Archbishop uSeraphim sana: engobomi, nangezimanga, photo

kunomoya ngoNovemba 1920 wemka Sevastopol pier ekhaya inqanawa "Khersones", ukungenisa le yokushiywa abo izolo kuphela ezingalweni ukuzama ukulwa wesiphithiphithi kusondela. Phakathi amagosa ababekhonza phezu kweqonga iimbono ehamba shwaka kude Beach, wayeyindoda ende ezingamashumi amane ingubo emishini - Bishop uSeraphim (sana).

Lwabantwana kunye neminyaka yokufunda ikamva le uyazidela

Kuyo Saint uSeraphim (sana) ngoDisemba 13, 1881 ngo Ryazan. Elubhaptizweni ngcwele yena igama Nicholas. Wafumana ngaphambili imfundo ekhaya, ngo-1894, ezilishumi kohl waye ababhalise esikolweni Ryazan ngokomoya. Ekubeni kuvavanyo yokungena yena ngaphezu ulwazi lwakhe iintanga, umhloli wakufumanisa ukuba babhalise Nicholas ngexesha kanye eklasini yesibini.

Lo mfana, onesiphiwo ngemvelo ingqondo benelungelo unyamezelo, kwaba lula iminyaka emithandathu esikolweni, ukuba ube phakathi abafundi zamawonga ekupheleni kwesifundo yaye ngowe-1904 wangena St. Petersburg Theological Academy. Nantsi bazi kakhulu ukuba kuphela indlela eyenzelwe ebomini kukuba ukukhonza uThixo, umfundi oselula wavakalisa umnqweno break lonke ihlabathi engento kwaye abe indela. Ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 1908, sele kunyaka ophelileyo kule Academy, wathabatha izifungo emishini igama uSeraphim, imbeko ongcwele uThixo St. uSeraphim of Sarov, obemquqela kulo lonke eli phulo, kunye nenyanga kamva wamiselwa ebubingelelini.

Ukuqala izinto zonqulo asebenzayo

NgoSeptemba waloo nyaka Hieromonk uSeraphim bajamelana ukuziphendulela ithisisi. isihloko yakhe wanyula imfundiso yokuthobeka okuqhutywa zooyise ezingcwele V XV-iinkulungwane ngokwesiseko apho ingqokelela yemisebenzi zabuya, owaziwa ngelika "Philokalia". Academic Council of the Academy, ngomsebenzi umsebenzi graduate, ngamxhelo ezivunyiweyo, kwaye usihlalo wale khomishini, uNjingalwazi FF Bronzov wakubona kufanelekile ukwenza ukuba amaxwebhu imvume ingxelo ukuba izinga lo msebenzi ngaphaya umda yethisisi yenkosi.

Le wezakwalizwi ivula amathuba ukuze career kwangoko kunye nempumelelo. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana idiploma Hieromonk uSeraphim (sana) uyalelwe ukuba umsebenzi zokufundisa e Zhitomir, kwaza ke ukulungela ukusebenza, apho umenzi-ofisi yesikolo zonqulo intsumpa. Ke kaloku ngonyaka ngamnye iba leri inyathelo umsebenzi kuye. Ngowe-1911, yena - umhloli sabefundisi Kostroma, yaye ngo-1912 - i Umphathi sobufundisi ka Voronezh. Ngako oko, liphuma ndanimisela. E Voronezh, waba Archimandrite. Kunye nokufundisa, FR uSeraphim (sana), umhleli we iphephandaba lasekuhlaleni "Diocesan iGazethi 'yakhe.

Imisebenzi ubufundisi abavukeli

Ngqonyela sikhundla de-1918, kodwa sele ekuqaleni msebenzi ujongene imiqondiso yokuqala yentlekele elizayo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba omnye mpembelelo zamandla okuqhuba endleleni ukuwisa ekhoyo ngelo ukumkani Russian ukuba umzimba umfundi.

Oku akothusi. izimvo zentlalo Young, ngokulula efanele entsha, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphandle injezu kunye nomtsalane, abafundi badla abe CD ezandleni izama zezopolitiko. Isimanga, kodwa lisetyenziswa ngokulinganayo nje kuphela abafundi zeeyunivesithi Soviet, kodwa abafundi kwizikolo ngezakwaLizwi, ukuthatha indima ebonakalayo nakugwayimbo ezopolitiko kunye nemiboniso.

