Isigodlo Spaso-Prilutsky, Vologda: iiyure zokusebenza, iifoto

Isigodlo Spaso-Prilutsky - omnye izakhiwo zonqulo inkulu Russian North. Yena ogama lakhe behlonipha uMsindisi Church of woonongendi kunye bend umlambo (haying izaphetha), apho sibekwe khona. Namhlanje, yinto entsokothileyo ezikhumbuzo bobugcisa XVI-XVIII iinkulungwane ebalulekileyo yesizwe.

A incinane

UMsindisi Priluki Monastery (kummandla Vologda) wabonakala kulo mhlaba ngo-1371, ukuya kumantla Vologda, kwindlela ekhokelela Beloozero, kufutshane kwilali Vypryagovo. Oku kucingwa ukuba ngunozala odumileyo saint Russian, umxhasi we Vologda Dimitry Prilutsky. Yena wakha ibandla ngomthi kwi woonongendi, yaye ecaleni kuyo zakhiwa ukuba neemonki iiseli ngamaplanga.

Amafama, ingakumbi abo aphantsi mazwe, kulya kunye Isidore yakhulula njengoko imbali ibonisa, bakuvuyela ukunika ezi ndawo entle. Ngokutsho ayephila, uMsindisi Priluki Monastery (Vologda) ebesoloko ulonwabele ubabalo nohlonipheke uYohane III i-Grand Neendwalutho, uJohn IV, Vasily III.

Xa uYohane III waya Kazan (1503), wathabatha ukusuka icon weemonki UDimitri Prilutsky ebhalwe anoDiyonisiyo. Abuye loyiso, waleka i icon kwi isilivere negolide. Isigodlo Spaso-Prilutsky watyelela Vasily III kunye nomfazi wakhe Elena Glinsky (1528) ngethuba kusiyiwa of nezigodlo Russian.

Altarpiece umnqamlezo ngomthi - ukuphakama 140 cm, ezihonjiswe imikrolo ezininzi ezenziwe kwi idayisi ezimhlophe wayifulela basma gilt - wathimba woonongendi Ivan IV ngexesha iphulo lokulwa Kazan (1552). Ababhali-mbali bathi kulo mnqamlezo Kilikievsky evela loonongendi kunye yelaseKiliki yamandulo, ibekwe eAsia Minor. Ngoku eluvalelweni kwi Vologda Museum. Ngokutsho le mbali S. M. Soloveva, nguDmitry Prilutsky wadala lahlala phezu kweendlela ezakhokelela ukusuka Vologda ukuya Arctic Ocean. Spaso-Prilutsky Dimitriev yoonongendi kwinkulungwane XVI, uye waba ngomnye yoonongendi edume kakhulu futhi bazizinhanha kumantla elo lizwe.

bokwakha

Embindini woonongendi yi nenqaba intsimbi kunye Cathedral le uMsindisi. Yaba itempile yokuqala yakhiwa ngamatye esixekweni. Ukuze ekwakhiweni kwayo inkqubela ngokukhawuleza, uIvan Grozny wayalela ukukhulula eMonastri yakhe Ndiwise evela imisebenzi. lokwakha zigqitywe ngo-1542-m. Kwakuloo nyaka mnye, le woonongendi uMsindisi Prilutsky Dimitriev wakha yecawa, watyelela uJohn IV.

Le ndlu yecawa ifana kakhulu kwiindawo eMoscow yonqulo. Le tempile cube-ezimilise, imigangatho, trehapsidny chetyrehstolpny. isigcina awasinxitywa kunye izahluko ezintlanu, apho ibekwe phezu namagubu rounded imilo. Emazantsi igubu iseti lwesakhiwo ukuba Uyabahombisa emseleni zokuhombisa. Umgangatho wokuqala silingi angaphantsi, nasemagumbini yayo umnqamlezo-ezimile ixhaswe pilasters ezine, cornices kugcina imilo ezintathu zakomary omise.

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, bafika evarandeni wasentshona apha kwinkulungwane XVII. KuMzantsi nakuMntla kwakhiwa kamva ngo-1672. Bokwakhiwa ivaranda west ibandakanya ezimbini iintsika zamatye umphanda kunye polustolpa ezimbini. Baxhasa Iingqameko amabini, apho ibekwe kwicala ngalinye. Kwintshona ongasevarandeni uyakwazi ukubona gable. Phezu egudileyo ngomfanekiso wakhe alahlwayo.

