Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba inselele intando emva kokufa kwe-testator? Uyingxaki njani yokumelana nomnqophiso welifa?

Njengoko kudla njalo, kuya kuhlala kukho umntu ongavumelani nomnye umnqweno. Kwimeko yelifa ngokunjalo. Umhloli wepropati ubonisa ukuthanda kwakhe kokugqibela kwincwadi efanelekileyo, kwaye emva kokufa kwakhe, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuya kuba nemibuzo phakathi kwezihlobo kunye nabahlobo. Kuthekani ukuba umntu ochazwe kwintando akazibheki njengelungelo lokuba nenxalenye yomhlaba womfi? Ungayinceda njani umngeni wesivumelwano kwifa ngokuhambelana nomthetho? Ukuze uphendule ngokupheleleyo, nceda ubhekisele kwimithetho yaseRashiya.

Unelungelo lokumngeni

Ngokubhekiselele kwinto yokuba intando yinto enye, kodwa kusekho ukuthengiselana, umyalelo unika ithuba lokuba umngeni. Kule meko, ngubani onelungelo lokumngeni ukuthanda? Ilungelo elinjalo linikezelwe kuphela kwisibonda sabantu - aba ngabaviwa abafanelekileyo (abaqalayo bezindlalifa ezikwinqanaba lokuqala) kunye nabantu abachazwe ngqo kwi-declaration-declaration. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba inselele intando emva kokufa kwe-testator? Ewe. Ukuze kube ngokuchanekileyo, akunakwenzeka ukwenza oku kude kuphele ukutshabalalisa kwe-testator, kuphela emva koko.

Ziziphi iimeko eziza kuphikisana ngazo?

Ngoko, ngenhlanhla, uxwebhu lwe-testamentary luya kunzima ukuba kukho naluphi na olu lwaphulo:

• Ummi osweleyo ekuthandeni kwakhe akazange akhulume ngezo zinto kuthiwa zindlalifa eziyimfuneko;
• Kuzo nayiphi na iiparitha, uxwebhu lwe-testamentary lucacisiwe ngokungalunganga;
• Intando yintando xa ebhala ukuthanda kwakhe kwakuseburhulumenteni apho awakwazi ukuphendula ngokucacileyo ngenxa yezenzo zakhe kunye nezigqibo, mhlawumbi, walahlekiswa; Isiphumo sokwamukelwa yinkantolo yombutho ongonelaneleko we-testator xa kulungiswa intando kukuqatshelwa kwalo mbhalo ngokungenayo imiphumo yomthetho;
• Ukungaphumeleli kwe-testator, engayingqina emva kokufa kwakhe;
• Olu xwebhu lusekwe phantsi koxinzelelo oludlobongela / ukongelwa;
• Induna okanye yindlalifa yedwa yayingathi ingenakufaneleka.

Kuphi ukujika?

Indlela yokujongeni intando emva kokufa, ukuba kukho ubuncinane esinye sezizathu ezingentla apha? Ukubonisa ukungavumelani kwabo ngentando kunye nokufuna ukukhanselwa kwayo, kubalulekile ukufaka isicelo kwinkundla yokuqokelela ubungqina, ukuqinisekiswa ngamaxwebhu, kwenye yezizathu ezidweliswe.

Ziziphi iindlalifa ezigunyazayo?

• Abantwana abathile ngexesha lokuvula ilifa lomzali abazange bafikelele kubantu abadala (amaxhoba).
• Abaxhasiweyo bayabonakala bengenakulungiswa.

Ukuba ngaba ngabantu basekuhlaleni, kufuneka babe ngumgca othile welifa, ngelixa bexhomekeka ngokwezimali kwizalwane ezifayo kwaye bancedwa ngokugcwele okungenani ngonyaka omnye ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Izihlobo ezinjalo zibandakanya umhlala-phantsi ngabadala okanye abakhubazekileyo. Kodwa umqeshwa osemhlala phantsi osemhlala phantsi, owomzekelo, uneminyaka engama-48 ubudala, akakwazi ukuba ngumfaki sicelo.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukukhawuleza intando emva kokufa kwe-testator, engabandakanyekanga naye ngokubambisana? Ewe, ukuba akuyena umntu woluntu, kodwa engenakukhubazeka, unelungelo lokufumana uncedo oluqhelekileyo kwi-testator, kwaye, ngokungafani necala kwisihlobo esinokukhubazeka, loo mntu kufuneka ukuba aphile kunye nomfi ka-unyaka omnye ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe .

Ukuchazela aba bantu njengezindlalifa ezigunyazayo, urhulumente uyabakhusela abo, ngenxa yezizathu ezifanelekileyo, abanako ukuzenzela umsebenzi kwaye abakwazi ukuzixhasa ngokupheleleyo.