Abafundi Voronezh Ngqonyela sabefundisi leyo Archimandrite uSeraphim (sana) ngaphandle kokukhetha. Ngaphezu koko, phambi kokuqeshwa kwakhe kwisikhundla esikolweni "azukiswe" lonke Russia yinyaniso yokuba abafundi bakhe wenza iinzame kwi Ngqonyela yangaphambili elikhethiweyo. Ileta evela kuBawo uSeraphim omnye oogxa bakhe, apho sympathized kunye Ngqonyela abaqeshwa, ngokuthi "naibeznadozhneyshey" sobufundisi "nemvukelo".

ukuthuthela ngenkani

Emva kokuba October Revolution kunye ekuqaleni War Civil, Archimandrite uSeraphim, wawushiya umsebenzi Umphathi kunye ngokwaphula ngentsebenziswano abahleli "Diocesan IGazethi", wathumela kumazantsi Russia. Apho ke wafumana ziyisebenzise ngesakhiwo igunya neecawa, wasekwa ngo-1919, ebibanjwe kwibhunga ecaweni aseStavropol. indalo balo ngenxa yokuba iindawo ezinkulu kumazantsi eli lizwe anqamka inkokheli ibandla abaphezulu imiphambili War Civil.

Ngo-Oktobha, 1920 Simferopol, phantsi imipu kukugquma phambili Red Army, St Archimandrite uSeraphim (sana) yaphakanyiswa ukuya nobuBhishophu. Yaba yokuzahlula kwakhe lokugqibela kumhlaba ekhaya. September 14, wemka ngomkhombe ngenxa eConstantinople. Ekhohlo emva kweminyaka engamashumi amane yobomi wachitha eRashiya, ngaphambi alinde iminyaka yokushiywa.

Xa linonxweme engaqhelekanga

Ngelo xesha eConstantinople waba ligwiba abaninzi baphumile ukubhavuma uloyiso ngqiqweni bazilindele abanxilileyo le iiBolsheviks, wemka eRashiya. Ukuba kwelinye ilizwe, ngaphandle amaqhina, ngaphandle kokwazi ulwimi, yaye ngokufuthi kungekho mali, abantu ezifunekayo amazwi umfundisi kushushu kwaye onyanisekileyo, ukukwazi ukuba athuthuzele yaye ukunika amandla abo bashiya ngasemva. Ngoko ke inkokheli ngokomoya phakathi kwabo waza waba Saint. Ezazikhona (sana) ngokwayo sabanjwa ubuncinane isikhundla esinzima.

Ukwanda ngo-1920 malunga naloo yokushiywa Russian baseConstantinople yi kunyaka olandelayo, ngokuthe ngcembe oko waqalisa ukusasaza ehlabathini lonke. Kunye bakhaya babo kunxweme Bosphorus noMveleli Seraphim. indlela yakhe kubanjelwa eBulgaria, apho, nangona ixesha elide ulawulo Turkish, isithethe ngokwembali yamandulo Orthodox.

Phakathi abazalwana ukholo

Ukufika entwasahlobo ka-1921 e Sofia, afumane yokuqeshwa okokuqala zikabhishophu Bogucharsky, yaye kungekudala waba umphathi wetempile kunye yesikole owayesakuba Embassy of kwa mabandla Orthodox Russian. Apha, kwikomkhulu Bulgarian, waqhubeka feat wakhe ukukhonza uThixo, kanye ezalisekisa ngenzondelelo ayinikwe ngokuthobela, njengokuba wayedla abe eRashiya.

Ngowe-1935, i-saint elizayo uSeraphim waphakanyiselwa isikhundla uTutu. Kwaba kwi banesifo, waqalisa umsebenzi wezakwalizwi wakhe omkhulu kunye nombhali. Ngowe-1935, ngaphandle uprinte imisebenzi yakhe, apho saint kungena mpikiswano kunye nabasemagunyeni ezinjalo recognised institution of filosofi yenkolo noVladimir Solovyov, Florensky kunye Bulgakov.

iimbono ezopolitiko kunye bulumko Vladyka ezazikhona

Ngo-Agasti 1937 e-All-yamaJuda Council Church Bogucharsky Archbishop uSeraphim (sana) wenza nezinyeliso nesele leyo xesha ekuthandazeni kwakhe ecumenism - umanyano ideology vsehristianskogo. Ethetha kwimibhalo ngaBaseki beCawa, yena obungathandabuzekiyo wayengqina ukungamkeleki le mfundiso ukuya Russian Orthodox.

