Mark Dvoretsky: engobomi, impumelelo, iincwadi

Mark Dvoretsky - indoda enkulu eyingqondi, abafundileyo. Waye iqhawe kukhuphiswano e wechess, kodwa ndagqiba ekubeni ndilunike ukwenza ndedwa ugqithele ngcamango. Butler waba umqeqeshi omkhulu, ngenxa yoqeqesho lwakhe kwilizwe lethu ukuphuhlisa abadlali grandmasters ezininzi.

A kangako wechess

Chess - i umdlalo mandulo, owayebonakele eIndiya. Yena unembali ende. Itshesi, kubume bayo - nengqondo kunye umdlalo kwezemidlalo. Kodwa kukwakhulisa amandla, ingqondo, ubuchule bokucinga.

Umdlalo has ibhodi iseli-64 kunye iziqwenga 32. Iiseli imibala emnyama namhlophe alternate kunye namanye, iziqwenga 16 imibala emnyama namhlophe yamanani 16. Kakuhle eli umdlalo ichess ukuba checkmate nani elikhuselayo ukumkani. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka bacinge move nganye, ngoko mdlalo kufuneka ucinge ngokuqiqisisisayo nazi kakuhle imithetho.

Omnye umdlalo unokuthatha iiyure okanye iintsuku, ngaloo ndlela ezakha amandla yokuthanda nabalinganiswa. Oku wafundisa abantu abaninzi. Umntu waba eyaziwa umdlali lizwe nokuba lihlabathi, ngoxa abanye zahlala andilociko. Wayengomnye wabadlali abakhulu abaqeqeshi bakhulu ehlabathini waba Mark Izrailevich Dvoretsky, owaba udumile uloyiso bakhe wechess imidlalo e Georgia, eRashiya kunye USSR.

Mark Dvoretsky: biography

Butler wazalwa eMoscow ngoDisemba 9, 1947. Yena wafumana imfundo yakhe imathematika e Moscow State University, kodwa waqhubeka umsebenzi wakhe ngendlela uvalo. Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokuphumelela, waba umdlali chess yobungcali.

Emva zoloyiso kwinqanaba lehlabathi Dvoretskiy Mark Izrailevich waqalisa ukubhala izakhono ukufundisa iincwadi chess ngaxeshanye waqalisa ukuqeqesha abadlali, owathi kamva baba ziinkosi zemidlalo kwi grandmasters ichess yaye enkulu kungekhona kuphela USSR naseRashiya, kodwa phesheya. Phakathi aba bantu: Sergey Dolmatov, uArtur Yusupov, Nana Alexandria, evgeniy Bareev.

Mark Dvoretsky wabhala ezininzi ezikumgangatho ophezulu iincwadi luncedo kakhulu ithiyori kwaye aluncedo. On kubo uyakwazi ukufunda ngokwabo baze bazuze iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ngoku ezi ncwadi athandwa kakhulu, bafunda yonke into ukususela koyena mncinane kuse koyena mkhulu. Kwezi ncwadi wakhula isizukulwana ngaphezu kwesinye abadlali, abanye babo angamaqhawe.

engqondweni yohlalutyo eXcellent yanikezwa ilungelo Mark Dvoretsky. "Le endgame ncwadi," nto leyo yena wabhala zibonisa kakuhle kakhulu italente ubuchule ichess ubunini kunye nezakhono nasekuqeqesheni Mark Butler. Yena ngokukhawuleza ukufumana isisombululo ekunene kuyo nayiphi na imeko, nokuba bubomi, nokuba kukho ingxaki chess.

Dvoretskiy Mark Izrailevich wayeyindoda ikrelekrele kakhulu imfundo. Naye kwakunokwenzeka ukuba uthethe ngayo yonke into. Yena owayebakhathalele abafundi bakhe kwaye ukhathazeka ngazo, bendisoloko ziyaxhaswa yaye wabanika imiyalelo, ukuba baqalise ukuba ningethi amandla. nenkuthalo kakhulu linguMarko Dvoretsky. Chess - nantso into akazange ningadinwa ukucinga, ibonise, kwaye ubhale, ukukhetha iintlobo zobuchule kunye amaqhinga. Nokuba xa begula, akazange ayeke ukuba ukubhala iincwadi, ukulungisa iimpazamo ukuba abafundi bakhe waveza kuhle. Kwaye loo nto, Mark Dvoretsky waba noburhalarhume kubo, kodwa kunokuba nombulelo. Yena Ndandikhathazekile ukuba ngenxa yezi iimpazamo lwaphula kukhuphiswano ibalulekileyo wechess, kunye nabafundi bakhe balahlekelwa.

Impumelelo Mark Butler

1973 for Mark Butler yaba ebonakalayo ukuba le Moscow chess intshatsheli. Xa lobuntshatsheli lwe USSR ngo-1974 Mark Dvoretsky wathabatha iindawo 5 kunye 7. Kulo nyaka omnye ngo-kwiitumente amazwe Polanica Zdroj kunye Wijk umlomo Zee naye waba indoda efuna undikho.