Cathedral dominates kakhulu ngaphezu izakhiwo ezingqonge limi iimbono nobungangamsha. umthamo cc omkhulu, ubeke phezu kwendlu phezulu, ikhangeleka Kuhle kakhulu. On kumacala ezintathu yecawa singqongwe amaziko, kunye apses ezintathu zivela empumalanga.

Iindonga ibandla yahlukanisiwe emagxeni tyaba kwaye ebanzi spinners ezintathu. Ngaphezu kubo waba mde amanqanaba amabini zakomar enkulu omise kunye zikhangeleke encinane embindini. Ngokwahlukileyo kulo ibandla metropolitan, wayenza ngokuthozama ebaxiweyo sizalwa bokwakha emantla. Phawula laconic kakhulu zokuhombisa isisombululo kobuhle.

Eziliqela imigqomo umhombiso ezahlukeneyo, equka namabhanti beguntsa, arochek, nishek kunye ecaleni. NgoSeptemba 1811 ngu amakhandlela olityelweyo etempileni kwabakho umlilo. Onke ingaphakathi itshiswe. Anyukayo kwezinye izahluko.

Ukuhlaselwa French kwikomkhulu (1812) kwisakhiwo zalaba baqhubeka isuswe eyinkunzi jewelry le sacristy Oosolusapho Novospassk, Chudova, Ugresh, Znamenskoye, Novodevichy, Pokrovsky godlo Voznesensky, Emnye Lavra of St. uSergiyo of eMoscow ezinye icawa. Imilinganiselo bahlala kuloo ndlu yecawa de inkululeko komkhulu.

Ukubuyiselwa isonto

Ukususela 1813 ukuya 1817 kwenzeka ekwakhiweni ngokutsha etempileni. Ukulungisa intloko eyonakeleyo, kwagqitywa ukuba abanike ifomu umphanda-ezimile. Kuye kwakhona ngokupheleleyo iindonga zalaba.

Ivan Baranov - Yaroslavl inkosi - nabancedi ezisibhozo ngaphakathi kweendonga kokutyatyekwa kwendlu le yecawa. Umfama evela Vologda M. Gorin ngo-1841 wenza kwisahluko esitsha spire isonto kunye nenqaba yentsimbi. Esandeni esezantsi yecawa yi engcwabeni Uglich Abathetheli noYohane UDimitri,, ababefudusiwe nguYohane III esekuthinjweni kulo mzi emantla kunye Dimitriya Prilutskogo. Kulo isigodlo, uYohane tonsured kwaye wafumana igama Ignatius. Emangcwabeni titsh Ignatius kunye Dimitriya Prilutskih ngoku wambuyisela ngokupheleleyo - ukuba amazwi ka woonongendi, ngubani ngokuzinikela bakhonza abazalwana nabasemzini.

isango ibandla

Isango ngundoqo woonongendi, eme ngaphezu kwabo Isango Church kunye inxalenye eludongeni eyakhelwe emva kokwakhiwa Cathedral Lonke-Nomusa uMsindisi. Ukuba bahombise emnyango Monastery of uMsindisi Priluki ukusuka kwindlela ekhokelela kwi Kirillov, Belozersk kunye Arkhangelsk.

Isango cawe yamiselwa egameni Feodora Stratilata ngo-1590, kodwa igama kamva egameni ukwenyuka (1841). I-inventri yenkulungwane XVII, leyo igcina uMsindisi Priluki Monastery (kummandla Vologda), ukuze ngesango icawa kongezelelwa indlwana eyenziwe amatye kunye imingxunyana ezine, elathi laseka intsimbi. Ngelo ndlwana zaye nabaya clock umxhelo.

Ngowe-1730 ndlwana esatshintshwa kwinqaba encinane intsimbi. Nanamhla oku quadrangle zilondolozwe ukuba iifestile ezine, leyo lakhiwa phezu ukukhala octagon. Ngowe-1914, wawuxhoma apho intsimbi enocwangco kuphela, zalishumi iimina 52. ubhedu lwayo, ndoyilahla inkosi endala Chartyshnikov esezantsi yentsimbi (1876 g). Bahombise usonga zokwakha, Niska, neengqameko, begunets kunye ecaleni kwi igubu kunye iindonga. Le decor, apho unokujonga impembelelo Novgorod kunye eMoscow, kakhulu okufana ezindlwini elisemntla ngamatye XV-XVI eminyaka. Neendonga ezahlulwe enye kocingo ezimbini spatula.

ibandla ngombono

Namhlanje uMsindisi Priluki Monastery (Vologda) iye endaweni yayo a unique somthi kwingcinga Church, ndafika apha kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane XVI. Wasuka i-Alexander Kushtskoy weemonki, ekube kude emlonyeni lali, phezu komlambo Kushtia.

