Ngubani oye wabonisa ukuba uMhlaba ujikeleze? Ngubani ofumanisa ukuba umhlaba ujikeleze

Ubume bomhlaba - wethu uluntu olukhathazekile ixesha elide. Namhlanje, wonke umntwana wesikolo akaqiniseki ukuba iplanethi iyindilinga. Kodwa olu lwazi ludlulela ixesha elide, ludlula icawa i-anathemas kunye neenkundla zeNkundla yokuCandwa kweNkundla. Namhlanje abantu banomdla kubani abafakazela ukuba uMhlaba ujikeleze. Emva koko, imbali kunye nejografi ayibhenkanga kuwo wonke umntu. Masizame ukufumana impendulo kulo mbuzo ozonwabisa.

Ukuvakasha kwimbali

Uninzi lwezenzululwazi lusenza siqiniseke kwingcamango yokuba ngaphambi kokufumanisa okudumiweyo kweMelika nguChristopher Columbus, uluntu lwakholelwa ukuba wayehlala kwiLizwe elincinci. Nangona kunjalo, le ngcamango ayinamanzi ezibini izizathu.

1. Umqhubi omkhulu wemvula wavula ilizwekazi elitsha, kwaye akazange ahambe e-Asia. Ukuba wayenamanxweme enxweme yeIndiya, wayenokubizwa ngokuba ngumntu owafaka ubungqina bomhlaba. Ukufunyanwa kwehlabathi elitsha akusikho ubungqina bemilo ejikelezayo yomhlaba.
2. Ngaphambi kwehambo lohambo lweColumbus, kwakukho abantu abangathandabuzekiyo ukuba iplanethi yayisicaba, kwaye banikela iingxabano zabo njengobungqina. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umqhubi wayeyazi kakuhle imisebenzi yabalobi abathile bexesha elidala, kwaye ulwazi lwabadala bendalo aluzange lulahleke.

Ngaba umhlaba ujikeleze?

Abantu abahlukeneyo baneengcamango zabo malunga nesakhiwo sehlabathi kunye ne-cosmos. Ngaphambi kokuba uphendule umbuzo, ngubani oye wabonisa ukuba uMhlaba ujikelezileyo, kufuneka ufunde nezinye iinguqulelo. Iingcamango zokuqala zezakhiwo zehlabathi zithi ihlabathi lithe cwaka (njengoko libonwa ngabantu). Isisombululo samalungu esezulwini (ilanga, inyanga, iinkwenkwezi) bachaza ngento yokuba yayiyiplanethi yayo eyayisisiseko seCosmos kunye neNkcubeko.

KwiYiputa YaseYiputa, uMhlaba wayemelwe ngediski elele kwiindlovu ezine. Kwaye, bema ehlanjeni elikhulu elintantayo elwandle. Akazange azalwe nguye ofumanisa ukuba umhlaba ujikeleze, kodwa inkolelo yamahlakani kaFaro ingachaza izizathu zokuzamazama komhlaba nokukhukula, ukuphuma kwelanga nokutshona kwelanga.

AmaGrike ayenemibono yabo ngehlabathi. Idiski yasemhlabeni ekuqondeni kwabo yayigubungelwa ngamacandelo asezulwini, apho ayebanjwe khona ngeenkwenkwezi ezingabonakali zenkwenkwezi. Babecinga ukuba inyanga kunye nelanga babe zithixo - uSelene noHelios. Nangona kunjalo kwiincwadi zePankokoek kunye neDreyer, imisebenzi yamandulo yaseGrike yaqokelelwa, eyaphikisana nemibono eyamkelekileyo. U-Eratosthenes no-Aristotle ngabo bafumanisa ukuba umhlaba ujikeleze.

Iimfundiso zaseArabhu nazo zaziwa ngokuba nolwazi oluchanekileyo lweenkwenkwezi. Iitheyibhile ezenziwe ngabo ukunyuka kweenkwenkwezi zichanekile kangangokuthi zaze zaphakamisa ukungathandabuzeki ngokuqinisekileyo. AmaArabhu, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwawo, abangela ukuba uluntu lutshintshe iingcamango malunga nesakhiwo sehlabathi kunye nehlabathi.

Ubungqina bombutho wezitho zulwini

Kuyathakazelisa, yintoni izazinzulu ezikhokelwa yiyo, ukukhanyela ukubonwa kwabantu ababajikelezile? Lowo wabonakalisa ukuba uMhlaba ujikeleze, waqwalasela ukuba ukuba kwakuyi-flat, izikhanyiso zaziza kubonakala ezulwini ukuze wonke umntu abe kunye. Kodwa ekusebenzeni wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba ezininzi iinkwenkwezi ezibonakalayo kwiNayile Valley zingabonakali ngaphezu kweAthens. Usuku olunomlilo kwi-capital yaseGrisi lide kunokuba, umzekelo, e-Aleksandria (le nxu lumene ne-curvature kwimigaqo-ntshona-ntshona nakumazantsi-ntshona-ntshona).