Kule meko, ingaba intombi ingayiphengulula intando, ukuba ayinakucaciswa kulo mbhalo? Ewe, ukuba iyawa phantsi kwelinye lala maqela angentla apha anikaziindlalifa ezigunyazayo, umzekelo, awuzange afinyelele kwiminyaka yesininzi okanye eneqela lokukhubazeka. Abantu abalwe ngokuhambelana nomthetho waseRussia baya kufumana isabelo sabo sefa elifa, nangona bebengakhange bachazwe ngumhloli. Kwimeko apho iindlalifa eziboniswe kwixwebhu lokubhala ziyakunqandwa kwindlela yokutya ngenxa yokudluliselwa kwendima ethile yelifa kumntu onyanzelekile, lo mzuzwana unyanqatshelwa ithuba lokufumana isabelo sakhe sempahla.

Ipropati engahlambulukanga

Ukongeza kwipropati yomntu ofileyo, kuboniswe kwintando, kukho nakwipropati engabhengezwayo, ivela kuyo, kuqala, phambili, inxalenye yeendlalifa ezinyanzelekileyo isabelwe. Ukuba oku akunakwaneleyo, ke isabelo sobunzima sithunyiwe ukuze sikwanele ukugubungela isabelo esizalwe njengefa.

Isixa sesigunyaziso senxalenye yelifa kubalwa ngesiseko saloo ndlalifa eya kufumana phantsi komthetho. Okwangoku, umyalelo ubeka ubuncinane ubuncinane kwisiqingatha sezomthetho kwiindlalifa ezigunyazayo.

Uxwebhu olungavumelekanga

Abo bangavumelani nentando ye-testator, okokuqala, umbuzo uvela malunga nokuba yiyiphi na into enokumelana nayo. Kuhlanganiswa kuphela ngokuhambelana nomthetho waseRashiya. Intando ngumbhalo obalulekileyo oqulunqwe ngokuhambelana nomthetho. Kwimeko echasene nayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba inselele intando emva kokufa komhloli kunye nokufumana ukuqwalaselwa kwaloo mbhalo njengengavumelekile. Ngokomzekelo, uxwebhu kufuneka luqulethe isayineli ye-testator ngokwakhe, ekhoyo, okanye, njengoko kufunwa yimithetho, kwakungekho na mangqina afanelekileyo, okanye isayinwe yenziwe. Indlela yokuyibekela umngeni umnqophiso kwilifa kweli lixa? Umntu onamalungelo omthetho kunye neminqweno yakhe, ngokwembono yakhe, aphulwa, unelungelo lokufaka ibango kunye negunya lesigqeba.

Ukuqwalaselwa kwentando eyenziweyo akuvumelekanga: kupheleleyo okanye kuyingxenye

Xa kuqwalaselwa kwimeko, inkundla inokuthi ingayisebenzisi incwadana yeemviwo kunye neengxenye ezithile. Ingxelo yokugqibela iyenzeka xa iinxalenye ezithathwa njengengavumelekanga ziphazamise ukuqonda intsingiselo ebalulekileyo evezwe ngumhloli kwixwebhu lofa.

Ukuba inkundla inquma isigunyaziso soxwebhu lonke, ngoko ilahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwayo komthetho kwaye ipropati ye-testator ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezindlalifa zomthetho, ngokuhambelana nomyalelo. Mhlawumbi oku: ngaphandle koxwebhu olungenalungelo lokuzalwa, kukho enye intando. Kule meko, iindlalifa zifumana izabelo zazo ngokwemiqulu yokugqibela.

Indlela yokubonisa ubungqina bokufa komntu ofileyo

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba umngeni uphando emva kokufa komhloli, ukuba umntu owenzayo akakwazi ukunika uvavanyo olwaneleyo lwezenzo zabo? Ukufaka ubungqina bokungabikho komfaki we-testator enkundleni, njengomthetho, umntu kufuneka aphendule kule ndlela ilandelayo:

• Ukuthabatha uvavanyo lwe- psycho-psychiatric posthumus, ngexesha apho zonke iinkcukacha malunga nezifo zomntu oshonile zichongiwe ngexesha lokuqulunqwa kwentando, ihlolwe, ngamaphi amayeza awayephathwa ngayo kunye nemiphumo emihle yimiba kunye namanye amayeza. Njengomphumo wohlalutyo lwezokwelapha lwempilo yomntu ofileyo, uluvo oluthatywayo malunga nokungahambi kakuhle kwengqondo / ukuphazamiseka kovavanyo, othe ngexesha lokubhala kwakhe ukuthanda kwakhe akunakunakho ukulahla ifa kwixwebhu lokubhala.
• Izibonakaliso zabantu abasondeleyo abahlala kunye ne-testator, kunye nabamelwane kunye nabaziwayo, bangaphaya kwesilinganiso kwiimfuno eziphikisanayo malunga nombuso womfi. Mhlawumbi baqaphela ukuziphatha kwakhe okungaqhelekanga: wayelahlekile esitalato, walibala igama lakhe, apho ehlala khona, mhlawumbi, wayehlala ekhuluma naye kunye nabanye.
• Ukumela njengobungqina bokuba bengenakuxanduva lwezatifikethi ezivela kumaziko ezonyango ukuba i-testator ibhaliswe kwaye iphathwa ngokugula kwengqondo ngexesha lokubhala.