Emva kweminyaka emibini undicima encwadini yoshicilelo yabonakala, ngaphezulu kwe ezazikhona (sana) Bishop wasebenza kwiminyaka yakutshanje. "Ideology Russian" - njengoko wayechaza umsebenzi wakhe, nto leyo kuye ezintlwini phambi ideologists le monarchism Orthodox. Kule ncwadi, wabona lobuzwilakhe, njengoko uhlobo kunokwenzeka kuphela karhulumente eRashiya, wasigweba umgaqo Westernist of Peter I kunye nabalandeli bakhe kamva, yaye kwakhona wabiza imvuselelo yookumkani Russian.

Iingxelo kothusa abaphulaphuli

Amazwi akhe, uBhishophu ezazikhona ngaye maxa wambi olukhulu kunene. Umzekelo, abafundi abaninzi bethingaza ingcamango yakhe isigwebo sentambo kubantu ezikhuthaza akekho kwaye enetyala ngokunyelisa. Nzima ukuze athi, njengokuba umbhali edityaniswe iimboniselo efanayo kunye nemigaqo zothando zamaKristu kunye nokuxolela.

Uluhlu lwezifundo abachatshazelwa yi uBhishophu ezazikhona ngaye ebanzi kakhulu. Kumanqaku zakhe iphephandaba yena kuye, baphula kwaye lo mbuzo, njengoko ezikhoyo, ngokwembono yakhe, yintswela kwiKhalenda Gregorian siseko yobufundisi. Imbambano oluqale ngeenxa eli nqaku, akazange ayeke nokuba ixesha elide.

kuqala ngesibindi

Isiganeko esibalulekileyo ubomi Bishop ezazikhona ngaye isicelo sakhe esibhaliweyo, wathetha ngo April 1945 kwi-USSR, uBhishophu Alexy I. Kule yaqonda isicelo ukuba le Moscow labefundisi. Ngenxa umsantsa phakathi kwabo minyaka ziinkokeli zonqulo yokushiywa kunye nabazalwana babo kuKristu, owenza umsebenzi wakhe ngabalusi eSoviet Union, sinako ukucinga oko malini amandla engqondo kuye sigqibo.

Umba kumgangatho onjalo angazisombulula kuphela Stalin. Bejonge igama lakhe memo Pskov Archbishop Gregory (Chukov), abo batyelela nje phambi kwebandla Bulgarian, uBhishophu uSeraphim uchazwa njengomntu emxinwa-nye nonke, abangafundanga kwezopolitiko, lo gama besonwabela uthando amarhamente. Akufane lo msebenzi osemqoka unokuba kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngokupheleleyo njengento injongo, unikwe ukuba kubhaliwe kwathiwa ukuba intloko urhulumente yileyo, yaye wathi kwamanye amazwe, oko kukuthi, ngemilinganiselo ngelo xesha, abancethezi.

Amazing

Stalin, Noko ke, yatshintsha ngexesha nkqubo imfazwe ngokuchasene neBandla, wanika isicelo sakhe. Ekupheleni kuka-Oktobha 1945 wolawulo Moscow labefundisi of kwa mabandla asixhenxe Bulgarian zamkelwe, kwaye ngexesha elinye, uBhishophu uSeraphim (sana) wabuyela esifubeni zebandla unina. Kodwa isiganeko esiphambili yaba obuzayo - ngo-1946, yena umthetho ekhethekileyo urhulumente unikwe ubumi eSoviet.

Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-1948, emva kwekhefu ezingamashumi amabini anesibhozo Bishop uSeraphim re-wangena kumhlaba Russian. Wamenywa ukuba eMoscow ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule nkomfa, apho iintloko amabandla Orthodox autocephalous kwakufuneka sisebenze ngaphandle kwindawo eqhelekileyo ngokubhekiselele abavakalelwa ngeemvaba ebonakala xa amanye hierarchs.

