale Akhademi. Ngoko, kwi banesifo, waphoswa nangobhedu edume "walala umzimba." Ngamanye amazwi, le komzimba womuntu, eyasekwa kunye inxaxheba enye oonjingalwazi komzimba. Kungekudala emva koko, i-wizard kudala yaye "Anatomy ehasheni."

Ukufa ngesiquphe inkosi

nomkroli brilliant wayengekho ukuwa 1867. Ukufa ngesiquphe bafumanana kwi dacha yakhe eFinland. Bathi kwi yokugcina nomkroli yobomi bakhe Klodt (imisebenzi yakhe ingqalelo yobuciko), njengesiqhelo, ulisike amanani.

Klodt wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni yamaLuthere ukuba ikomkhulu emantla. Yaye ngowe-1936, uhlala inkosi bafudukela Necropolis amagcisa. Ngelo xesha nye wamisela ilitye elitsha.

Emangcwabeni amaLuthere wahlala phantse zonke izihlobo zonke nomkroli, kuquka umfazi wayo. Ngelishwa, Klodt yabangcwele elingenakungcibeka zatshatyalaliswa ...