Peanuts - eyayi okanye bean? Ka kukhule yamandongomane?

Peanuts ukhule Native American kudala ngaphambi kokuba yafunyanwa ngama Columbus H .. EYurophu kwaziswa yi conquistadors iSpanish, emva koko yaphinda yathandwa omkhulu. ebizwa ngokuba "peanuts" ziye ukuba abe yinxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngaba ngokwenene enjalo? Yintoni peanuts - eyayi okanye imidumba sembotyi? Masiqonde, yaye kwangaxeshanye bafunde ukukhula njani kwi igadi yabo, kuba ngenene.

Yintoni yamantongomane?

Phantsi owanikwa igama uhlobo ezidibeneyo izityalo imidumba, oquka malunga 70 iintlobo ekuthelekelelwa. Imvelaphi elithi "peanuts" mhlawumbi uye iingcambu lesiGrike, lithetha eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "isigcawu" kwaye unxulunyaniswa ipateni igridi iziqhamo. Rhode ezi zityalo kuba usapho ezinemidumba , okanye ibhabhathane, kunye neziqhamo zawo, ke, yaziwa ngokuba sembotyi okanye pod. Yena జాబితా IiNkcukacha imbewu kulo amalungiselelo emgceni. Nantso impendulo ngokupheleleyo umbuzo yamandongomane - eyayi okanye bean imidumba. Kuyinto ngokuqinisekileyo iimbotyi. Okwangoku, ngaphandle kwe Umzantsi Melika yaziwa ngokuba uhlobo enye kuphela - yamantongomane. Lo mzi-mveliso kulinywa ngokubonakalayo kulo lonke ihlabathi, eMelika, Asia naseYurophu. kwemveliso obukhulu kuyafikelelwa kwaSirayeli.

Butter (namandongomane): Inkcazo

Kuyinto isityalo yonyaka ukuphakama ukusuka ngeesentimitha-25 ukuya kuma-70. Inkqubo iingcambu na isakhiwo ebalulekileyo kunye eyayizalwa ngokwaneleyo. Isiqu peanut-lubangelwe 4-5, pubescent okanye ze. amasebe lateral ngokuxhomekeke ezahlukeneyo ukuze tye (imilo lomhlaba ecandelo) okanye ezirhubuluzayo. Indawo ngamagqabi komnye, ubude ezahlukeneyo -. Cm-3 ukuya 10 paripinnate, mbini, side sisinge. Stipules tho kunye petiole. Iintyatyambo yamantongomane kunokuba otyheli-ezibomvu okanye ezimhlophe, behlangene elifutshane uhlobo yokudubula brush.

Kutheni peanuts zibizwa ngokuba namandongomane?

On le ngxoxo ukuba yamandongomane ezinjalo - eyayi okanye yembotyi nemidumba, impendulo sele inikiwe. Kodwa ke umbuzo yindlela baba elizweni, xa oko off. Peanuts - isityalo emangalisayo, yaye le nto bubungqina kwalo. Kweentyatyambo buhlala lonke ixesha malunga ngemini. Xa kwenzeka kokukhulelwa, le nkqubo iqala ginofora ukukhula (izalelwe le isitya). Yena ngcembe elide kunye imingxuma yamaqanda emhlabeni, apho yenziwa ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso iimbotyi kunye ekukhuleni kwayo. izityalo kweentyatyambo minye kangangethuba elide, iqala ngoJuni kwaye sihlala kude ekwindla. Enye isityalo ukuvelisa ukuya iimbotyi-40.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba akhule peanuts kwi sayithi yakho?

Umbuzo of ukukhula njani peanuts, avele, evela beelori kunye namafama rhoqo kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba wonke umntu ufuna ukuba kwindawo yabo into ebangel 'umdla, ukuba bathi exotic. Mafia uyazi, uthando kunye ikhula abaninzi. Ngoko nantso peanuts - kwalo isalamane osenyongweni, ukhangele nje ufana naye, kodwa ubuchule kwakhona kwezolimo kanye nje lula. Imfuneko engundoqo kukuba ezishushu zasehlotyeni. Butter thermophilic kakhulu, yaye ukuba ubushushu iwela ngaphantsi 15, ngoko ke ukukhula phantse ime. Isigqibo malunga nokuba ufanele abe kufanelekile ukuba bakuthathele ingqalelo kulo mba. Ukuba ukuhla elifutshane elide lobushushu, ezindimeni masivalwe ngokupheleleyo kukho izinto ezizodwa okanye ifilimu. Peanuts kukhula nemiqathango kwimimandla ekumzantsi kulula kwaye elula, kule leyini eliphakathi kwakhona kunokwenzeka, kodwa ke kuya kufuneka xa ukunika indawo okwexeshana, kwi Urals kunye eSiberia emhlabeni evulekileyo inzima kancinci, kodwa ukuba ihlobo kushushu kakhulu, oko alunakuqinisekiswa.

Ngamanye amaxesha peanuts ezilinywa ekhaya, nto leyo nayo eyamkelekileyo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba azifumane ekuvuneni enkulu. Imbewu zingathengwa evenkileni okukhethekile okanye peanuts rhoqo kwi emarikeni, kodwa ukuba iqokobhe. Khetha imbiza ayikho nzulu kakhulu, kodwa ngokubanzi. Umhlaba kuhle ukusebenzisa yentengo, musa ukulibala emazantsi epanini kumthulula umaleko eedreyini.

