Hydroid (jellyfish): isakhiwo, ukuzala, zomzimba

Iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zaselwandle ngokunjalo, engasayi kungekudala uluntu luza kuba nako ukufunda kubo ngokupheleleyo. Noko ke, nkqu ixesha elide kwaye ezaziwayo-kakuhle aquatics phandle nga kusimangalise iimpawu ezingabonwayo unangoku. Umzekelo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba hydroid ixhaphakileyo (jellyfish) soze afe ngenxa yokwaluphala. Kubonakala ngathi le nto sisidalwa kuphela yaziwe emhlabeni, anazo ukungafi.

morphology jikelele

Hydroid jellyfish fanele ukuba uhlobo coelenterate, hydroid eklasini. Yiyo ke leyo imizalwane osondele polyp, kodwa nzima ngakumbi. Mhlawumbi wonke umntu uyazi kakuhle indlela lubonakale njenge jellyfish - amavili selubala, yamaHindu okanye neentsimbi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba i constriction abusazinge phakathi komzimba okanye ukuba elimile ibhola. Medusa akanayo emlonyeni, kodwa kukho nkawu ngomlomo. Abanye abantu baye nokuba Mpondwana encinane epinki emancamini.

Inkqubo sokugaya ye-jellyfish kuthiwa gastrovascular. Banalo esiswini, ukusuka apho ukuya kwimiphetho umzimba kumka ijelo ezine iphiramidi, angangeni ijelo eqhelekileyo thunzi.

Iimpondo kunye iiseli abuhlungu ibekwe emancamini umzimba mnye isambuleli, bakhonza zombini ilungu oluvo wetatshi, kwaye nesixhobo kuzingela. Amathambo ilahlekile, kodwa kukho izihlunu ezenza lihamba jellyfish. Ezinye zenyathi Mpondwana kunye uguqulwe statocysts statolith - amaziko kuvuselele. A indlela motion kuxhomekeke kudidi, apho fanele a hydroid ethile (jellyfish). Veliswa nokwakha nawo ziya kwahluka.

hydromedusae luvo kuyinto inethiwekhi iiseli abazinzileyo elunxwemeni ifomu isambrela emakhonkcweni amabini: intlawuliso lwangaphandle sensitive, zangaphakathi - lo mbutho. Abanye baye amehlo ukukhanya-sensitive, ibekwe phezu kumhlaba nemisipha.

Types jellyfish hydroid

Subclasses ukuba babe intsalela amalungu best - statocysts ebizwa trahilidami. Bathi bedlula ukugxothwa amanzi iambrela. Kwakhona kufuneka iseyile - a neziqu abusazinge kwicala elingaphakathi ukuvala Imveliso esuka kwi lapho umzimba. Wongezelela athi Isantya jellyfish xa uqhuba.

Leptolidy amathuba statocyst, okanye senziwa similise igutyana okhethekileyo, ngaphakathi apho kusenokubakho statoliths omnye okanye ngaphezulu. Zihamba amanzi ayikho izidubuli ngenxa iambrela yabo kungancitshiswa kwaye kaninzi kakhulu.

Kusekho hydrocorals medusoid, kodwa sifana ngokwaneleyo kwaye kancinane jellyfish eziqhelekileyo.

Chondrophores bahlala kumathanga ezinkulu. Inxalenye polyp zabo vypochkovyvaet jellyfish eziphila ngokwabo.

Siphonophores - hydroid (jellyfish), ubume leyo engaqhelekanga kwaye unika umdla. Yinto ithanga yonke, apho ngalinye lenza indima yalo ekusebenzeni yonke eziphilayo. Ngokwangaphandle, kubonakala ngathi oku: ngaphezulu kwiqamza enkulu edada ngohlobo iphenyane. Uye glands ezivelisa yigesi kuyanceda ziyabuya phezulu. Ukuba siphonophores ufuna ukubuyela nzulu - nje buyasikhulula umzimba wakho kwimisipha ngakumbi. Phantsi iqamza esiqwini ye enye ibekwe uhlobo iintsimbi ezincinane jellyfish lokudada, bamlandela gastrozoidy (okanye abazingeli), ngoko gonofory esinenjongo - ukuzala.

buphindwe

Hydroid jellyfish yindoda okanye ibhinqa. Ukuchumisa kaninzi kwenzeka ngaphandle, kunokuba ngaphakathi emzimbeni wemazi. Gonads jellyfish ise nokuba nkawu ectoderm ngomlomo, okanye ectoderm isambrela phantsi iindlela iphiramidi.

