Njengoko uyandisa omfisi. Indlela ukwandiswa kumila Vyatka amahlathi

UFern. Le isityalo rumor ethandwayo iye amandla omlingo. Kukholelwa ukuba kanye ngonyaka, ngobusuku Ivan Kupala, ungabona indlela esi sityalo esezansi. Kaloku, ukuba uyakwazi ukufumana kwaye chola omfisi intyatyambo - eziya ukuqonda ulwimi izilwanyana neentaka, luya kufumana clairvoyance kwaye uya kwazi apho ubutyebi obufihliweyo.

Ngelishwa, kweentyatyambo omfisi kunokwenzeka kuphela kwilivo kunye iintsomi. Enyanisweni, yefeni ziyazala yi imbewu kwaye musa okwentyatyambo ngonaphakade. Kukuba yemfuza zethu, izazinzulu ziya kukwazi ukuwela rose okanye ezinye iintyatyambo yefeni azise iintlobo zezityalo entsha, sele benawo ubuchule okwentyatyambo. Loko kanye kuzaliseke esi siprofeto - indoda ngokwenene abe ulwimi ingenazo izityalo, kwaye uya kufumana i butyebi bukhulu lwamaxabiso. Enyanisweni, ukuba akukho ukukhangela ukuba kwaye kufuneka. Ubutyebi wangcwatyelwa ngokwethu - na ulwazi kunye umnqweno uluntu luyazi imithetho yendalo kunye nobomi.

UFern - isityalo indala ehlabathini

Iifeni on Earth eyayikho kwiminyaka yezigidi-40 eyadlulayo. Kakade ke, ekuqaleni bahlukile kakhulu ukusuka ngendaleko edlulileyo leekopi, ngoku kuvele kwiplanethi yethu eluhlaza. iifeni yakudala ubukhulu enkulu futhi ofana ngakumbi imithi ngaphezu apha ezityalweni. Kodwa ngoku, kukho iintlobo ukuba abize yefeni, zahlukile kangangokuba, oko kwenza kuphela imilo sheet kunye nendlela yokuzala. Kule mihla, zezityalo, izazinzulu ube ngaphezu kwama-10 amawaka iintlobo zezityalo ezingaqhelekanga.

Le ndawo ukukhula elikhulu kumila. iintlobo ezininzi ukhetha amahlathi kunye marshland. Ezinye iintlobo zezityalo zifumaneka ezintabeni, apho iingcambu zabo usabambelele ukuba mqolomba rock. Kukho kumila ukuba angaphila ezinkqantosini ngokoma.

Kukho kwakhona zezo akhula ekunene iyasetyenzelwa. Kwithuba elide we izityalo bebeziqhelanisa ebomini kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu.

Njani na ngokuzala kwezityalo endalweni

Ukuze ufunde izalana njani omfisi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela igqabi phantsi ngemicroscope.

Ukuba ujonga ngokusondeleyo, ezantsi sheet uyakwazi ukubona amaqhuma zimiswe ngokwemigca ngombala emnyama. Bona njengamaqhakuva ezincinane apho abaqolileyo sikuyo. Kunye Imbewu uyandisa yalondolozwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo isityalo. Ngoku uyazi indlela omfisi iphinde izivelise kwakhona. Jonga le sityalo, yemveliso iziqu, kwindalo akunakwenzeka - ukuba ikhona kuphela iintsomi.

bracken omfisi

Igama "bracken" kule iintlobo yefeni ayikho ngengozi - nto leyo efana kakhulu amagqabi ngamaphiko okhozi olukhulu ngayo. bracken amagqabi ukufikelela ukuya ku-1.5 m ububanzi kunye manzi 1 ukuphakama. Eso sityalo izinto amayeza kwimpilo - iqulethe catechins, flavonoids, phytosterols, carotene, riboflavin kunye niacin. Ngoko ke, lisetyenziswa ekuphekeni namayeza.

Ufuna ukwazi indlela Akwandise bracken omfisi ukuba akhule kuyo ekhaya? Indlela elula yokwenza oku ngokukha - ngokumba okanye ngokuthenga isityalo kunye rhizomes qhina obhityileyo. Kuba abohlukeneyo lifanelekileyo entwasahlobo ekuqaleni, kodwa elungileyo singathatha ingcambu kunye omfisi, zilinywe ekupheleni kwehlobo.

Kwakhona iifeni bracken lokuyivelisa yi sikuyo. nokuvuthwa yabo kuyimfuneko ekupheleni kukaJulayi ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Ngeli xesha ungazama ukuphikisa izityalo obtrusit omdala, ndibaphangalalisele kwindawo efumileyo kwi sayithi yakho.

