"Lampoon - a ..." Review Words

Enye yezona iinkalo ezininzi umdla Ezolimi na etymology - inzululwazi ngemvelaphi iiyunithi lungelelanisa. Imbali yendalo zabo kokukhutshelwa isigama kwamaxesha ezifana ngabacuphi, maxa wambi - kwi jokes ...

Igama elithi "ngodaba"

Inika inkcazo umdla ithokheni VI Ingqumbo yeminyanya emsebenzini wakhe edumileyo utoliko iiyunithi zolwimi Russian. Ngokutsho sisazinzulu, lampoon - ". Leta etshabhisayo, isincoko sorhudo" a "ongenagama" (oko kukuthi eyona engaziwa), Kwizichazi ngaphezulu mihla kufuneka umlinganiswa yokufihla shwaka, kodwa intsingiselo imibhalo isithunzi, kunye nokuhlasela, nokuba ndiyagxekwa, isoloko. Noko ke, kunokuba umyalezo kuphela ngokubhala, kodwa izwekazi ulwazi olufanayo lobuxoki udelela malunga umntu okanye iqela labantu, kwakunye iqela lezopolitiko okanye umbutho ekuhlaleni.

Loo nto inika umdla into yokuba ngenkulungwane XIX kumazwe Western kwaye eRashiya elithi "ngodaba" waba intsingiselo yomthetho ukulahla lobuxoki.

Le etymology elithi "ngodaba"

Kudla ngokuthi imvelaphi umqondiso akukho uluvo linye. Into efanayo kunye elithi "ngodaba". Yeyona ibali lonke. Bakholelwa ukuba livela igama Pasquino. Abaphandi, Noko ke, zahluke nembono yabo ngokuphathelele kwinkxaso yayo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba izihlangu enegama elifanayo wayehlala eRoma ngenkulungwane XV, yaye nangona mercilessly zibekwe abantu ophezulu ngenxa yezikreqo zabo ezahlukeneyo. Kwabanye, Pasquino waba nokuba umnini, okanye iinwele. Kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuba kumaxesha amandulo kwizitrato waseRoma wafaka eseleyo Umfanekiso armless, ekuqaleni obonisa ethile umntu odumileyo. Kunoko mna ndahlala utitshala zokuqhubela - Maestro Pasquino, abafundi wabona umhlola of zifana kunye nomcebisi wakhe waza wayibiza ngokuba ngokunjalo.

Umfanekiso phezu kwamanqwanqwa kunye olubanzi imi kwindawo kawonke kakhulu. Oku kube negalelo ekubeni into yokuba kungekudala oko waqalisa ukunamathela zonke iintlobo epigrams ezibukhali, caricatures, ngokufuthi ukuhleba ngokuphandle okanye ukunyelisa, maxa wambi iziqhulo, leyo wagxeka ngabameli yamaKatolika iCawa okanye urhulumente. Ngoko bonke njo Pasquino, abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngodaba. Nantso ibali.

Yokubiza igama elithi "ngodaba"

Ngolwimi Russian, lo umqondiso kwafika ngokungathanga ngqo - evela eItali nge ePoland. Ngokwendalo ke ilizwi iye igcinwe ngendlela bokuhlala kule lwimi - usoloko kwi lwegama ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala, kanti eJamani ugxininiso kwi wokugqibela: pasquíll - ngodaba. Ugxininiso ngamanye amaxesha ngabom elinye ixesha ekupheleni ilizwi. Oku kwenzeka kwimeko xa ingxelo ngabom ufuna ukunika akwaziqonda isigqebelo: ". Wabuya wanikela omnye ngodaba"

ulwimi lwethu igcwele ngamazwi, apho kugxininiswa ihamba ukuba ngokufuthi liyazixakekisa basemzini ukufunda Russian. Ilizwi "ngodaba", ukuba ayiphazamiseki. Ukuba ukuhla isinye kwaye isininzi ngendlela isoloko yegama kuqala.

Kukho nenye inkalo yokubiza igama - endala ifomu pashkvil. Hi ndlela leyi, kuvakala ngathi ukuba Polish. Ke kaloku, Russian yoncwadi lwamandulo XVIII-XIX eminyaka kule fomu kaninzi kwenzeka.

Ntonye elithi "ngodaba"

Kubhaliwe kwathiwa ngathi isincoko ngokufuthi indlela lobuntatheli okanye fiction, yaye le fom likufutshane incwadana. Noko ke, ukuba yokugqibela na uhlobo loncwadi, lo lampoon - a Kodwa calumnies, yaye, ke ndithi, uhlobo ngokomthetho we fiction, akanakuba.

Xa omuhle yegama elithi "iphamflethi," siyaqondakala kuqwalaselwa ntonye of "ngodaba". Kodwa kakhulu ngakumbi phakathi intsingiselo yegama Russian for "ukunyelisa", yaye bambalwa ebolekiweyo. Ngoko ke, ixabiso ithokheni ezisungulwe libelous "insinuation". Wabiza culo of abhengezwe eendaba naluphi na ulwazi iyaqala nabani. Kusekho igama esetyenziswa enqabile "libella". Ithetha ukuba into efanayo - encinane incwadi ukuba inxalenye umxholo kakhulu libelous.

Ngale ungakwazi ukudibanisa izithethantonye izithethantonye Indies kunye ezahlukeneyo ngokweemvakalelo okuloba umbala: ubuxoki, ubuxoki, fiction, iingcinga, ububi, izvet, ezisungulwe, oliqhophololo, ubuxoki, ethuka, ukunyelisa, lukhuni, ukunyelisa, peaching, ityala zibubuxoki, yokuxoxisana , oblyg, run-out, ukunyelisa, denigration, ukunyelisa, umlozi, ukuhleba.