Le eluncedo imodeli - umzekelo. Umfuziselo ezilijelo fyabo: ezifanayo nezahlukileyo. Ukufumana ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ukuba indlela eluncedo

Ndiqinisekile abaninzi uve ibinzana elithi "umzekelo eluncedo". Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni na. Imodeli luncedo kucingelwa ukuba ngenxa yomsebenzi yengqondo bomntu, kwezo zinto okanye umtyali-mali ngayo nayiphi na ubugcisa. Njengoko uphuhliso abe nantoni, umzekelo, izinto ezahlukeneyo, izixhobo, iimveliso, iindlela, okanye iinkqubo, ukusetyenziswa entsha okanye isicelo yayo nayiphi na inkqubo okanye imveliso eyaziwa ngaphambili. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umfuziselo eluncedo inxulumene kuphela izinto nezorhwebo. Njengoko usazi, eli nqaku liza kuthetha ngezinto imodeli ezilijelo fyabo, ezifana zazo neeyantlukwano, kukho kwakhona libala ezinye iinkalo ezibalulekileyo ukuzaliswa isampuli ukufumana lomenzi njalo D..

Ezingeloncedo yemodeli into eluncedo

Umfuziselo eluncedo inikeza kuneengxaki. Omnye wabo - eli ligama Lalifutshane lomenzi, nto leyo eyi-10 kuphela ubudala. Oko kwandiswa, kodwa i nokuba kubi ngakumbi ebomini, nto leyo eyi-3 kuphela ubudala.

izigqibo yezobugcisa ephathelele kwisixhobo - nje lukhuselwe model eluncedo. Umzekelo izisombululo ezinjalo inikwe apha ngezantsi. Ukuba izisombululo esilithundezela iindlela, kuloo mzekelo abayi kuba into kwemodeli eluncedo. Le yenye umahluko ukusuka njengeyabo langoku. Iimveliso musa kuwa phantsi kwenkcazo "isixhobo", naye akazange abe nayiphi ngokunxulumene imodeli eluncedo. Omnye yemiqathango yale patent - entsha. Ukuba imodeli eluncedo akuthethi lo njengenqobo yokugweba, mayingabi sakhululwa njengento ebalulekileyo. Uphuhliso kufuneka ibe ubutsha, ethe okwangoku isicelo. Ngaphezulu, le nkqubo kufezeka, oko kukuthi, ukuba kugula ukusetyenziswa kwayo phambili, kwaye ukuhlangabezana yonke imithetho zobugcisa.

Yintoni ebangela ukuba ukunqongophala yokuqinisekisa patent

Kodwa ethile ebalulekileyo kukuba imodeli lomenzi eluncedo kwilizwe lethu lunga khangelwa ukuba ukuthotyelwa kwemiqathango patent, nto leyo ekuchithekeni mthethweni ekufumaneni patent okanye kakubi kwamalungelo patent. Ngelishwa, iimeko ezinjalo zibhalisiwe kwaye abe nendawo kwimarike lwelizwe lethu. Ngaphezu koko, asiyi unalo ithuba kwixesha elizayo ukuphucula isigqibo sabo zobugcisa de kokupapashwa ulwazi malunga njengoko amadlala ngendlela eyakhayo, isimiso, akukho.

Eyona engundoqo eziluncedo yemodeli into eluncedo

Kwilizwe lethu ulungiselela ngokhuseleko ngokusemthethweni kwemodeli eluncedo, oko kukuthi, lo gama kulawulwa ze kumGaqo-mthetho. Imodeli olunoluncedo izinto ezingaphathekiyo amalungelo enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda ukuba ezifanayo njengeyabo. Wayila - isisombululo yobugcisa, kwaye la magama mabini basoloko bexakaniseka kunye nabanye. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umfuziselo eluncedo, njengoko kuchasene fyabo langoku abe imiqathango engqongqo patent. Ukongeza, isicelo ukufunyanwa ilungelo imodeli eluncedo, t. E. Patent kuxoxwa ngazo lula ngakumbi yaye ngexeshana elifutshane.

