Kwiibhondi zikarhulumente

kwiibhondi zikarhulumente na uxwebhu esiqinisekisa ilungelo umnini afumane ingeniso ezinzileyo rhoqo njengepesenti mali. Zezona ityala, nto leyo ethetha ukuba benkampani ukuba uthatha imali ulwalamano kwi-mboleko. Ilungelo lokuba kukhutshwe loo amaxwebhu ephethwe yi-mandla zoluntu, umzekelo, i-National Bank okanye Ministry Finance.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi izibambiso ziyindlela yokugubungela intsilelo mali. Ngoko ke, kwiibhondi zikarhulumente zikhutshelwa kwi imali eninzi, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo ezingundoqo ukuphucula ubomi lizwe. Le asiyiyo yodwa indlela zokuboleka imali ngurhulumente, kodwa kakhulu nemveliso. Kakade ke, ungasebenzisa iinkonzo zekhadi lebhanki wesizwe, kodwa emva koko yehla kakhulu umthamo uboleka kumaziko samatyala kwinqanaba lesibini. Oku kuya kukhokelela ukungalingani kuqoqosho jikelele, njengoko zorhwebo ngemali zigqalwa ikhonkco ezingundoqo kushishino ngemali kunye namanye amashishini, kwakunye ukuphucula intlalo-ntle yabantu.

Ukongeza, urhulumente izibambiso ukunceda urhulumente ukuba ukubandakanya imali zoluntu kwiinkqubo zoqoqosho. Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba inxalenye enkulu cash na kubantu abathile ngokumalunga nokungabikho ukuzithemba kwindlela leebhanki. Oku akumangalisi, kuba abantu ukukhumbula amaxesha anzima lobunzima. Securities ekhutshwe ngurhulumente, zibe ngokuzithemba okukhulu, ekuvumela ukuba usebenze ukuze kulungelwe uqoqosho inxalenye yemali leyo isetyenziswe ngaphambili. Kwakhona igalelo ekutsaleni umdla wotyalo.

Kwezinye iimeko, urhulumente usebenzisa kwiibhondi zikarhulumente njengesixhobo ukulawula isixa semali ejikeleza. Umzekelo, ukuba semali kwanda kakhulu ngokukhawuleza, yaye ngoko, izinga lokwenyuka kananjalo olukhawulezisiweyo kakhulu, ukuba kufuneka athathe amanyathelo ukunciphisa inani lokugqibela. Ukukhutshwa izibambiso kwimeko elinikiweyo yenza amagunya karhulumente ukuba 'ukutsala' ukususela ukujika imali kwaye uwagcine. Ngale ndlela elula ngayo kunokwenzeka ukuba uzinzise kunye neqondo lotshintshiselwano kunye nokomeleza kwinqanaba elifanayo.

Kutheni abantu bakhetha ukuthenga kwiibhondi zikarhulumente? Okokuqala, baphila ubomi iqondo eliphezulu ukuzithemba, njengoko umngcipheko non-lokuhlawula imali kwi amaxwebhu ezinjalo ayinamsebenzi. Kulo mzekelo, urhulumente ungumntu uxanduva, nto leyo enika ithemba intlawulo kwangethuba imali kunye nenzala. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izinga lenzala kwi izibambiso urhulumente ingqalelo njengodondolo kumaqumrhu ezininzi ebandakanyekileyo khupha yayo amatyala. Kutshanje, ethandwa kwiibhondi zikarhulumente elifutshane, yaye oku kubangelwe imeko yezoqoqosho ezingazinzanga kweli lizwe. Enoba intembelo imbuyiselo, kodwa kundithabathela konyaka okanye iminyaka emithathu, kodwa ekhuselekileyo ngaphezu mboleko ixesha elide.

Ubunzima iyonke emarike izibambiso karhulumente amaqela amabini amakhulu ziyakwazi ukuchongeka: non-zeemarike kwemarike. Le yokugqibela zikhululekile ukubakhona yaye zifikeleleke kubo bonke. Kwabo ziquka amanqaku zobuncwane, eyilwayo kunye imixokelelwane. Nonmarket inye kuphela lizalisekiswa istock exchange, ezifana pension kunye nolondolozo izitropu.

Xa ndiqukumbela, kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba kwiibhondi zikarhulumente iyaqwalaselwa izibambiso market umngcipheko-free. Avumela urhulumente ukuba abonelele ngemali kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ezijoliswe ekuphuculeni ubomi babemi. Umzekelo, zisetyenziswa ukuphumeza isicwangciso ukwakhiwa kwezindlu okanye uphuhliso kwicandelo lezolimo.