Iindlalifa ezingenakufaneleka: ngubani na?

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukukhawuleza ukuthanda umngeni emva kokufa komhloli, ukuba enye yezindlalifa eziboniswe kuyo iziphatha ngokungekho mthethweni malunga nabanye? Kwilifa lomthetho uchaza ngokucacileyo imigaqo apho iindlalifa ziwela phantsi komgaqo wokungafanelekanga kwaye ulahlekelwe isabelo sakhe sefa. Ziye zahlula ngokwahlukileyo kwiindidi eziliqela:

• Iindlalifa ezenza ngamabomu ukutshabalalisa ubomi bomqhubi okanye ukumlahla ubomi. Okanye isenzo esifanayo kunye nezinye izindlalifa ngokuthanda. Kubalulekile ukuba inkundla ikwazi ukubonisa ubungqina benjongo ngokungekho mthethweni malunga nala bantu. Kule meko iinjongo ngokwazo ayinandaba.
• Iindlalifa ezingenakwenzekayo, ezenziwa ngamanyathelo angekho mthethweni zifuna ukwandisa isabelo sazo kwifa, sisebenzisana ne-blackmail, isongelo malunga nomsunguli wokuthanda kunye nezinye izindlalifa. Kwakhona, ukutyunjwa kwesiginitsha kwincwadi yoonobumba okanye imeko apho intando ngokwayo ichithwa kakubi ukuze ifumane isabelo sayo, esiya kuhlawulwa ngummangalelwa ngumthetho.
• Abo bantu abanobuqhetseba obunobungozi be-alimony ngokumalunga ne-testator yepropati. Ngokomzekelo, umzukulwana ongeke abeke imali ngemali yokugcinwa koomkhulu wakhe akayi kuba nelungelo lokufumana ilifa lakhe. Oku kusebenza kumatyala apho izibophelelo ezifanelekileyo zifunyenwe yinkundla.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba abo bamkeli belifa ngelixesha lokufaka isicelo kwi-notary ngenjongo yokufumana isatifiketi selilungelo kwifa abachazi iinkcukacha ngezinye iindlalifa ezingenayo.

Imiphumo yokutyhila iindlalifa ezingafanelekanga

Abantu abadibeneyo, ukuba baya kuboniswa enkundleni, bengabanelungelo lokufumana izindlalifa, balahlekelwa yinxalenye yelifa. Oku kunokusebenza njengesiseko sokukhanselwa kwecandelo okanye uxwebhu olupheleleyo lwe-testamentary document.

Nangona kunjalo, umthetho waseRashiya unikezela ithuba lokutshintshwa kweendlalifa ezingenakufanelekela kwinqanaba labantu abafanelekileyo, ngokuxhomekeka kumgaqo wokuxolela. Kuqulethwe ukuba umhloli, emva kokuba indlalifa ingqinekanga, ibonisa ukunyaniseka, ikhuphe enye intando, apho, ukuxolela i-bequeath yakhe engafanelekanga, inxalenye yelifa.

Imigqaliselo yokwenza umngeni kwiintando ngelifa

Ngaba inokuthanda inokuyithandelwa ngethuba lelo xesha liphila lobomi balo? Eli xwebhu alinakuphikiswa kuze kufike ukuvulwa kwelifa, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lobomi be-testator. Ngaphandle koko, ixesha locelomngeni oku kulandelayo:

• Iminyaka emithathu ekuvulekeni kwelifa emva kokufa kwe-testator. Eli gama linxulumene nentando ethathwa njengento engenanto kwaye ayinayo imiphumo yomthetho.
• Unyaka omnye ukususela ngomhla wokuvulwa ngumntu onomdla wamanani amatsha, njengokuhlanganiswa kwe-testamentary ngu-testator phantsi koxinzelelo kunye / okanye izinsongelo, esinye sezizathu zezichaso.

Ixesha elona lihle kakhulu locelomngeni lisezinyangeni ezi-6 ukususela ngomhla wokuvula ilifa, xa kungekho nindlalifa esayifumana isatifiketi esinika ilungelo lokulifa.