Inzululwazi, oye wabonisa ukuba uMhlaba ujikeleze, uyaphawula ukuba into leyo, ukufuduka kude nenkuthalo, ishiya kuphela inxalenye yayo ebonakalayo (umzekelo, elunxwemeni i-masts yee nqanawa iyabonakala, kwaye ayiyiyo umzimba wayo). Oku kunengqiqo kuphela ukuba iplanethi inebunjwa bhola, kungekhona into ephathekayo. Kwaye uPlato wacinga ingxabano enamandla ngokubaluleka kwebhola yifomu efanelekileyo.

Ubungqina bwanamhlanje boluhlu

Namhlanje sinezixhobo zobuchwepheshe ezingavumelekanga kuphela ukugcina amaqumrhu asezulwini, kodwa nokunyuka esibhakabhakeni size sibone iplanethi yethu ukusuka kwicala. Nazi ezinye izibakala zokuthi ayizicanga. Njengoko uyazi, ngexesha lokuphela kwenyanga, iplanethi eluhlaza ivala ukukhanya ebusuku. Kwaye isithunzi sijikeleze. Kwaye imimandla eyahlukileyo eyenza uMhlaba ithambekele ekuhlaleni, isinika isimo esifanelekileyo.

INzululwazi kunye neCawa

IVatican yavuma ukuba uMhlaba ujikeleze, kungekudala. Emva koko, xa kwakungenakwenzeka ukuphika okucacileyo. Abalobi bokuqala baseYurophu ekuqaleni babenqaba le ngqungquthela njengento eyaphikisana neZibhalo ezingcwele. Ngethuba lokusasazeka kobuKristu, intshutshiso ayizange ilandelwe kwezinye iicawa kunye neenkcubeko zobuhedeni. Bonke oososayensi abaqhuba iimvavanyo ezahlukahlukeneyo, benza iimbono, kodwa babengakholelwa kuThixo omnye, babecingwa njengezonyango. Ngelo xesha, imibhalo yesandla kunye neelayibrari epheleleyo yabhujiswa, iithempelesi kunye neetatu, izinto zobugcisa zatshatyalaliswa. Oobawo Oyingcwele bakholelwa ukuba abantu abayidingi isayensi, kuphela nguYesu Kristu umthombo wobulumko obukhulu, kwaye iincwadi ezingcwele zinolwazi olwaneleyo lobomi. Umbono wezobugovu wesakhiwo sehlabathi kwafunyanwa yicawa njengento engalunganga kwaye eyingozi.

I-Kozma Indicopleust ichaza uMhlaba njengomhlobo webhokisi, phantsi kweyona ndawo yahlala yinqaba, ehlala ngabantu. Isibhakabhaka sasisebenza "njengesibhambathiso", kodwa sasisoloko. Inyanga, iinkwenkwezi kunye nelanga zatshintsha iingelosi kwizulu kwaye zafihla emva kwentaba ephakamileyo. Ngaphezulu kwesi sakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sahlala ubukumkani baseZulwini.

I-geographer ethile engaziwayo esuka eRavenna ichaza iplanethi yethu njengento ephangaleleyo ejikelezwe ulwandle, inkunkuma engapheliyo neentaba, emva kwayo zifihliwe ilanga, inyanga neenkwenkwezi. U-Isidore (uMbhishophu waseSeville) ngo-600 AD akazange akwazi ukulawula isimo somhlaba seMisebenzi yakhe. Insalela yoHloniphekileyo isekelwe kwimisebenzi yePliny, ngoko ke wathi iLanga likhulu kunomhlaba, ukuba ihlobo lombutho, kwaye i-cosmos ayiyiyo yendalo.

Masibhale iziphumo

Ngoko, ukubuyela kuColumbus, umntu unokuthetha ukuba indlela yakhe yayingekelwe kuphela kwi-intuition. Akunqweneli ukunciphisa ukufaneleka komhambi omkhulu, sinokuthi ulwazi lwakhe lufanele luziswe eNdiya. Kwaye uluntu alusayikukhanyela ukuma kwendlu yethu.

Ingcinga yokuqala malunga noMhlaba-mhlaba wachazwa ngumfilosofi ongumGrike u-Eratosthenes, owayesele ekhulwini lesine BC wayilinganisa i-radius yomhlaba. Iphutha lokubala kwakhe laliyingxenye enye kuphela! Wavavanya ukucinga kwakhe uFernand Magellan ngekhulu leshumi elinesibhozo, ehamba nodumo lwakhe lwehlabathi. Ngubani oye wabonisa ukuba uMhlaba ujikeleze? Iingqungquthela yenziwa nguGalileo Galilei, owathi, ngendlela, wayeqinisekile ukuba wayejikeleza ilanga, kungekhona.