Yeyona lesikhumbuzo zindala izakhiwo ngamaplanga le North Russian. ifomu yalo yokwakha ugxininisa esinamandla bokubhabha. Phillips volume phezu iziko kukho octagon enkulu, kwandiswa ukusuka phezulu. Ubizwa ngokuba ukuba ziyehla. Octagon ebekwa nentente ende kwaye mncane kunye cupola encinane. Iinxalenye icala (kwanciphisa ngaphezulu) ukunqumamisa nophahla inyathela egosogoso. umbala yesilivere iibhodi ngomthi ngamnye (Melekha) ezisisiphumo kophahla yentente, hlanganisa ngokugqibeleleyo ziphethe izibonda ithinti velvety brown. Zonke iintlobo yokwakha ezi kuhlangene. Zakha i bemsya efunekayo-gingxi.

All Saints Church

Spaso-Prilutsky Dmitriev eMonastri yenye ibandla umdla. Ekuqaleni kwaso esibhedlele, kuba esibhedlele saqhotyoshelwa umzimba. Single-headed, single-ezinemigangatho emibini-umbala. Yakhiwa 1721 kwaye bamiselwe egameni Hierarchs ezintathu. Kamva (ngo-1781) yaye igama All Saints.

belfry

nabasemzini ingakumbi onekratshi abazalwana bahlala intsimbi eye sigodlo Oyingcwele-Prilutskii (kummandla Vologod). Ukuma lokuqala onjalo nakhelwe ndawonye kunye yecawa. Yena saqhotyoshelwa ukuya emntla-ntshona iphiko. Kodwa kungekudala sezilungisiwe. Entsha, namhlanje ekhoyo, yakhiwa ngo-1654.

Ngowe-1736, iintsimbi zakhe elinesibhozo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo buziikhilogram ngaphezulu kwe 357. Ngaphezu koko, nantsi ke isithunywa, intsimbi. Oko: Umlinganiseli iikhilogram ngaphezulu kwama-55. Kuwo umfanekiso uJohn Abathetheli UDimitri Uglich. Le iintsimbi zaphoswa ngo-1738 ngu John Korkutskim omuzi inkosi. Kwi oktagoni eliphezulu ukuseta ivili iwotshi ngogwayimbo. Zezakhiwo quadrangle enamandla eziphantsi zenziwa zibe ecaweni kunye neeseli.

ibandla Vvedensky

yokuhambahamba zagutyungelwa ukudibanisa izakhiwo kunye uMsindisi Cathedral ezintsonkothileyo. Omnye wabo Vvedenskaya ibandla. Eli bali-emibini isakhiwo angqukuva kunye yokutyela ekufutshane apho. ekwakhiweni kwayo, ngelishwa, akwaziwa ukuba ezithile. I-inventri ye woonongendi ngo-1623, iye yachazwa njengelitye.

Umgangatho komhlaba kwaye ngoku itempile. Ngowe-1876, le nkonzo yakhiwa Wena mboni, bamiselwa egameni Barbara. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuhonjiswa kwayo, nto leyo yenziweyo ngokohlobo nakwiingqameko zalo corbel, yinto umdlalo elihle kunye Spassky Cathedral kunye nesango Church of ukwenyuka. corbels yokuhlobisa balyasinok, ubuqhophololo kunye nishek ukunika itempile jonga ebukekayo kakhulu.

Catherine ibandla

Ukuya ngasempumalanga Vvedensky ibandla (ngeemitha ezilishumi) kukho icawa encinane eyenziwe amatye egameni uCatherine Omkhulu St Prince Vladimir. Yakhiwa 1830 ngemali evela Vologda mhlaba B. Volotsk. Kuye kwakhiwa phezu kwamangcwaba izalamane bakhe eyafakwa apha.

Walls neenqaba

Vologda Spaso-Prilutsky sigodlo kwinkulungwane XVII, kunye macala amathathu ejikelezwe yi kocingo lwemithi. Stone ngelo xesha kuphela isango engundoqo kunye necandelo encinane bodonga kuye. Le yenye yezinto ezibangela yokwaphuka woonongendi ngo-1612-1619, ngokulandelelana. UMsindisi Priluki Monastery, ifoto apho ubona kweli nqaku, waye ibinqatyiswe ngokupheleleyo ngeendonga limxulube iinqaba 1656. Zazakhiwe ngokungqinelana nemigaqo lwekhulu yokwakha science XVII.

