Njengoko ekuqaleni ikomkhulu Great Britain? Igama lokuqala lika London kunye ibali imvelaphi yayo

Eyona inkulu isixeko Great Britain ne-European Union - London - yasekwa kwisiqingatha sokuqala AD Ngenkulungwane yoku-1. Yena unembali ende, leyo umdla kuquka ukuqonda iinkqubo ezenzekayo eYurophu yanamhlanje. Ngokomzekelo, bambalwa uyazi ukuba ekuqaleni indlela ikomkhulu UK, wahlala ngayo abantu abaninzi apho kunyaka 400, kwakunye nabemi bayo.

Foundation emzini

Njengoko legend yamandulo, ukuhlala kwisiza nophuculo UK namuhla ekuqaleni ngokuba Troia Nova. Isithethe efanayo imbiza ngunozala engowembewu linguEneya - Iuni of Troy, eyayiphila kwiminyaka 1100th ngaphambi kwexesha lethu. Nakuba kunjalo, abaphandi bakholelwa le nguqulelo zifamanqe ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, njengokuba sisiseko London ebizwa ngokuba ixesha lonyaka 43-th ka xesha lethu, kunye nabaseki - amaRoma ahlasela i-siqithi phantsi umyalelo loMlawuli uKlawudiyo. Ekuqaleni, kwakunzima ilali encinane, ibandakanya ummandla ka-0.8 ubude macala onke. km kwaye elingana kummandla mihla Hyde Park, yaye ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane 2, lwahluma saba likomkhulu lephondo laseRoma Britannia. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uninzi abahlali abasuka kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo yezwekazi Europe.

Njengoko ekuqaleni ngokuba ikomkhulu eBritani

Eyokuqala elaqalisa ngokuphonononga imvelaphi elithi "London", kwaba umfundisi ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezingenamandla ze Galfrid Monmutsky, owayephila ngenkulungwane ye-12. Kwincwadi yakhe "yeembali zookumkani Britain", efanisa kunye negama umlawuli edume ka Luda. Noko ke, abo bafuna ukufunda eyaziwa ngayo ekuqaleni njengoko elikomkhulu Britain, kukuba baqhelane data ezifunyenwe zizazinzulu evela UK ngo-1998, lo unyaka. Ngoko ke, lo yokuqala ekwahlala kwisiza yamanje London wayesaziwa ngokuba Londinium kunye ilizwi mhlawumbi ivela drevnekeltskogo elithi "Plowonida", ezibandakanya iingcambu ezimbini yaseYurophu Indo-"plew" kunye "Nejd", bona bubonakala "ukuba", "ngokungakhatha-" okanye "swimming" yaye "flow." Ngoko ke ilizwi BC Ngenkulungwane yoku-1, kumaCelts amandulo wayeza kumisela icandelo iThames, ekummandla umlomo izibuko ngezantsi Westminster. Ngolwimi lwabo oko kuqala similise "Lundonjon", emva koko yaba Welsh "Lundein", ukusuka apho loans kwabaseRoma baza bathi njengoko Londinium. Kukwakho nenye ingcaciso. Ngokukodwa, abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba igama livela imvelaphi lesiLatini elithi "Lond", igama elithetha "indawo zasendle."

History of Londinium

kwiminyaka eli-18 emva kokusekwa isixeko wahlaselwa umkhosi Queen Boudilli Iceni, awonisa imvukelo anti-Roman emva kokufa komyeni wakhe. IRhuluneli of British Gay Svetony Paulinus, ndisazi ukuba uya kuba nexesha lokulungiselela ukuziphendulela, bakhetha lokurhoxa. Ngenxa yoko, Londinium yatsha phantsi kunye nabemi abulawe. Noko ke, igama lokuqala London Musa iye yanyamalala imephu uBukhosi baseRoma, njengoko sixeko waphila ekupheleni konyaka-100 sele yayilikomkhulu i-UK. Ngaphezu koko, abemi bayo yafikelela kubantu 60 lamawaka, nto leyo eyenza kube ngexesha indawo yokuhlala enkulu kangangoko kwi uBukhosi baseRoma, owayesakha indlu yecawa, ezibhateni zoluntu, amphitheatre kunye Fort ke, waza wabeka isixeko ikampu. iminyaka eli-100 kamva, iBritani yahlulwa ezisezantsi neziphezulu. Likomkhulu wamva waza waba Londinium.