Inzuzo ephambili imodeli eluncedo kukuba, ezinye izinto ilingana, igunya lokwenza umfuziselo eluncedo kukuba anihlasele, kwaye isizathu kukuba akukho mfuneko phantsi igama "nyathelo lokuqamba". Ngapha koko, ingcamango "indlela eluncedo" ubuncinane ngokuyinxenye enxulumene fyabo, kodwa izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Umthetho Russian malunga namalungelo abenzi akayi kuba nalungelo ukuba babele ukuya fyabo okanye eluncedo umfuziselo malunga nezigqibo ezifanayo. Ngaphandle akuvunyelwanga inguqu fyabo lomenzi kwi patent for umfuziselo eluncedo, xa kungumngeni.

Gcina ixesha - into kwingongoma ebalulekileyo

Enye inzuzo kwemodeli eluncedo - ixesha elifutshane. Ukuze ubhalise igunya lokwenza umfuziselo eluncedo, umbhali kuya kufuneka achithe kuyo kweenyanga ezi-6, kodwa kwimeko fyabo, inkqubo yonke singathatha ukuya kwiminyaka enye enesiqingatha ukususela kumhla yokufayilisha kude kube lixesha upapasho nangoko data kwi patent kuxwebhu ekhethekileyo - izaziso. Umngcipheko kokunyuka ngequbuliso kwikota ye ofisi usezantsi kakhulu.

ERashiya, umkhwa ethandwayo ngexesha elifanayo isicelo imifuziselo eluncedo efana nezi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le ndlela kunika ithuba lokuba kuthenga lomenzi ukukhusela ngokukhawuleza. Kwixesha elizayo, xa oko kufuneka iimviwo endaweni lomenzi zemodeli eluncedo zingafumaneka patent.
Ingongoma ebalulekileyo: umzekelo eluncedo enxulumene isixhobo, likhuselwe ngokungqinelana neSiqendu 1351 ze-Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Ukuba umbhali (umnini) kukho nayiphi na imiba enxulumene nophuhliso yayo, ukufuna iimpendulo zemibuzo ekhoyo zibhekisela kulo nqaku.

kuqala ndibano

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iimeko eziphambili ezibangela patent yemodeli eluncedo na isicelo mboni nokuphuhliswa ezintsha, okt. E. "ubutsha." Le modeli kufuneka ahluke ngokupheleleyo simlungele kakuhle ngakumbi. imodeli eluncedo, umzekelo oboniswe, kufuneka athobele eliphambili ndibano. Iyafana eliphambili lwezinto, kodwa usenalo umahluko nje. Omnye wabo - olusikiweyo lokungenisa izicelo Rospatent. Ngaphezu koko, wayila, ngokuchaseneyo imodeli eluncedo kufuneka nyathelo lokuqamba. Kuba imodeli eluncedo, le njengenqobo ayifuneki.

ukhuselo lomthetho imifanekiso eluncedo ayiyi kusebenza izigqibo malunga kuphela iimpawu zangaphandle wemveliso nesilungiselelwe ukuba ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ngokwalo kubuhle. Ngoko ke siyibeka isishwankathelo esifutshane: imifuziselo eluncedo nezi zithathwa iziphumo umsebenzi ingqondo yomntu yaye nokusombulula iingxaki zobugcisa. Umahluko phakathi kwezi ngcamango intsimi ezisemthethweni kuphela. Yokuba ucacelwe kakuhle ukuba yintoni na imodeli eluncedo ngakumbi inika imizekelo ezithile zazo.

Imizekelo imodeli into eluncedo

Ngenxa yoko, imodeli eluncedo. Umzekelo - elula, qwenge belungele utywala. Le modeli eluncedo iye elilodwa lomenzi eKorea, yaye nakuba engahambisani ngokwenene nyathelo lokuqamba, le mveliso entsha ukufaneleka mveliso kunye nokusebenza, kwaye ke ngoko, ukuba umntu ongumnini yoxwebhu yokhuseleko, iya kuzisa i inzuzo ebalulekileyo. Kwilizwe lethu, njengoko kukho indlela, kunokubangela izixhobo koomatshini nobugcisa, uncedo engundoqo iyileyo na inkalo anti-nobusela. Olu luhlu kungabandakanya alarms abaqhekezi, radar detectors kunye nezinye izixhobo, nto leyo eya kuba luncedo kuphela kushishino, kodwa ngenxa labemi.

