Nemerteans (worm): Inkcazo

Nemerteans - uhlobo umbungu lwe tape-like. Ukuba kolu didi abanalo amalungu yangaphandle kwebala. Noko ke, oko linako ukubonelela ukutya kunokuba indlela original - "vystrelivaya" kwi ubuninzi yemveliso yencindi, leyo yabela nkawu elide ukuba ingena nzulu kweziyobisi emzimbeni.

Yiyiphi indlela yobomi zimelwe izilwanyana? wenza njani nemerteans (worm)? Iifoto kunye neenkcazelo kwezi izirhubuluzi ziya kuqwalasela kamva kweli nqaku.

History of nemerteans lokufumanisa

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ubukho nemerteans bafunda enkosi kwesayensi isazinzulu G. Barleyz. Ngowe-1758, abaphengululi bafumana umbungu-uhlobo ukumelwa emanzini aselwandle, wachaza isakhiwo morphological nkqu wadala umfanekiso wesilwanyana.

Ngokuphawulekayo kwandisa ulwazi Encyclopedic of nemerteans kwinkulungwane XIX. Izazi abaninzi baye bezisa nenzululwazi entsha, iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ezi zilwanyana unique abahlala ikakhulu olwahlala emgangathweni wolwandle. Lidla ekuhleni thaca entsimini kuye wenza umbulelo ukuba ukuvela kuthetha ukuba asebenze kwindawo enzulu. kwenkcazo 'nemertean "yaphakanyiswa ngeli xesha ngokwayo.

Study nemerteans ngenkuthalo nzulu eSoviet NA Livanov. Ngowe-1955, uYesu wabonisa ukuba ezi izilwanyana kwisebe lotshintsho phakathi ziintshulube tyaba kwaye iribhoni-like. Ngaphambi koku, ezi zidalwa zichongwe uhlobo annelid ziimpethu - annelids.

ukubonakala

A ummeli ngokuqhelekileyo nemerteans unomzimba side ngendlela anteroposterior, amanakani noko atshabalalisa kunye namacandelo ventral. ubude Body of abameli ngamnye iyahluka ukusuka milimitha ezimbalwa ukuya amashumi eemitha. Noko ke, umlinganiselo kwixabiso ngqo nemerteans nzima yokuba ezi zidalwa bayakwazi ukuba olule ngathi ezi rhorho.

Nemerteans - worm umzimba zigazi yahlulwe ofisi truncal kunye nentloko. Umda phakathi kwezi iinxalenye emseleni wesibeleko. Inxalenye Intloko iquka emlonyeni isilwanyana. kummandla Umboko akukho imizimba ucaca angaphandle. Emacaleni omzimba abelwe gonads ezincinane kuphela. Kwinxalenye ngasemva ntshulube kakuhle ingquza distinguishable.

nemerteans Ulusu bekwazi nokuvelisa izixa ezikhulu yencindi yomlomo. Ngoko ke, uninzi iimpethu yolu hlobo khangela akuthandeki ukuba zamarhamncwa. iintaka ezininzi ulwandle abe umbala eqaqambileyo, nto leyo isilumkiso uphawu yingozi iintshaba ezinokwenzeka endaweni yawo yemvelo. Ngelo xesha kukho abameli ngokwaneleyo nemerteans iithowuni ezimhlophe. Abanye babo baye Kubonakale eluswini, ngalo amalungu angaphakathi iyakhanya.

ukudla

Nemerteans - worm, nto leyo eye i umlomo yokuvula evuthelweyo lohlobo tubular. Ngaphakathi iqulathe i mouthparts khala ezizodwa, apho liqengqiwe nzulu lweHo- emzimbeni kwaye ibekwe enyama yangaphakathi, xa isilwanyana uphumle. Ngexesha Hunt, le tube worm zeplastiki amathuba kwaye aphoswe kwicala ixhoba phantsi kwempembelelo xi hydraulic. Mining igutyungelwe ngcina, eshinyeneyo yencindi acrid.

Sidla nemerteans? Umbungu uyakwazi ukuginya nokungakwazi ixhoba yonke okanye alabe libe zizabelo. Ezinye izilwanyana zimelwe uhlobo lisibekele ixhoba ngendlela Cocoon yencindi, eshiya prozapas zakhe.

isakhiwo yangaphakathi

Nemerteans - worm, nto leyo ayinayo umngxuma umzimba ngokwawo. Zonke izithuba phakathi kwemibutho lwangaphakathi azaliswe kwizicwili - parenchyma. Insides thaca ngasemva, phakathi kunye emathunjini ngaphambili.

Nemertean ukuba inkqubo yokujikeleza ahambele phambili phakathi iimpethu iribhoni-ezimile. Njengoko inkqubo yokuphefumla, ezi zilwanyana musa. Oxygen Ukwanda iiseli kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa irisithi yayo ngesikhumba.

I-luvo yakhiwe kumgaqo ortogona. Ngamanye amazwi - iiseli zemithambo-luvo zakha imicu ezithile, kunye nabo eqokelelwa umboko luvo.

iiklasi

Ukwahlula le nemerteans mahlelo alandelayo:

1. Anopla - iimpethu ekuthiwa-bengaxhobanga. A isici esasenza lo udidi lwabantu na engekho khala em- ngomlomo. Ukutya ifakwe kwikroba lokuvula, oko kukuthi kummandla kwisisu. ummeli Bright kule klasi wenza nemerteans ulwandle omkhulu ekuthiwa Lineus Longissimus, apho umzimba kunokuba ukuya kwiimitha 30 yaye ububanzi elingekho ngaphezu kwesinye isentimitha.
2. Nemerteans worm, iklasi Enopla abe nkawu ngaphambili umzimba. Last aphoswe ngaphandle, ebetha ixhoba stilettos ezininzi kwaye uqhubekeko yencindi yakhe etyebileyo. Amalungu ale iklasi ahluka ubukhulu becala uNothozamile.

indlela yokuphila

Uninzi iimpethu, leyo zihlelwa nemertean zizilwanyana zaselwandle ezihlala emazantsi. Noko ke, siyazi bekuthi kweentlobo zezidalwa amanzi kule hlobo. Kukho kwakhona ngumhlaba abameli ngamnye nemerteans.

Nemerteans - umbungu leyo yindlela yokuphanga. Ezinye izilwanyana ezifana thaca musa ukuzingela ngokwabo, yaye scavengers. Kwakhona yaziwa nemerteans, leyo olwaye lwamfimfitha kwi ingubo em- mbambela zaselwandle. Okwangoku, kukho inkcazelo eneenkcukacha ngokomyalelo iintlobo-1 200 ziimpethu.