August

Noko ke, Londinium akazange kuphela igama lamandulo London. Inyaniso yokuba kwinkulungwane yesi-4, amaRoma igama kuyo ngo-Agasti. Ngoko ke ukuba uphendule umbuzo njengoko ebememeza ikomkhulu UK ekuqaleni, kwaye kufuneka akhankanye igama. Noko ke, kungekudala emva koko amaRoma banyanzelwa ukuba ushiye le ndawo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku unguYe gama lesiRoma zange unamathele, kunye mbali zeengcali kuphela uyazi ukuba khona kwalo.

London kwinkulungwane 5

Njengoko yaziwa, kwamaRoma zaseBritane Isles yaphela kunyaka 410th. Ngoko ke, ukuba inxalenye yokuqala umbuzo njengoko wayeyalelwe ngokuba likomkhulu i-UK, yaye bangaphi abantu ababehlala apho kunyaka 400, kulula ukuphendula, ngoko okwesibini, kukho iingxaki ezithile. Emva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu phambi kokuba Picts kwaye iScots bafika iindonga Londinium, kodwa Undityhale umva, kwaye kwisithuba seminyaka emine esi sixeko wayenomkhosi omnye kuphela elimgcinayo. Ngenxa yoko, amaRoma abaninzi abazizityebi, kunye nezalamane kwi mpumalanga, aye aqala ukuhamba kuyo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukwehla ngokukhawuleza labemi. isixeko ibhungane waqala brito, kunjalo ukuhlawula abameli zesizwe, yaye abazange bafune ukuba ahlale, yaye ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane 5 Londinium engenanto ngokupheleleyo.

igama London ekuqaleni (xa Anglo-amaSaxons) Yintoni

Lo mmandla ukwakweli lomlambo iThames, ayikwazanga kudala bahlala usakhathazwa. Ayimangalisi into yokuba ekupheleni kweminyaka 400 yeXesha la mazwe kwafika Anglo-amaSaxons. Abazange kuhlala Londinium, nisekelwe isixeko esitsha. Oku kwenzeka kwiminyaka 600, kwaye impendulo echanekileyo lo mbuzo: "wabizwa njani ekuqaleni ikomkhulu iBritane ngethuba Anglo-amaSaxons", uya Lyundenvik. Sele kwinkulungwane 8 yaba liziko yorhwebo emikhulu kunye port, apho bafika iinqanawa ezisuka kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Hi ndlela leyi, kummandla ziingcali Ezolimi qaphela ukuba "Vik" isixeko equlethwe isimamva isihloko linentsingiselo ekhethekileyo. Inyaniso yeyoba, e- Old IsiNgesi lithetha "idolophu market". Elinye igama - Lyundenburg - uvele kunyaka 886th xa Alfred Veliky abandakanyeke ekwenzeni ishiywe Londinium, wayibuyisela iinqaba baseRoma, wakha entsha balenza yinqaba. izibonelelo ezifana ngolwimi Anglo-Saxon ubizwa ngokuba "Burj", ngoko ke igama elitsha liqulathe ufakelelo ngasemva. Lyundenburg, leyo ahlala ummandla City namhlanje of London, ngokukhawuleza yaba sisixeko engundoqo ye mmandla, yaye ekugqibeleni Lyundenvik ekufuphi ibuye ibe yokuhlala encinane namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba Aldwych.

Ngoku uyazi indlela ekuqaleni ngokuba likomkhulu i-UK, waza wahlala apho abantu abaninzi kangakanani kwiinkulungwane zokuqala emva ekusungulweni yayo. Ngoko ungenza kugweba into kukodwa lwenziwe eLondon kule minyaka ili-2,000, ngexesha apho ukususela yokubonisela encinane emkhosini, uye waba esinye sezixeko ngobukhulu emhlabeni.