Bracken omfisi nabalulamileyo care - ayifuni ukutyebisa, kulula ukubanyamezela kuneqabaka kunye nokunqongophala ukufuma.

Ukwazi izalana omfisi njani bracken, inokubuyiselwa ngokulula yenyuka icebo lakhe egadini. Isityalo zokuhombisa kakhulu, nabalulamileyo kwaye uyakwazi ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye oku kuye yoyiswa iintliziyo balimi.

Indlela ukwandiswa kumila Vyatka amahlathi

Vyatskie yehlathi. Nature apha eziqala yaye encinane ngaye, ukuba, abantu bakule ndawo, apho lifumaneka "Bigfoot." Ingakumbi enomtsalane alichatshazelwa zokulima yezolimo kodonga lasekhohlo le Vyatka River, apho mmandla kuhlala amadlelo wezandyondyo kunye namahlathi. I-inshorensi imifuno eli isiqwenga somhlaba a multi-tiered kwaye kakhulu zahlukene. Hayi indawo yokugqibela elimfaneleyo kunye kumila.

Ngokufuthi emahlathini Vyatka kukho iintlobo ezinjalo omfisi njengoko Dryopteris, athyrium kunye Pteridium aquilinum.

On lizwe umhlaba rhoqo efumileyo wafumana omfisi fir yonke. Iyamangalisa indlela yefeni lokuyivelisa Vyatka amahlathi: amagqabi omfisi ubuncwane ziqhotyoshelwe kumahlathi nespruce nokukhula ingakhange irwece phantsi. Oku ngakumbi mnyhadala mkhulu ekwindla, xa amagqabi omfisi phezu imvelaphi nemisipres mthubi noluhlaza zenza umtya indalo womluki ethelekelelwayo.

Iindlela andise kumila

Ngomfisi nje kuphela kumila. Eli qela kwezityalo iquka iintlobo ezininzi Horsetail kunye lycopsids. Ngaphandle, zahluke kakhulu enye kwenye, kodwa zonke i amalungu kwezityalo: zokuphuma (amagqabi kunye nezikhondo) kunye neengcambu. Ayavumelana yi yinto yokuba yefeni, horsetails kunye ubulembu club lokuyivelisa ngokukha, imbewu kunye nendlela ngokwesondo.

Ukuba yokuzala kwezityalo iindlela eziyingozi aqhelekileyo noluqondakalayo, ocansini indlela zezityalo andise yaziwa ukuba bonke. Uphuhliso kumjikelo yefeni zenzeka: ukusuka kwisizukulwana ngokwesini maqanda ekhula phezulu, nto leyo inika ubomi isizukulwana ngokwesini.

sizukulwana maqanda sisityalo enamandla kunye amagqabi feathery ziphuhliswe, kunye sex - prothallia encinane, ekhoyo nje ixesha elifutshane. Moss kunye horsetail gaya efanayo izalana omfisi: indlela maqanda kwaye kuthembeke.

kumila isizukulwana maqanda

Iifeni - izityalo ibihlungu ephezulu ezikhulayo ubukhulu becala kwiindawo efumileyo mnyama. Baye amagqabi, iziqu kunye neengcambu. Xa lezikhinkci yefeni, horsetails kunye moss olukhethekile ngelaphu conductive, sifunda izinto.

isizukulwana maqanda - Xa sporophyte sisityalo yegqabi ukuba amalungu ezizodwa ibekwe phezu kwamahlamvu (ama), imbewu kwakheka. Y kunye horsetail akhazimlayo imbewu liyakhula spikelets abayinqobo kwenziwa iincam kumagqabi, y omfisi - in pouches elahliweyo kwicala le-sheet.

esizukulwaneni Sexual kumila

Xa iimeko zivuma, imbewu ikhule ukwenza zarostok - izityalo amancinci isizukulwana ngokwesini, le ebizwa ngokuba yi-gametophyte. Zarostok unomzimba omncinane eluhlaza esityeni, lwathi 1 cm ubukhulu. Kwinxalenye asezantsi apho prothallia rhizoids, apho isityalo encinane imvelaphi inyuselwa khona emhlabeni. Xa prothallia kwakhiwa inkunzi nemazi esini (kunye archegonium antheridia) apho amaqanda kunye amadlozi ziyaphuhliswa. Ekubeni zarostok lanamathela icinezelwe emhlabeni, yabe phantsi amathontsi mbethe namvula. Ngokuba lo sperm manzi "qubha" ukuya amaqanda. Kunye nokudibana yabo kwezichumiso kwenzeka, kwaye ukusuka elilodwa ngenxa bese andise isityalo esitsha, nto leyo ngokukhawuleza ufumana ukukhula, ukuba omfisi enamandla.