Monasterial iindonga Ikwadrilatherali kwisicwangciso uqwalaselo (ayilunganga). Ngasemagumbini yayo shestnadtsatigrannye wakha iinqaba ukuba amaqhina oqhagamshelwano iindonga zakho ezinqabileyo eziphakamileyo ubude. Ngasemntla yakhiwe isango ilitye engundoqo kunye nesango Church. Kwicala lasentshonalanga - eziziingxande Water Tower namasango abucala ekhokelela emlanjeni. Eludongeni esemazantsi nje elincane (eyesithathu), nto leyo iye yabeka izitena.

Corner ende kakhulu bayacalulwa iindonga moya. Injongo yazo zonke-ngeenxa yokuzikhusela. Le slits kwakuxhomekeke (mashikuli) ibekwe ngaphandle kodonga Towers kwimiqolo. neenqaba Corner ngaphakathi iintsika zamatye phakathi. Lo xa uxhasa eli imiqadi yentente, kwaye uqhagamshelwano mezhyarusnye kunye nesiseko uyiqwalasela ezinde.

Iindonga zinikwa kunye nememori ukuqhuba badla eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Kwicala ngaphakathi ecaleni nakwiingqameko zalo ilitye kwi phezulu kukho emhlabeni emfazweni. It is a umngcelele ngeenxa zonke iindonga. Ubude lilonke udonga - 830 eemitha nomphakamo esixhenxe iimitha enesiqingatha.

Namhlanje, hayi kuphela nabasemzini kodwa abahambi eziqhelekileyo ukutyelela uMsindisi Priluki Monastery (Vologda). Iiyure kube lula ukuba iindwendwe. Le nto siza kuthetha kamva.

izakhiwo

Msindisi Priluki Monastery ngenkulungwane XVII ke ngokuncamisileyo izihlandlo eziliqela. NgoDisemba 1618, imikhosi ka Hetman kunye Cossack Ataman Shelkovodskogo Baloven watshiswa ephila iimonki 59 kwi refectory, kuphela ngexesha kuhlaselwa yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwamakhulu amabini.

Lithuanians nezibonda iintsuku ezintathu kusingathwa woonongendi. Ukuba baphangwe wabatshabalalisa impahla, ngokomkhethe waqhumisela yokugcina weemonki. Waza ke kunyaka olandelayo, woonongendi lusizi. Eli xesha ke wenza yaseSiberia Aleevich prince, owafika ukuba "ukukhusela" ye woonongendi kunye Cossacks kunye nangezinto. Enye "unogada" - i AmaTatar Murazov kusingathwa woonongendi ezingcwele iintsuku ezisithoba.

Ngowe-1618, Lithuanians elinyukayo refectory nenkonzo, kwakunye uninzi kweendawo monastery le. Bebe iinkomo, kwakhona exhakamfula ipropati, watshisa iilali, wababulala abalimi ababehlala kummandla weemonki. Ngowe-1645, xa woonongendi, ukuba indawo iiseli ezilahlekileyo kunye refectory eyenziwe ngomthi, wakha ilitye ezinemigangatho olunye-izindlu kunye namagumbi lendela kunye refectory eqhelekileyo. Kuba kwakhiwa yabo inkosi abaqingqi koMsindisi isigodlo Yaroslavl.

Isakhiwo ilitye enemigangatho emibini - it drevnenastoyatelskie iiseli. Kumgangatho wesibini kwakukho zokuhlala umphathi phezu komhlaba - iwayini. iiseli Living udityanisiwe kwi abbots lokungena kulo ibandla indledlana nesigqubuthelo.

West yeSango ibandla yakhiwa ngo-1718 yenye isakhiwo ilitye yomile, apho kamva yakhiwa ibe ezinemigangatho emibini yokuhlala zokwakha yasebusika rectory, kunye ihotele kamva iindwendwe sele ithunyelwe apha.

