Kwemigangatho eyikonkriti kwindlu yabucala ngezandla zakhe. kwemigangatho eyikonkriti phezu komhlaba kwindlu yangasese

kwemigangatho eyikonkriti endlwini yangasese, njengoko umthetho, zidalwe kumgangatho osezantsi. Le ngobuwena ifunyenwe nje elula, kodwa cheap. Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni aqhube lo msebenzi, kuya kufuneka ukuba kusetyenziswa ngekhonkrithi kuphela, kodwa mhlawumbi, nodongwe. Ukuthandwa komgangatho ngenxa yokuba i eziphathekayo yi ngokwaneleyo izinto ezifikelelekayo ixesha elide. Kwenza nje zakho. Imisebenzi ayenzelwanga ukutsala uncedo lobungcali ukuba kunciphisa iindleko zenkqubo.

Iimfuneko nokuhlaziya ngokutsa phantsi emhlabeni

Ukuze kwakhiwe kwemigangatho eyikonkriti endlwini labucala, oko kufuneka ukuze umhlaba ukuba uneempawu ezithile. Umhlaba kufuneka owomileyo, yaye ngenxa komhlaba, kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo nobunzulu iimitha ezi-5 okanye ngaphezulu. Umhlaba akufuneki lungachazwa ukuhamba. Umgangatho eziphathekayo ngokufuthi bazinze kwimeko apho ulwakhiwo ibonelela ibe kumgangatho ophantsi okanye kumgangatho ongaphantsi. Indlu kufuneka ibe zokuhlala, ebonisa ubukho zokufudumeza, njengoko kwi iqina emhlabeni ebusika, kwaye oku kwandisa umthwalo kwisiseko kunye deformation isakhiwo.

Iimpawu floor-zalisa emhlabeni

Ukuze kwakhiwe kwemigangatho eyikonkriti endlwini labucala, kucetyiswa ukuba ukugqiba wonke umsebenzi wokwakha iindonga kunye nophahla. Ekuqaleni, lo msebenzi kuya kufuneka wenze ubeko emgangathweni, uze ekucoceni, kwaye Izakudibanisa umhlaba. Xa inyathelo wabeka uhlalutye elilandelayo, isanti namatye batyumke. Qiniseka ukuba ziquka iimaleko i "pie" abanokubakho ulungiselo thermal usambathisa. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, qiniseka ukuba anyamekele ebusweni umaleko nokuqinisa. In inyathelo elilandelayo izikhokelo kunye izinto formwork, kwaye emva kokuba eziphathekayo obegalelwe. Asimele silibale ukuba kufuneka ukuba kwenziwe sokulinganisa eziphathekayo.

Ukufeza lokumakishela

Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni amalungiselelo ikhonkrithi kwindlu yangasese, kuyimfuneko ukuchonga izinga zero. Kufuneka ngebande elinye kunye inxalenye ephantsi womnyango. Olu phawu kufuneka zidluliselwe zonke iindonga. Ukuze afeze oku, kufuneka ubeke uphawu phezu kodonga-1 m ukusuka ezantsi emnyango lokuvula. Emva kokuba ileyibhile kufuneka ufakwe kwi ezindongeni kujikelezo, babe nabo ndiya kuwulinganisela nilicande imitha 1 phantsi. Umgca yesiphumo kwaye lube kwinqanaba zero, apho kuya kufuneka kuso umgangatho eziphathekayo. Ukuze ube nalo ithuba lokuba ukuhamba lula ngakumbi umgca enikwe iimbombo gumbi, kucetyiswa ukuba isando iinzipho iplagi intambo phakathi kwabo.

Ukufeza ukususwa ukugangatheka

kwemigangatho eyikonkriti phezu komhlaba kwindlu yangasese kufuneka uhlale kuphela emva kuya kwenziwa ukucoca. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, umhlaba kufuneka uphawu. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza yonke kobutyobo, uze ususe umaleko ongaphezulu zomhlaba, ebizwa otyebileyo. Kumgangatho osezantsi yi luhlobo "ikeyiki", ogama ubukhulu imalunga ne-35 cm. Oku kubonisa imfuneko ekususeni umaleko womhlaba kwelo nqanaba de ubude ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya kumphezulu womhlaba akalingani Ebubanzini ngesakhiwo. Emva kokuba phezu komhlaba kufuneka itywiniwe. Ungakwenza oku ngokusebenzisa plate lokungcangcazela. Noko ke, ukuba loo izixhobo ayifumaneki, ungasebenzisa i lwemithi eqhelekileyo. Ukusuka phezulu kuyimfuneko nail phantsi isiphatho kunye inxalenye ephantsi ukuzama Izakudibanisa umhlaba. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka ufumane isiseko ogudileyo ngci apho aya kuba nako ukuhamba, kungasali, azafunyanelwa ndawo. Mhlawumbi kungenzeka ukuba umgangatho umhlaba ngezantsi-35 cm. Kule meko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba balahle yinxalenye encinane umaleko womhlaba, ngoko uphawu egcwaliswe ngesanti ngaphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, uphawu yenziweyo ubuchwepheshe ngasentla. kwemigangatho eyikonkriti phezu komhlaba kwikhaya labucala kufuneka athathe ubukho esibekwa ngamanzi. Ukuze kuphuculwe iimpawu yoyilo mathumbu amanzi, sibekwe phezu clays umaleko womhlaba, leyo evala entlabathini. Udongwe kucetyiswa kancinci yokunyakamisa yaye ubunjwe, uya kuyeka nayo nokungena komhlaba.

