Mlilo otshiswayo eKamchatka: inkcazelo, imbali, olunomdla

Emzantsi, kwi ena Gorelinskom isabelo yi mlilo esebenzayo otshisiwe. Yena lilungu park South-Kamchatsky. Igama lakhe yesibini - wazitshisa intaba. Le lesikhumbuzo unique zendalo ibekwe 75 eekhilomitha ukusuka Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

indaba

Phantse amane amawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo kwindawo yangoku mlilo mlilo ikhaka ibekwe ubukhulu, leyo kuthiwa umlilo ekwakuphila. Sangqa noseko lwalo lingaphezu kweekhilomitha mathathu. Phantsi ubunzima bayo ekugqibeleni inxalenye enekona lehla, yaye kwasekwa mlilo 10 x 14 km. Oku yabakho iintsalela mlilo yamandulo, kuba xitsunga encinane onamatye.

Dubulo waqhubeka ukusuka ezantsi lo mgodi esekwe kubekho udederhu yimingxuma. Bona sixhobo sekhombuya esinee ngaphezulu kwenye nenye, kunye ekukhuliseni ngokuthe zadityaniswa cone. Oku yindlela uluhlu namhlanje evuthelweyo, nto leyo ligutyungelwe SLAG, isanti kunye udaka zikhabane.

Dubulo kwaqhubeka de kakhulu kamva. Kutshanje, izazinzulu ziye abhalwe ngo-1986. Ash plume ke Wasolula ukusuka anyukayo Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky nge Avacha Bay. Ibingumbono engaqhelekanga kakhulu: ukusuka umhlaba isixeko ololulele intsika umsi omnyama.

Namhlanje mlilo etshisiwe (ena) iye i "isakhiwo omdala", nto leyo ibandakanya ummandla ongaphezu kweekilometa ezingama-650. Ibanga ukuba isuka yemilambo Paratunka amafutha Asacha mlilo kunye mlilo.

inkcazelo mlilo

Elinyukayo mlilo esebenzayo, okuphakama laliziimitha 1829, ifumaneka kwi kumazantsi eli lizwe. Yena imelwe izakhiwo ezimbini: ikhaka-ezimilise ubudala, encotsheni leyo ebekwa trinadtsatikilometrovoy mlilo, kwakunye mihla, nto leyo a stratovolcano entsonkothileyo.

isakhiwo Modern, ummandla macala 150. km, ukuba ibekwe esizikithini mlilo. Oku ikakhulu ubunjwe lavas kwaye balzatovogo andezitbalzatovogo uhlobo. Esi sakhiwo kufana uhlobo mlilo Hawaiian, Noko ke, umphezulu waso le yabakho kubekho udederhu mlilo, kwaye kumathambeka kukho amashumi izixhobo enamagumbi kunye mlilo eqina.

Ubume uluhlu

Ridge ubude ezintathu neekhilomitha e chain entsonkothileyo eziquka yimingxuma elinanye. Konke oku mlilo otshisiwe. igama lakhe elipheleleyo ibonakalisa isakhiwo sangoku mlilo - Somnikelo Ridge.

Le uluhlu senziwa kwisiphambuka kweenduli mlilo. Xa babeziindleko ezinkulu kwamathambeka imiselwe amachibi, fumarole igesi eshushu kwaye phantse amahlanu izixhobo zeBlack.

wentaba East

imigodi emininzi efana nemithombo, abo apho kwi iqhuma elidlulileyo zikude kuye kwenzeka, namhlanje ezaliswe kunye namachibi emuncu. Ezi ziquka East Crater. emazantsi yaso ubukhulu nesiqingatha sekhilomitha ithatha echibini eziblowu. It ingqongwe engumnqantsa yeengxondorha dvuhsotmetrovuyu. Inxalenye kokuba ezinikezelwa yi-ice zokudada.

Uphawu lo mngxuma ingabizwa ukukwazi layo ukutshintsha 'ukuziphatha' yayo ngexesha mlilo. Xa amanzi kweli chibi blue, langaphakathi elipholileyo emhlabeni. Xa kuziwa kwi-mlilo predaktivnoe karhulumente, ichibi ngokoqobo "amathumba", utshintsho kunye imilo kunye nombala.

Lo mngxuma esebenzayo

Gorely yenye emgodini emangalisayo. Ibizwa ngokuba Active. ezantsi kwayo uzaliswe ifumile acid echibini orenji, kunye fumaroles yayo nombhojana elunxwemeni. Le ndawo ngokumila ifanele ogama ubukhulu kweemitha ezingama-250. mngxuma ubunzulu - meters 200.

Selesondele ekuhleni kuyingozi ngenxa kweendonga zayo eziwayo, yaye umoya ugcwele isalfure iigesi eziyityhefu.

West wentaba

Emazantsi glacier mngxuma lugubungela, ezinokukhokelela ekuchithekeni nomsinga. Ayajika emantla-ntshona yinxalenye mlilo, ukwakha iingxangxasi ezininzi ezincinane.

cylinder

Umdla kwaye ndawo igama enjalo engaqhelekanga. Sikhoyo kwithambeka esemazantsi mlilo, iye imilo rhoqo setyhula. ububanzi bayo m-40.

indlwane wentaba ngayo

Yinto hlobo "umkhaya 'wonke. Emazantsi umngxuma yamandulo mabini: a noqhoqhoqho emxinwa kuloo mngxuma, wafumana igama layo ngenxa side, zinzulu.