Umhlaba amantongomane

Amalungu peanuts sodidi - iimbotyi, kwaye bonke uthando ukukhanya, umhlaba ochumileyo kunye ngovo-ngovo. Umhlaba kufuneka ube amanzi amileyo. peanuts Indawo ukhetha elanga, akuyi kukhula emthunzini, isityalo ilanga-ngothando kakhulu.

Ukutyala amandongomane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, xa umhlaba lihlabe ukuya kutsho ubuncinane kwi-15 (ngaphaya kwesiqingatha sesibini Meyi) °. Elukhukweni ukwenza una ubunzulu uzilungiselele ka-10 cm, uwabeke ngendlela uvalo kummandla malunga ne30-50 cm., Too, kufuneka indawo enkulu phakathi kwemiqolo (25-30 cm) ukuze izityalo kunye ekusasazeni kunye inkqubo ingcambu.

nokulungiselela imbewu

Imbewu phambi kokutyala na kufuma iiyure 12-24 phambi pipping. Phambi kokutyala, amanzi umngxuma, wamfaka kuwo iimbumbulu amabini okanye amathathu aze afefe emhlabeni. Izithole ivele ngokukhawuleza, zikhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ezikwiingingqi apho emthonjeni okanye elide epholileyo, kakhulu, uyakwazi ukubeka namandongomane netumata. Growing indlela isithombo kunokwenzeka. Amantongomane kufuneka zifakwe emanzini, azinxibe ukuya kubunzulu malunga-5 cm ngeembiza ezincinane (8-10 cm ubude). Oku kufuneka ukuba ibe malunga ekuqaleni okanye phakathi Epreli.

Ukunkcenkceshela kwaye bondle isichumiso

Peanuts ziyivela kakhulu ukufuma kwemfuneko emhlabeni nomoya, a swi ndiyayithanda. Ngako oko, ngokwemiqathango kunkcenkceshelo elula ngokwaneleyo. Kwanele olova yokunyakamisa umhlaba kanye ngeveki, ukuba bekukho iimvula, awufuni ukwenza oku. izityalo abadala inkcenkceshelwa kuphela kwimeko nehlobo eyome kakhulu, yaye emva koko kuphela de kufike ixesha zamaqanda wenkukhu emhlabeni.

Amantongomane iphendula kakuhle kwisicelo izichumisi kwezimbiwa. Kungcono ukudibanisa kuwo umhlaba kwinkqubo ukumba izingqengqelo kunye nezixhobo. Sebenzisa amalungiselelo ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukukhathalela amantongomane

Ukwazi ukuba akhule ngayo peanuts kwi cottage yakhe zasehlotyeni, ungasoloko ufumana isityalo encinane amantongomane okunesondlo. Isiko nabalulamileyo kakhulu kwaye kulula-neendlela zokulima. Care ukuba kweentyatyambo kwaye ukuyilwa iziqhamo ilele becala ngexesha nokuhlakula emandlalweni ukhula kwaye bezikhulule kunye nomhlaba.

A isici esasenza yamantongomane ukuba esezansi yayo ivuthuluke kusasa iphuphe yi ngokuhlwa, ngelo xesha sele ezimvumvuzelwa, kuphela phantsi kwale meko kwasekwa iziqhamo. Xa amaqanda kancane phantsi kungcwaba emhlabeni, ungenza ukubamba hilling yokuqala. Njani oku kwenziwe, wonke umntu uyazi umntu kule ndawo siyakhula iitapile. Le nkqubo iphindiwe izihlandlo eziliqela ngexesha lonyaka njengoko kuyimfuneko.

imbewu peanut, kwakunye amahlumelo ayo abaselula ukuze babe ngamaxhoba lula iintaka kwaye kucetyiswa ukuba okokuqala okanye izityalo inshorensi igridi yokhuselo, okanye kwi Zinjengonomgogwana egadini ukoyikisa.

ukuvuna

Inyaniso ukuba lixesha lokuba kuvuna iziqhamo yamandongomane, uya kwaziswa yellowing kwaye yome amagqabi kunye nezikhondo kwezityalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka ekwindla, phakathi ku-Septemba. Bush kufuneka khendimbe ngenyameko, kuhle ukusebenzisa nezeefolokhwe. Roots wahlukana likhaba ayikho imfuneko. Izityalo ngobunono vuthululani emhlabeni, woma kwaphela. Kufuneka ukuba hung okanye batwabulule phezu kwindawo eyomileyo kwindawo kakuhle umoya oko igumbi esifumileyo. kweentsuku ezilishumi emva koko, ungenza ngokukhuselekileyo lokwahlula peanuts kwi iqokobhe isityalo owomileyo. Fruits kusafuneka ezinye ixesha ize koma. Iqokobhe kufuneka ekugqibeleni ayoma aze abe ezingcakacileyo-ethe. Wena ke ukucatshulwa nati. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo bume echanekileyo lwezolimo kunye etyholweni peanut nga kuqokelela ukuya ku-500 g ye-iziqhamo.

Ukuba safumana impendulo yombuzo yamandongomane - eyayi okanye yembotyi pods, unako ngokukhuselekileyo ithathwe ukulima yayo. Ukufuya izixhobo elula kakhulu kwaye kakhulu iinzame kunye nexesha akayi kubangela. Kodwa kungakanani na uvuyo kwezityalo zakhe zakhula.