Iskim iisampulu eluncedo imodeli nenkcazo yayo

Icandelo eyimfuneko nkqubo - oku khowudi IPC. Bona kuboniswe kwicala lasekunene kwaye zigqitywa kulawulo okhethekileyo, ekuthiwa "International Patent Classification". Igama Development wagqiba ukubhala kule isinye. Kufuneka ube ngokupheleleyo injongo umzekelo, ukongeza, kufuneka kuvunyelwane ne-IPC.

Ke igama imodeli inkcazelo zamacandelo, kuphuhliswa eRashiya, azingeni kangako kombisa. Ngoko, kwi inkcazo uluhlu kufuneka balandele ulwazi malunga ubugcisa kuyo kule modeli eluncedo sifanelekile. Apha libonisa inqanaba ubugcisa, isicelo mveliso, imifuziselo eliluncedo efanayo ezikhona kwimarike, kunye AMAGQABAZA ▸. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuze angqine ukohluka kunye indispensability yophuhliso, kufuneka kwakhona ukunika nayiphi na inkcazelo eluncedo kwi analogs kunye AMAGQABAZA ▸, ezizezi iintsilelo zabo, ubuthathaka njalo njalo. ingcaciso ezilolu hlobo ziya kuzuza kuphela umntu onqwenela ukubhalisa lwalo lokukhawulelana nophuhliso.

Okukhona inkcazelo, ngcono

imodeli eliluncedo Sample ezibonisa yedwa bendlela iimodeli ezifana kudla kakhulu afunyanwe engazaliswanga ngokupheleleyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto, kweli xwebhu, kungakuhle kwakhona ukuchonga ingxaki ngayo imodeli eluncedo ezitsha ukumelana ngcono kakhulu. Unakho ukubhala nokusetyenziswa isityholo iziphumo kule modeli, kodwa Kakade ke, kufuneka ilunge.

Uphuhliso ibalulekileyo ukuchazwa komgangatho candelo, nto leyo uchaza bubuntu njani ukubaleka imodeli eluncedo. Umzekelo inkcazelo enjalo, kodwa kunoko njengekhrayitheriya ibalulekileyo: ukuba ifanele isondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka wokubala. Iimpawu ebalulekileyo iimpawu zabo ethile kunye neempawu ezifunekayo yinkcazo apha eneenkcukacha.

Njengokuba kukhankanyiwe ngentla, omnye wemiqathango ibaluleke kakhulu ngokufumana igunya lokwenza umfuziselo eluncedo yi ukusebenza mboni. Ngoko ke, xa yokulungiselela scheme, kubalulekile ukuba akhokele ingqiqo uphuhliso iimeko bokuthobela we patent.

ezithile yemodeli into eluncedo

Kule meko, kuba kwimeko ethile nganye kufuneka ukhankanye zonke inkcazo engasentla. Kwakhona iquka Ukuhlelwa ngamazwe patent, le ezingundoqo / izinto eziluncedo yemodeli, njl Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ezinye iinkcazelo ziphindwa okanye ngokusemthethweni elikhankanyiweyo - .. Kuvumeleke kwaye angawugqithi umthetho. Eli candelo kufuneka ngokufutshane ukuchaza imizobo zinika uluhlu yamanani (kunye neenkcazo). izinto ezahlukeneyo womzobo kufuneka igama njenge "iimilo". Kwiimeko ezithile isicelo yemodeli eluncedo kufuneka elinikiweyo subclaims.

Ukuphunyezwa imodeli into eluncedo

Kweli candelo, kufuneka ukuba unike iinkcukacha nga kuphunyezwa njani uphuhliso kusebenzise kunokuba kunokuba luncedo ukuba umntu. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi iinkcazelo zikwimeko kwamagxa imodeli ezilijelo ebonisa imizekelo umsebenzi ekufuneka lubonelelwe ngohlobo lwedijithali kunye inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga noku okanye elementi modeli. Ukuba inkcazelo uphuhliso okanye ifomyula lowu ulwazi malunga imida okanye zibe nayiphi parameter, kulo mzekelo, kufanelekile ukuba abanike isiqinisekiso, oko kukuthi, ku hlamusela ifowuni yobugcisa ebonisa imizekelo.