Le sesakhiwo eso sixeko yala inzululwazi nobugcisa

Le sesakhiwo umzi mihla eyenzeke nenkcubeko kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo inkcubeko ezidolophini, ishishini, ukukhula imikhosi ohlonelwayo ekuhlaleni. phambili lwentlalo nelobugcisa isantya kwaye ichukumisa ngakumbi qala ezindala kunye nemizi ezintsha.

bokwakha Esi sixeko: Ukwaziswa encinane jikelele

ukwakhiwa City yenzelwe ukwandisa izibonelelo kunye nendawo wabantu, ukwenza izakhiwo ezintsha bokwakha. Enye, kubalulekile, indima yawo - ukugcinwa ngokwembali imbonakalo umzi, nokugcina umoya yayo yoqobo. izakhiwo kwesi sixeko Modern kuquka sobuciko. injongo yakhe - indalo kunye nokuphuculwa neemeko zokuphila kubemi, ulondolozo lwezixhobo zendalo ngaphakathi kummandla ichaziwe.

izixeko ezininzi post-eSoviet kwakhiwa kwiiprojekthi standard ngoko nangoku ubukhulu becala efanayo omnye komnye. zokwakha obungabangeli mdla Soviet inokufumaneka kwilizwe ngalinye ico, nokuba Kazakhstan, Armenia naseRashiya. Kodwa kukho omnye umzi, kunye imbonakalo eyodwa iphupha lakhe ukuhlangabezana amawaka abantu ehlabathini lonke - le Moscow.

Moscow City Architecture

EMoscow - i "iziko zehlabathi", etsala nyaka ngamnye amawaka abakhenkethi kwemali. EMoscow bokwakha kungenziwa ngokuba uhlobo Chronicle yezembali, apho isikhumbuzo uloyiso kunye ukoyiswa, injabulo nosizi kuyo yonke impilo elide kwikomkhulu.

Ngezakhiwo ombhaxa iphawulwa ngomxube entlobo, iintsingiselo kunye nemifanekiso ezenzeka ukutyhubela iinkulungwane. Zonke iziganeko ezenzekayo yembali lizwe, ngendlela enye okanye omnye ziboniswe imbonakalo lesixeko sethu. ngenkulungwane ye-15 sihleli ngokusisigxina ngokwayo sesakhiwo lilitye Ingqiqo Cathedral of the yesicelo. UCatherine ubukumkani Omkhulu khumbula ukuzalwa classicism - iNdlu yeeNgwevu, i-Grand Theatre, Pashkov Indlu nokulandelela Tsaritsyno Palace. Emva kokuba imfazwe ka 1812 ikomkhulu yakhiwa ngokutsha. Museum Historical, ndlu Igumnova waba oqingqiweyo ngaloo maxesha. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 a mihla, iisampulu yayo zithathwa ukuba ehotele, "Metropol" "National", Yaroslavsky Station. Kwinkulungwane yama-21 iye yabangela bokwakha ultra-mihla, kunye nezakhiwo zayo, olungaphambili iglasi, iindawo zentengiso kunye nokwakha ofisi eziphakamileyo, nto leyo ihonjiswe kweyakhe multi-ohlalele oluncedisanayo yayo lomculo yokuyilwa eMoscow.

izakhiwo Modern nokuzoba

Lokusekwa isithuba ephilileyo lwangaphandle zabantu ngokwakha ezintsha kunye nokulondoloza izakhiwo ezindala inxaxheba sesakhiwo mzi mihla. Le art ibandakanya iinkalo ezintathu ezingundoqo:

• ucwangciso Urban - ukudalwa ngokutsha kwezakhiwo.
• Architecture izakhiwo isambuku - uyilo zokuhlala kunye nezakhiwo zoluntu, izityalo mveliso.
• Landscape sesakhiwo - ilungiselelo of izikwere, iipaki kunye neegadi zoluntu.

Ukongeza, i-bume bokwakha zikuchaphazela ngokweemvakalelo kubahlali olomeleleyo. Kunye nezinye izinto, inegalelo kuphuhliso iimvakalelo 'izwe.

Isalathiso izakhiwo lwangoku

Kumazwe ahlukeneyo, sokuyilwa yesixeko mihla kuthiwa ngokwahlukileyo. Sikubiza 'mihla ", eJamani" yugendshtil "France" Art Nouveau ". Modern njengoko for bokwakha, kwasekwa i-19 - kwinkulungwane yama-20. Lubonakala yi wokumelana lusekiwe, imbonakalo akudala zezakhiwo. Ngexesha ukwakhiwa kwale isimbo ngentsimbi, ikhonkrithi, iglasi okokuqala waqalisa ukusetyenziswa, ngoko zeplastiki kunye nezinye izinto zobugcisa. Le style lunomahluko kungekuphela bayo zangaphandle kunye ukhaliphile functionality. Kulandela emva modernity kwi 20 zenkulungwane yama-20, kwavela Unxibelelaniso, ethe yafakwa kwi "umphefumlo" sabasebenzi owoyisileyo. umsebenzi wayo ophambili - ukukhonza imveliso entsha. Xa kusetyenziswa ukwakha ikakhulu ngakumbi eziphathekayo. Kwiiprojekthi Constructivists wadala mveliso nje kuphela, kodwa yokuhlala amakhaya, izikolo, izibhedlele, iiklabhu. Isiphelo-40 ephawulwe yimbonakalo gqolo yomnyingi bokwakha, waza wafikelela incopho yalo 1960. Minimalists credo - "nto ngakumbi!". Izakhiwo elo xesha laconic, abanayo imihombiso okanye ezinye frills. Eyona ingcamango abathungi yomnyingi - uphendla olinganise efanelekileyo, ukuhlanganiswa intuthuzelo ukusebenza, phakathi kwentsingiselo ixesha. Uphuhliso lwezakhiwo mihla ayizange iphelele apho. minimalism kamsinya iye yaba lixesha, yaye zathathelwa indawo sisimbo eliphezulu-zobugcisa zale mihla, iminyaka emininzi ukuze ufumane zintshula kuloo bokwakha ezidolophini.

Hi-tech - izakhiwo yesixeko mihla

Ukuqulunqwa kwale mbono saphenjelelwa ubugcisa obutsha eziyelelene ndoda lwanamhlanje. Metal, iglasi, izinto yodidi oluphezulu kunye nezakhiwo, uhlobo monolithic, amandla nokomelela, njengoko kuthwelwe kwizakhiwo - oku indlela eliphezulu-zobugcisa. Le ibandakanya sub-amaqela amathathu: mveliso, obulawulwa nezejometri hi-zobugcisa.

Le ndawo kwimizi iphawulwa uyilo okudingayo ngokungaqhelekanga. Libonisa lonke unxibelelwano, uqhagamshelo, ukudibana, ukudala ngenxa yokuba uyilo lwabo zokuhombisa kwaye zisebenza.

Zejometri hi-zobugcisa - ezahlukeneyo iimilo zejiyometri, udibaniso kunye interweaving ye izimiselo kakhulu engalindelekanga engaqhelekanga.

Kuba eliphezulu-zobugcisa obulawulwa iimpawu imbonakalo Sixelisa ngemvelo, ukuba yancuma imbonakalo kwezakhiwo kunye nemizi ngoncedo olumtyibilizi kunye imigca wayenza into zifumaneka kwindalo.