Butler waba kakhulu kancinane isihloko nguGrandmaster, kodwa wagqiba ukufundisa kunye aqeqeshe abanye abantu ukuba ndibanike amava nokudlala itshesi. Kungekudala amava transfer izakhono Ugqwesile ubuchule bakhe, yaye ngowe-1979, 1981 no-1987, waba umqeqeshi chess abazukileyo RSFSR, Georgia kunye USSR, waza waba kakuhle yayibafanele abanyanisekileyo umqeqeshi.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Mark Izrailevich umqeqeshi kakhulu anempembelelo, impumelelo kunye nobungcali ehlabathini. Kubuchule bakhe sethiyori practical olusafundayo isizukulwana layo elikhulu labafundi.

Ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi, inkosi kwayo wechess uye wasifundisa nezigcaliselo Nana Alexandria Artur Yusupov, Alexey Dreev, Alexander Motyleva, Sergei Dolmatov, Ivan Popov, Viorel Bologan, Vadim Zvyagintsev, uErnesto Inarkiev Vladimir Potkina kunye nabanye abadlali. Nalo olu qeqesho zibe ngamaqela abasezantsi baba neentshatsheli ehlabathini, eYurophu, babethi isihloko ephezulu chess. Butler waba amava bafundise kuphela umfundi ngamnye, kodwa kungekudala iqela lesizwe lonke.

Mark Dvoretsky waba yimbangi iincwadi ezininzi kunye namanqaku, apho abacombululele iingcinga zakhe neengcamango. Baye baba zithandwa kakhulu, kwaye oku namhla zifundiswa phantse bonke abadlali ehlabathini. Ezi iincwadi: "Le endgame incwadi Mark Butler", "Uphuhliso yokucinga okudala chess", "play ngokokuma", "neThekhinoloji umdlalo chess," "Iimfihlelo Ivula Amalungiselelo", "Iindlela Teaching wechess", "Etudes thethe", " umdlalo kolimo "kunye nezinye iincwadi ezaziwayo-kakuhle.

Incwadi "School of Excellence. Endgame. umdlalo kolimo "

Le ncwadi yokuqala, nelungiselelwe abadlali abo basandula kuqalisa kunye grandmasters. Umbhali uchaza iindlela ezahlukeneyo ekwenzeni naziphi na izigqibo ezivela umdlalo wechess. Le ncwadi inamacandelo amane.

"School of Excellence. umdlalo kolimo "

Le yesibini incwadi egameni series. Kubhaliwe kwathiwa ukwenzela ukwenza abadlali chess umfundi eliphezulu. Yena kuqala kukhululwa Russian kunye izongezelelo izilungiso. Umisela imisebenzi yovavanyo ezahlukeneyo imithambo ekufuneka ukuba ziqulunqe isicwangciso se wechess nobuchule, jonga elibukhali kwi indibanisela amaqhinga kunye ukucinga uhamba kwangaphambili.

"School of Excellence. qhinga "

Nesinye isahlulo sesithathu, apho wathi ngamaqhekeza bakhumbula abafundi bakhe imidlalo Mark Izrailevich. Kukho nkqu imidlalo iqela epheleleyo. Kwakhona inika iimpendulo kwimibuzo ngethuba lokhuphiswano phakathi-kwinqanaba eliphezulu chess ezivelayo.

"School of Excellence. Kakhulu Party "

Isahlulo sesine uthotho amagama, kwaye lokugqibela. Kwincwadi phambi kokuba imiba yayo yee-kuchaziwe, njani ukuba abe nguGrandmaster, ndiyayigocagoca iimfihlelo izifundo ithiyori and practical. Kwisiqingatha sesibini sale ncwadi ichaza umdlalo kakhulu entsonkothileyo chess Marko Butler, iingcamango yakhe ngelo xesha, ingcamango, uhlalutyo ngabunye, iimpazamo kunye neendlela zazo nokulungisa. Kwakhona, kukho iingcebiso kunye neengcebiso malunga ukulungiselela kakuhle ukuze umdlalo itshesi, umdlalo okanye ukhuphiswano. Kuphela kule ichaza amaqhinga kunye nobuchule, kunye nezinto uhlalutyo chess lwezakhono.

"Mark Dvoretsky hlaziya. Workshop Tutorial for Future Champions "

Le ncwadi yapapashwa imiqulu emibini. Ziquka zonke atshintshele umbhali, izigqibo zakhe, ukuhlalutya, iziphumo kunye neengcamango. Kwakhona uchaze umzabalazo zengqondo zombhali. Ekubeni umbhali ethe kakhulu, neengqondi, indoda efundile, echaza zonke iinkcukacha zincinane kule ncwadi ukuba umfundi, ukufunda, bajula kungena kakuhle eli umdlalo, bafunda ukulawula iingcinga zakhe, iintshukumo baze bacinge zonke kuvunyelwane zabo.

Unobangela kokufa Mark Butler

Utitshala chess wafa September 26, 2016 eMoscow. Wayeneminyaka eli-68 ubudala. Le mithombo cwaka malunga nesizathu sokuba afe. Omnye wabafundi bakhe wathi ngo-Agasti wayegula kakhulu, kodwa waqhubeka ukusebenza ngqangi yakhe, belungisa iimpazamo ngumphelelisi, ngoko kwaba nzima kuthi ukuba umbhali kunye nomqeqeshi uyagula. Le abagulayo musa ukubiza. Ngoko ke, unobangela wokufa ayaziwa Mark Butler. Ke wangcwatywa Mitino emangcwabeni.