Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi "Flow". indlela engaqhelekanga ukuba ulonwabo

Ukuze lo mbuzo, "Ngaba wonwabile?" Abantu abaninzi nekungenakwenzeka ukuba aphendule eziqhitsini. Ngokuba umntu ngamnye ingqiqo ulonwabo luquka iqela lezinto ezahlukeneyo. Oku kubonisa ukuba imeko kakuhle-ntle into ezikhathazayo. Kodwa ukuba ulonwabo ekhona, nto leyo eya kuba iimpawu ayinakuguqulwa yaye ukongama? Lo mbuzo uphendulwa yi ngengqondo Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.

amava Theory ngqo kunye nolwazi mihla kwengqondo

Uninzi kwengqondo kuphuhliso ingcamango yakhe isekelwe izinto efunyenwe izigulane mpilweni - bangonwabi. Ngokomzekelo, omnye psychoanalysis loo kaFreud ezaziwayo-kakuhle.

Yabasebenzi, leyo wadala Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi - "Flow. psychology of ulwazi olukhulu "- ubonisa enye iingqiqo kakhulu ehlonelwayo kwinzululwazi psychological mihla. Csikszentmihalyi, ezifana Maslow, nguye lo nzulu abamisela lembombo onempilo. theory flow ifumana isicelo ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo yesicelo. Le Unyango lwezonyango, ukwandisa ukusebenza kwiinkqubo zemfundo, umsebenzi lezoluleko abaphuli-mthetho abangabantwana.

Yintoni engekhoyo Homo sapiens?

Kule mihla, abaninzi ngaphandle izizathu bafanekisele ekupheleni kwimpucuko yaseYurophu. Kwelinye icala, basoloko belibala ngobungakanani kwinkqubela yimpumelelo. Csikszentmihalyi ugxininisa ikhono lethu ngaphezulu uhlasela ngaphandle kweno abantu, umzekelo, ngexesha eRoma yamandulo. Yintoni aninako ukwenza le ndoda? Impendulo ilula: akaba nako konwaba. Kwaye yintoni eyona, kule nkalo, nkqu nayiphi na inkqubela.

manani baza zibonisa: kumazwe oluphucukileyo, ukususela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, kukho ukunyuka okuthe chu kakhulu kwamanani ukuzibulala.

State of intlalo-ntle kunye nenkcubeko mihla

Kwincwadi yakhe, ISAZINZULU iqukumbela ukuba ulonwabo ligama ayinyani. Ukwanelisa iimfuno zomntu umntu ekugqibeleni sijongene yokuba endaweni yabo entsha. Well-being isoloko buyacutheka ezandleni. inkcubeko nganye uye wafuna indlela yalo ukusombulula le ngxaki. Umzekelo, ndawonye nokholo kuThixo. Kodwa sazi njani abantu wenza onwabe? Xa boyisiwe iinkolelo, ingazeki indawo yazo elide kangaka ngenxa okulungileyo: ubutyebi, igunya, kunye neentlobano zesini. Kodwa ukuzisa uxolo.

Ngoko safunda indlela yokwanelisa iimfuno zethu zenyama, kodwa ngokwasemoyeni. Kucacile ukuba ulonwabo luqinisekiswa kakhulu kanye iimeko esenza ubomi. Umntu ngaphandle uphahla phezu kwentloko yakho akunakwenzeka ukuba uzive wanelisekile. Akubone ngehlombe nabantu abahlala kwindawo ezingazinzanga wezopolitiko kakhulu. Kakade ke, asinakukwazi ukonwaba ngokupheleleyo abo babe neengxaki kubomi bentsapho.

Yintoni imeko obhobhozayo kunye neempawu zayo

Kodwa, ngoko abantu priori akakwazi ukufumana uxolo? UThixo ke ulunika ngamnye umnqamlezo wakhe, ngokufuthi ezigqala ezinganyamezelekiyo.

Csikszentmihalyi ukwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo. Into yokuba umntu kufuneka ukubamba ulonwabo ayinyani iintaka - hayi ubukho abamba kunye nokungabikho ngokupheleleyo iingxaki. Kwaye nkqu imo zokuphumla. Yintoni esiya kuthi, ukuba 1.4% abazibulalayo ukwenza njalo ngenxa kuhluthe ebomini ....

No. Ulonwabo kuzisa into eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo; Isazinzulu ulunika igama "amanzi." Book (Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi ubanga ukuba umphumo lezifundo ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu) swi ngayo nabani na ukufezekisa oko. Ngumzali, ikho nokubakho lifana intlungu. Oku - usukelo.

Ngaba sifanele uziva ukhululekile sifuna ngayo? Kwaye ke impendulo yalo mbuzo nalo negative. Akuthandeki ukuba imbaleki yomkhosi yokugqibela isondela entanjeni, uvakalelwa ngathi ekhaya esitulweni.

Ubume kolawulo kunye negunya phezu iziganeko yobomi bakhe kwaye ichaza Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Stream - indawo apho umntu lingaphezulu namandla akhe; Kwelo nqanaba, apho unako ukufumana ulonwabo lokwenene.

ingqondo yabantu isebenza njani

Inyaniso yokuba wethu kukuba we ze ukufezekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo kunye ukuzaliseka yonke iminqweno, utsho Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. I-flow yohlukile imeko ulwaneliseko yethutyana ukuze yokugqibela kungenxa yezinto. Kuba abathile, imiqobo - siyinto na ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo kubo. Kuba abanye - stimulus leyo ebangela ukuba lo yoxinaniso ubuninzi kunye imbono lolawulo.

Consciousness liziphatha ngokukhetha ngokuphathelele kulo lonke ulwazi iyantlukwano lokusingqongileyo. It 'udla "kuyo ezo ziqwenga efanelana umxholo wayo. yoxinaniso okugwenxa kukhokelela kuphela banzi yayo. Ngenxa yoko, umntu ofika imo disorder sangaphakathi, okanye entropy, ngokungafaniyo ulonwabo.

Indlela ukungena kwimeko ngobhobhozo?

Imeko ngokudala ukuntywiliselwa lokuhamba umsebenzi, utsho Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Ukufumana Flow umntu kufuneka abe nako ukuchonga ngokwabo abo efanayo ehambisana nobuchule bakhe, nokuphosa uxanduva. Iindidi imisebenzi enjalo engenakubalwa. Kusenokuba nantoni: ukhuphiswano kwezemidlalo ezahlukeneyo, ufunde ukuba izakhono kubugcisa obubonakalayo, umsebenzi kwinkalo yoshishino, utsho Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Flow wezengqondo kungumba obalulekileyo: imo ulonwabo lokwenene akwenzeki ngaphandle umgudu omkhulu.

Nangona oko kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo kwiimeko ezininzi ngaphandle umgudu ayikwazi ukukwenza, uyasilumkisa Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Stream ayikho inkxaso kwabo abanxaxhayo.

Ngenxa yoko, ngokwaneliseka zabantu kufuneka - indima ebalulekileyo ebomini, kodwa kakuhle ongaphakathi na entsimini eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. "Stream" - incwadi (Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi ugxininisa emhlabeni wayo), nto leyo tsakela ukufundisa wonke abacoci-zabelo eenkampani ngamazwe.