Iiseli sex aqolileyo ngaphandle ukuyilwa breaks ezizodwa. Okulandelayo, baqala ayichithe, ekusekeni blastula, inxalenye apho egazi retracts ngaphakathi. Isiphumo i endoderm. Ekuhambeni kophuhliso ngakumbi inani ezithile zaso bazale ibe umgodi. It is at kweli nqanaba iqanda, umbungu uba planuly ngoko luhlala phezu ezantsi, apho iguqulelwa gidropolip. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba eqalisa ukuvelisa amagqabi polyp ezintsha kunye meduzok amancinci. Emva koko ke ukukhulisa nokuphuhlisa eziphilayo ezizimeleyo. Kwezinye iintlobo planul kwakhiwa medusae kuphela.

Ukuguqulwa neqanda kuxhomekeke koko uhlobo, iintlobo okanye zenyathi fanele hydroid (jellyfish). Physiology buphindwe, ngokunjalo kubume, ezahlukeneyo.

Apho bahlala

Uninzi kweentlobo kuhlala elwandle, kuba anqabe kakhulu ke kulo amanzi. Wabafumana ukuba babe eYurophu, eMelika, eAfrika, eAsia, kunye Australia. Ukuba uvele amatanki gases, kunye namachibi enziweyo. Baphi polyp kunye hydroids njengesifundo ehlabathini, de inzululwazi engacacanga.

Siphonophores, chondrophores, hydrocorals, trahilidy ubomi kuphela elwandle. Kuphela leptolid inokufumaneka ngamanzi ahlaziyekileyo. Kodwa yingozi kunye nabameli phakathi kwabo kuba ngaphantsi kakhulu elwandle.

Ngalinye iintlobo ze jellyfish kuthatha kwendawo yayo, umzekelo, nayiphi na ulwandle ethile, ichibi okanye bay. Oko kwandiswa kuphela ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, ingakumbi jellyfish musa imimandla emitsha bamba. Ezinye kakhulu ezifana yengqele, ngoxa abanye - ubushushu. Aphile kufutshane kumphezulu okanye ubunzulu. Le yokugqibela yi hayi eziziimpawu ukufuduka, kanti kuqala ukuze ukuze bafumane ukutya, eshiya imini nzulu kwikholam emanzini, yaye ebusuku lisanyuka phezulu kwakhona.

indlela yokuphila

Isizukulwana sokuqala kumjikelo ubomi hydroid - liqhubu. Okwesibini - jellyfish hydroid kunye nomzimba ngaphaya. Ngolo hlobo yenza mesogloea enamandla yophuhliso. It gelled kwaye iqulethe amanzi. Kungenxa kunzima ukubona jellyfish emanzini. Hydroids ngenxa Ukwahluka kwe kwenziwe kunye nobukho kwizizukulwana ezahlukeneyo athathe asasazwa kokusingqongileyo.

Jellyfish kudla zooplankton ukutya. Imibungu ezinye iintlobo zitya amaqanda intlanzi Qhotsa. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye bona ngokwabo ziyinxalenye kwitsheyini lokutya.

Hydroid (jellyfish), indlela yobomi, enyanisweni, nithandaze ukutya, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa, Kakade, awufikeleli kugqithiso ezifana stsifoidy. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu be hydroid isambuleli esingadlulanga 30 cm okhuphisana eziphambili -. Intlanzi Planktivorous.

Kakade ke, ukuba kwiintshaba, kwaye kakhulu ayingozi ebantwini. Zonke jellyfish babe iiseli abuhlungu, ezisetyenziswa ngexesha ekuzingeleni kwakhe.

Yintoni hydroids umahluko ukusuka stsifoidov

Ezi mpawu morphological kuba phambi iseyile. Stsifoidy azinazo. Ajongeka inkulu kakhulu kwaye baphile kuphela kwiilwandle kunye neelwandle. tsianeya Arctic ububanzi ukuya ku-2 m, kodwa ubuhlungu yayo iiseli abuhlungu ludla ukwenzakalisa enkulu abantu. Khula ukuya stsifoidam ubungakanani enkulu inceda ngaphezu hydroids, inani iphiramidi ebonisa amajelo gastrovascular. Kwaye ezinye iindidi jellyfish zidliwa umntu.