Le ukufa kwabathe tye, yaye imizamo yakhe yokuzukisa

Archbishop uSeraphim wemka waya kuYehova ngoFebruwari 26, 1950 e Sofia, leyo kwaqhubeka de kufe ngumshumayeli. Ngexesha ubomi kwakhe esi sandi njengoko mdala, eyaziyo, isipho clairvoyance, yaye emva kokuphumla nemithandazo imimangaliso baqalisa lifika kuye. Nangona isibakala sokuba amakholwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo wabhenela abasemagunyeni eziphezulu nezenkolo ecela Ukumiselwa wakhe, kwathathelwa elinye ixesha elide. Kukuzukiswa St. uSeraphim (sana) ibandla yaseBulgaria ngo-2002. Esi senzo kuye kwaqatshelwa yi zonke izifundo zeCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya aphesheya. Nangona kunjalo, kwiphandle uBhishophu uSeraphim (sana) laye lamiselwa kuphela emva kweminyaka elishumi elinamine.

Le Ukumiselwa esemthethweni ongcwele kaThixo - yinkqubo ende kwaye inzima. Asinto unqulo ngokwaneleyo zoluntu, negunya elingenakuphikiswa. Ukuba kubhalwe kunye nobungqina eyinyaniso ukuba akazange enze ngokweminqweno yabo kunye nobuchule, yaye umntu oza kumbhala kumyolelo ngqo ukuthanda kukaThixo. obo bungqina, ingakumbi, unako ukukhonza izingqiniso Entle sazenza ebomini oswelekileyo, okanye isenzeko imithandazo noko emva kokufa.

Ukulungisa le Ukumiselwa kunye sikwinqanaba lokugqibela

Ukuqokelelwa ubungqina ozibandakanye Archimandrite Philip (Boguchary). Wabeka isaziso kwi-Internet, kunye nolwazi malunga uncedo nikhathazeke, wanika abantu uBishop uSeraphim waqalisa ukuba beze kuye (sana). Imimangaliso kubo iye ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha, ibhalwe, kunye nalo lonke ulwazi luthunyelwe ku eMoscow. La mabali abantu abathi imithandazo Saint uSeraphim wafumana impilo, wafumana abahlobo bakhe ebomini wazi ulonwabo ngumama. Ubungqina yemimangaliso yakhe abaninzi kangangokuba phambi kwabo labakhohla nkqu ababengakholwa bangi.

Ndingathanda ukunika nje elinye ibali umlimi Bulgarian. Umfazi ingcamango ende kwisiqu kubukho bukaThixo, yaye nangona nesifo sentliziyo azalwa, akazange abhenele imithandazo uncedo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, imeko embi yakhe ukuze emva cebiso unina wakhe, waya engcwabeni, apho kulala i St. uSeraphim (sana), wacela uncedo lwakhe. Emva kwethutyana waziva ukuphuculwa impilo, yaye bakwazi ukubuyela imicimbi zendlu yesiqhelo.

Ngowe-2015, iCawa Orthodox yaseBulgaria yabhiyozela iminyaka emashumi mane anamihlanu, kususela bebeba St Seraphim. Le mibhiyozo olwenzeke e Sofia, lo mboniso waboniswa kwi Abenzi Bulgarian ubomi bakhe kwaye nasemsebenzini, yaye ngoDisemba waloo nyaka kwagqitywa ekubeni udlulisela umba Ukumiselwa Archbishop Seraphim kwiBhunga Bishops of the Russian Church Orthodox, elo kulindeleke kokubizwa iinyanga ezimbini.

Februwari 3, 2016 yaba isigqibo sokugqibela, ngokutsho apho, phakathi abangcwele wazukisa inkolo eqhelekileyo yokushiywa Russian uBhishophu uSeraphim (sana). Icon zipeyintwe kule ngokwemini yomthendeleko, usibonisa ubuso saint, ubone kakhulu kwaye uzive ebomini babo emhlabeni, yaye yakwazi ukuhlala de kufe unyana yokwenene yeCawa Orthodox.