East yeSango ngo-1720 wakha ilitye cellarer izindlu ezinemigangatho emibini. Kamva pantries isigodlo yakhiwa kulo. umzimba zokuhlala emaqandeni Ulaneka owayame eludongeni emantla, ophela kwicala elingasempumalanga ibandla All Saints. It yayakhelwe ixesha elide (XVII-XVIII c.), Olungaphambili kwenziwa ngo-1790. Namhlanje, kukho amalungiselelo abazalwana iiseli.

isigodlo wokuvala

Ngeli xesha eSoviet woonongendi Spaso-Prilutsky akukho isiphelo buhlungu izakhiwo zonqulo Russian. Ngowe-1918 woonongendi iye ayihlasela kunye ne-inventri yazo zonke impahla. Kwiindawo yezakhiwo babekwa Olubomvu Army. Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil kwinqaba weemonki badlale indima neziqhushumbisi impahla. Xa amanyathelo kuphela ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ixesha kuvunyelwa ukuba ukucima umlilo uqale kwaye ugcine le lesikhumbuzo esixabisekileyo lwembali bokwakha. Kude kube 1923, ukususela weemonki zathinjwa amaxabiso ibandla, leyo, ingakumbi, weza kundinceda iVolga yindlala.

Ikomiti County yesigqeba isigqibo sokubakhupha Archimandrite Niphon (Kursina), monki neemonki zaye zasuswa woonongendi kunye amarhamente baye bavakalisa ukunganeliseki zinganakwa. Abemi Pryluky needolophana ezikufuphi wacela imvume evela kwabasemagunyeni ukwenza ngaphandle iindonga weemonki phezu kwezitena, kodwa sakhatywa isicelo sabo.

Ngehlobo lowe-1924 yapheliswa isivumelwano kunye noluntu kunye woonongendi ekugqibeleni ngokwayo ivaliwe. Yonke imisebenzi yobugcisa zinikelwe Museum umzi, yonke impahla zidluliselwe kumaziko karhulumente. Kule 30 ka weemonki St. Prilutsky oko eyaguqukayo yaba entolongweni transit ngenxa bawagqogqa, ezithi ke ngoko ukuya kwiinkampu kumntla Gulag.

Ukususela ekuqaleni kowama-50 ukuya ekupheleni kuka-70 woonongendi kwakukho warehouses zomkhosi. Ngamanye amaxesha ahlukeneyo woonongendi kukho bhanyabhanya, Les Invalides. Ngeminyaka yee-ngamahlanu nokonakala kwezinto kunye nezakhiwo zingamabhodlo woonongendi yaqala ukubuyisela kancinci. Iingcali zithi lo msebenzi ngendlela eyiyo kakhulu, izakhiwo ezininzi kangaka imbonakalo wabo saphiliswa.

Ukususela ngowe-1979, waba lilungu Vologda Museum-Bulunga uMsindisi Priluki Monastery. Trip endaweni yayo kwahlanganiswa inkqubo myuziyam "Ukuvuselelwa woonongendi." Embindini ka Juni 1990 emva kukuvalwa woonongendi okokuqala benza umngcelele ukuya Gorbachevsky emangcwabeni apho ibandla uLazaro. NgoAgasti waloo nyaka, Isango Church of ukwenyuka yadluliselwa ROC. Kwaye ngo 1991, eMonastri Diocesan lavulwa kwakhona.

Ngomhla memory Dmitriya Prilutskogo (24 February 1992), woonongendi babuyiselwa kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, woonongendi baqalisa ukuvuselela ubomi salungiswa izakhiwo eMonastri, wayibuyisela iintsimbi iconostasis. iinkonzo Daily kaThixo. Ummandla umntu lentendelezo, isikolo seCawe.

Xa woonongendi kukho isebe Orthodox Theological School of Vologda. Ilungiselela abefundisi for Vologda kunye Veliky dioceses. Nyaka ngamnye kukho ukufunda uDemetriyo, ukuqokelela ootitshala kunye nabefundisi.

Ngo-2014 umphathi uMsindisi Priluki Monastery - Metropolitan Kirillov Vologda kunye Ignatius. Abazalwana woonongendi - malunga 20 ngabantu apha uphile ilungu labasebenzi kuthuthwa kunye nabasebenzi eziliqela.

ihlele

Thina wazise bonke abantu abanomdla ukutyelela iiyure uMsindisi Priluki Monastery (Vologda).

- In the evekini (ngoMvulo ukuya ngoMgqibelo) - ukususela 10.00 ukuya 17.00.

- ngeCawa - ukususela 12,30 ukuya 17.00. Ngexesha imithendeleko patronal zibanjwa ukhenketho ukusuka 14,00.

NoMsindisi Priluki Monastery: kweeyure zomsebenzi (inkonzo)

On evekini:

- Matins - 5.00.

- ezinkonzweni - 7.00-7.30

- Confession ubanjwa kwicala lasekhohlo lendlu.

- Vespers - 17.00.