Kukho umahluko uhlobo sesindululo - hydroids wonqanyulwa groove njengoko emazantsi isambuleli kunye stsifoidy - intsimbi ngokupheleleyo. Xa Mpondwana yokugqibela elide kunye namaziko nemizwa. isakhiwo lwabo kwakhona ezahlukeneyo, ekubeni kukho stsifoidov kwezihlunu kunye nemithambo kwithishyu. Basoloko dioecious, azinayo yokuveliswa kwezityalo kunye ngamathanga. Le eyodwa.

Scyphomedusae ngokumangalisayo zintle - babe nokunika imibala eyahlukileyo, kufuneka iintshinga kungqameko kunye imilo engaqhelekanga kwensimbi. Kuyinto la mabanjwa amanzi abe namaqhawekazi iinkqubo zikamabonwakude malunga elwandle nolwandle izilwanyana.

Hydroid jellyfish ongenakufa

Hayi kudala, oosonzululwazi bafumanisa ukuba jellyfish turitopsis cnidarian nutrikula ube amangalisayo ukwazi. Olu hlobo ingafi yokufa yendalo! Ibaleka amaxesha amaninzi njengentsika ngokutsha lo. Ibiya kuthetha ukuba yonke into ilula kakhulu - ufikelele ebudaleni, jellyfish ubuye ibe liqhubu kwaye sele udlule zonke izigaba lokuvuthwa kwakhona. Kwaye ngoko ke isangqa.

Nutrikula uhleli zeCaribbean yaye ubukhulu encinane kakhulu - sangqa neambrela ka-5 mm.

Isibakala sokuba jellyfish hydroid ongafiyo, waziwa ngengozi. Scientist Fernando Boero evela eItali wafunda hydroids kwaye baqhube imifuniselo nabo. abantu abaliqela turitopsis nutrikula babekwa an akwariyam, kodwa amava ngenxa yesizathu esithile yalibaziseka ixesha elide kangaka, amanzi yomile. Boero, ukufumana oko, ndagqiba ekubeni ndifunde iintsalela ezomileyo, kwaye ndaqonda ukuba zange afe, kodwa baphosa Mpondwana kwindawo abe. Ngenxa yoko, jellyfish apha naphaya iimeko engentle yokusingqongileyo zakuklilals zokulindela ngamaxesha ezingcono. Emva kokuba ezidla zifakwe emanzini baba polyp Umjikelo wobomi sele uqalile.

abameli eyingozi jellyfish hydroid

Le mbono kakhulu nentle ngokuba le ndoda Portuguese (siphonophores Physalia) yaye esinye sezilwanyana yolwandle kakhulu yingozi. intsimbi yayo shimmers imibala ezahlukeneyo, ezifana elinesoya kuye, kodwa ukusondela ayikhuthazwa. Physalia ingafunyanwa kwi kunxweme Australia, i-Pacific and nolwase-India, nkqu kwiMeditera. Mhlawumbi le yenye iintlobo ezininzi hydroids - ubude kwiqamza ingaba 15-20 cm Kodwa into embi - .. Mpondwana ngumntu, leyo ukuya kubunzulu-30 m Physalia ukuhlasela ixhoba labo kunye iiseli ezinetyhefu abuhlungu ukuba ashiye ukutsha kakhulu. Kuyingozi kakhulu ukudibana abantu inqanawa IsiPhuthukezi abaye buthathaka amajoni omzimba, kukho umkhwa ku negazi lakho.

Ngokubanzi, i-jellyfish hydroid azinabungozi, ngokungafaniyo oodade babo stsifoidov. Kodwa ngokubanzi kungcono ukuphepha ukuqhagamshelana nawuphi na ummeli lweentlobo. Bonke bephela ilifa iiseli ehlabayo. Ukuze umntu ukuze ngetyhefu yabo ayikho ingxaki, yaye umntu uya kakubi kakhulu ngakumbi. Konke kuxhomekeke ngamnye.