Ukubeka zeendawana

Emva kokuba umaleko isiseko sele zilinganisiwe, kunokwenzeka ukuqalisa ukulungiselela backfill le ukusetyenziswa luhlalu. Kuyimfuneko ukuba abeke umaleko ogama ubukhulu 7 cm. Le zeendawana kufuneka kugalela amanzi kakuhle ubunjwe. Ukuze ukulawula elula umaleko waba Ebubanzini kwi primer isiseko kufuneka ukuqhuba nezikhonkwane imiqolo eziliqela apho kufuneka ube kumgangatho. Emva ngokugcwalisa uphawu ziya kwenziwa, ungafumana balahle sezi. Oku kulandelwa yokugcwalisa isanti ngophawu kakuhle kakhulu. balo babulingana nesandla kufuneka ube malunga-10 cm. ziikati efanayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuba kube lula ukulawula. Ukuze uphawu intlabathi kufuneka ugalele amanzi. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ungasebenzisa ebisenyobeni isanti, nto leyo eye zonke iintlobo ukungcola. Ngentla ngesanti kufuneka wabeka yimiwewe, apho ngokwamaqela ngu 45 iimilimitha. Zonke zoleko kufuneka zilinganisiwe kakuhle kwakhona. Umphezulu iziphumo kufuneka wafefa ngaphezulu umaleko obhityileyo solwandle kufuneka ilungelelaniswe, atywinwe kakuhle. Xa ugalela ikhonkrithi kwindlu yabucala ngezandla zakhe, lo zeendawana kufuneka ziyangqinelana na inqanaba tye.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nobushushu ubushushu

Zingangenwa kwezakhiwo mazenziwe kusetyenziswa polyethylene. Ukuze wenze oku, impahla ogama ubukhulu yi microns 200. Kuvumeleke ukuba usebenzise inwebu manzi. Izinto kufuneka ibekwe phezu kwindawo yonke, iimakhishithi ngokwabo ukuba usibekile sifana kakhulu, ukuba balahle sutures kunye enamathelayo. Ukuze kuphuculwe iimpawu zokwambathisa bomgangatho, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise izinto yohlobo eyandisiweyo ngodongwe, okanye basaltic wool rock, isiponji uboya bezimbiwa.

ukuqinisa

Emva ukufudumala umgangatho eziphathekayo kwindlu yabucala iye yenziwa, unako ukuvelisa unyanzeliso. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa imivalo yesinyithi eziza kufuneka ukwakha isakhelo. Endaweni yoko, i yeplastiki ingasetyenziswa umnatha yesinyithi. isakhelo nokuqinisa obekwe kwi-stand, ukuphakama leyo ilingana no-3 cm. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba ilungiselelo isakhelo kweli emgangathweni. Abalwazi isakhelo evela iintonga ukupheka wena.

Izikhokelo Ukufakelwa kunye nofakelo lwesixhobo formwork

Phambi kokuba wawathululela phantsi eziphathekayo kwikhaya labucala, kufuneka ubeke naLindiili. Igumbi kufuneka mayimakishwe ngamathuba alinganayo, ububanzi oko akuthethi ngaphezu kweemitha-2. Le ndawo wahlulwe sikhokelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba zenziwe yezitena, neeplanga. Ukuphakama kwenye yezi zinto kufuneka egungxula kunye Uziro. Ukulungisa komzila enziwe a oluludaka lwesamente. Timbering kufuneka kwenziwe amakhonco phakathi kwezi zinto. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa i ngamaplanga amanzi ezingatshiyo, kodwa isuti kunye nebhodi ngokwesiqhelo. Formwork kunye namafutha guides ukuba lumakishwe, ukuba lula isuswe emva Ukuqinisa yesisombululo.

floor-ukukhuhla

Phambi kokwenza umgangatho ngesamente kwindlu yabucala, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukulungiselela eziphathekayo. Umgalele kufuneka abe omnye okanye abaninzi abapasileyo ezimbini. Le mfuneko kungenxa imfuneko ukwenza isakhiwo monolithic. Kule isisombululo-odolwa kwa-mveliso. Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze imveliso yakho kwimixube, oko Kukhethwa ukuba alungiselele Umxhubi eziphathekayo. Ezifanelekileyo isamente M 400 M 500 Kubalulekile ukuba usebenzise isanti emlanjeni. Kufuneka wazi nje kuphela ukuba unombombiya njani umgangatho eziphathekayo kwikhaya labucala, kodwa ukulungiselela ikhonkrithi kuye. Ukuze asebenze kufuneka inxenye 1 isamente, isanti mali emibini, kwakunye esiyingqushu inani lamalungu amane. Amanzi kufuneka ongezwe isixa ungamalungu 0.5.