Lava kwemali eBurgundy, echachambileyo amaxesha ngamaxesha emazantsi mlilo, wazigquma ngesanti black mlilo, - ekwakhiweni kwayo osinika uluvo lwe-mlilo otshisiwe yingozi, kodwa kwangaxeshanye emangalisayo indawo entle.

yasethafeni

Akukho umdla omncane yasethafeni, mlilo. Kuyinto phantse akanalo kwezityalo. Ezi nketho kuphela imifuno Umbala osezantsi. Apha phezu kukho udaka yamandulo, umbala zifuna ukuba ngqombela, echachambileyo phantsi kwempembelelo kwexesha.

Lo mfanekiso phezu abakhenkethi ezininzi kuthetha eyimfihlakalo Mars. Kubonakala ukuba nje kuba kule planethi oku.

emqolombeni

Kule namawaka amabini eminyaka eyadlulayo, ithombo lwentaba kunoko, akhiwa dubulo esebenzayo wadala ilitye amasimi ngokubanzi, ezithi zibekwe ukuya kwelingasentla mlilo. Umaleko eliphezulu kwexesha mlilo ziyahlala ngexesha ukuhamba, yaye waqhubeka ukugeleza lwangaphakathi.

Ngenxa yale meko zendalo eyaziwa namhlanje wambumba mlilo emiqolombeni mlilo Somnikelo. ukhenketho Weekend ihlelwe ukusuka Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, ukuze wonk 'ubani uyabona ezi zakhiwo ezizodwa.

Bebonke mlilo otshiswayo emiqolombeni, neshumi elinesine. Baye ice "umgangatho" kunye ezimnyama angqukuva. ubude yabo isusela ukusuka ezilishumi elinesithandathu ukuya ikhulu elinamanci mane eemitha. Ukuze abakhenkethi nokuhlola ngoku zintandathu kuphela kubo.

iqhuma

Ebudeni benkulungwane yokugqibela isiqingatha mlilo atshiswayo izihlandlo zibe sixhenxe kuphela. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela iye yabhalwa kuphela kwentaba ababuthathaka ukuba ukukhulula isixa esikhulu yerhasi, isanti kunye nothuthu. umsebenzi sokugqibela ehlotyeni ka-2010. Yavusa ukuhla kwinqanaba amachibi, kunyuka ukukhutshwa zomhlaba kunye nomphunga. Zazibonakala naxa Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Phantse wonke amabini eminyaka otshisiwe kubonisa amandla anawo amangalisayo namandla, okuphuma mlilo abetheka phezu komhlaba, betshiswa kolulwa phezu kumgama ozikilometa ezilishumi. Yaye ngexesha senze uluhlu lubonakala ngokuba umsebenzi fumarole ekhuthele kakhulu.

Anyuke mlilo otshisiwe

uhambo mini-nye ukuya mlilo amadini - ukhenketho elula kodwa ngonaphakade umdla lemini. Yena uya eninzi uchulumanco kunye iifoto ezinkulu. iphulo Organised of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky senzelwe abakhenkethi kuzo zonke izigaba zobudala. Kuthatha inxaxheba, abantwana bade kunye nabantu oqeqesho ahlukeneyo emzimbeni.

Ngokunyuka awufuni izixhobo ukucaca uqeqesho olukhethekileyo. Hi ndlela leyi, onokunyuka mlilo otshisiwe ngokwakho, nabo, ungenza. Petropavlovsk indlela uyakwazi ukufikelela lo mgodi of a mlilo Somnikelo (ukususela phakathi kuJulayi).

Ukhenketho uthatha ngenye imini. Kwi kokwenyuka ngokwayo, kwakunye ekuhleni ingathatha ukuya kwiiyure ezintandathu. Road to Caldera kuthatha iiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4. Oku kuxhomekeka kubukho iimeko ikhephu ulandelele.

Xa imozulu ecacileyo ukusuka phezulu mlilo zabakhenkethi otshisiwe uyakwazi ngaxeshanye ukubona extinct kunye esebenzayo ezininzi mlilo: Mutnovsky Zhirovsky, Asacha, Vilyuchinsky, Opala, emazantsi - Priomysh, Khodutka, Ilyinsky, Zheltovsky ngasentla -Arik, Aag, Avachinskiy, Koryak, njl - iqela Zhupanovsky mlilo Dzendzur, mlilo Tolmachevo Dale.

Iindawo ezinika umdla Tips

1. Ukuba uceba uhambo ukuya mlilo otshisiwe, cinga kwangaphambili malunga iinkuni. Kwisiza ukufumana nabo awukwazi. Wood buyisela nesikopi igesi.
2. Thobela ukuba ukukhetha ententeni - kufuneka iqhubeke. Kule ndawo imimoya mlilo enamandla kakhulu.
3. Nature kule ndawo ulula kakhulu, ngoko iintyatyambo zengingqi kungcono ukuba ube nje ukuthatha iifoto, kodwa hayi uziqobe ezo zinto, kunye nengca ezimbalwa kunye ingca kufuneka ingasetyenziswa ukuba umlilo.