Kutheni kwiibhondi zikarhulumente Russia US?

Ngehlobo lowe-2016 Russia anda kutyalo kwiibhondi zikarhulumente US, yaye bazisa 91 ezigidi zeerandi, nangona kwiminyaka emibini kuphela eyadlulayo, ngoAgasti 2014, kunye nokuqaliswa yokuqala kwezohlwayo yamacandelo nxamnye neRashiya evela West, utyalo yehle $ 66 ezigidi. Kutheni kwiibhondi zikarhulumente Russia US? Siza kuzama ukulungisa lo mba.

Isizathu sokuqala: isondlo engange

Enoba zingaphi ekhwaza "trolls" ezahlukeneyo kwi-Internet kunye amathanda sizwe phezu ezitratweni, kwabakwaziyo ukuqonda okuncinane oko uqoqosho, inkxaso i "utshaba", izitropu urhulumente US kubalulekile.

Okokuqala kufuneka yokususa intsomi eziphambili: le mali ngeenjongo ezinjalo abayi-mali karhulumente. Securities of US ityala evela koovimba ye-Central Bank of Russia (Central Bank of Russia), nto leyo zichithwa isondlo engange, abangenisa software lwemali, abanamatyala njalo njalo. D.

Ukuba umntu ucinga ukuba uninakhulu akafumani ipension ngezizathu ukuba urhulumente lithi i "iintshaba", oko iphutha kakhulu. CBR - iziko zemali elizimeleyo, omnye abamisebenzi - engange komoya. Yena, ke, kuxhomekeke kwimeko uqoqosho ngokubanzi, ingakumbi kwi ibhalansi yorhwebo.

Kumazwe aphuhlileyo kakhulu kwezoqoqosho, kokukhona ufuna ukushicilela imali yendawo. Ukuba ukuzinza linokunyhashwa kwaye Central Bank iya kuprintela intywenka yemali, ngoko ke aya kujika abe confetti eziqhelekileyo, ambala iilekese.

Makhe sicinge ukuba wonke ummi wanikwa izigidi zeerandi, kuya kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Impendulo izicacele: amaxabiso enyukile kanye njengoko kungekho mntu athengisele ezinqabileyo yorhwebo ngenxa yephepha. Xa ezoqoqosho, oku kubizwa ngokuba emali.

Isizathu sesibini: isondlo isambuku lwemali kazwelonke

Kuxhomekeka imo yoqoqosho, yibhanki eyongameleyo yakhupha engange kulo myezo. Kodwa imisebenzi ephambili urhwebo ziqhutywa euro, US, yen Japanese, British iponti omhle. Kwakhona namhlanje wongeza yuan Chinese.

Ruble amatyala ukuba (ubunzima), kuyimfuneko ukuba imali kubo, kungenjalo baya kuhlala confetti zesiqhelo. Ngaphambili, njengenyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba igolide wenza. Ukuba dollar, ezixhaswe yile metal anqabileyo, yafumana igunya ehlabathini, xa uMongameli French Charles de Gaulle, ngenye imini zingahlanganiselwanga ukuba inqanawa US kunye lwemali American, leyo efunisa igolide. Emva kokuba isenzo kunazo ezinjalo, kwagqitywa ukushiya software "bugs" metal axabisekileyo. Endaweni yoko, imali US uye walungiselela iziqinisekiso ukuba "zonke izinto ziza kuba omhle", yaye oku, enyanisweni, nguye kwiibhondi zikarhulumente US.

Ngamanye amazwi, le engange kufuneka banikwe into ukuze ibe ziingceba eziqhelekileyo yephepha eniza isikwe nawuphi na umntwana incwadi yokubhalela. Kule ndima ke US kwiibhondi zikarhulumente, leyo ukhuselekile ngengqiqo emitsha yelizwi imbeko karhulumente American.

Securities amatyala nezibophelelo USA bangundoqo yintoni na itshintshwe ukuze eerandi and vice versa engange ngalo naliphi na ixesha. Njengoko bonke urhwebo ebanjwe yamanye amazwe ye kumazwe aliqela, kuquka eUnited States, oko ke usisiqinisekiso uzinzo borhwebo.

Ukwenza kucace ngakumbi, kutheni kuthenga US kwiibhondi zikarhulumente, ukuveza i imeko: abantwana abathathu ukudlala kweli gumbi. Ababini kubo ishicilela imali yabo, kwaye eyesithathu wayithenga. Eyokuqala cuts ngayo imali sheets yalo nencwadi, kwaye ayinikeli, okwesibini - wengcibi ngakumbi, uyayitshintsha iphepha yakhe "inyuku" ngenxa engange ngokwenene ikhosi apho unako ukuthenga into evenkileni yokwenene. Ngoko ke, umntwana, lo ungowesibini nje uya kukwabela kubo, ngokungafaniyo yokuqala, ungaprinta "imali" kuyo nayiphi na inani.

Ngokumalunga nomba imali, le meko ifana kalukhuni umntwana wesibini kule meko: kukhupho yebhanki engundoqo engange eziqulathwe izibambiso, leyo ibizwa ngokuba United States kwiibhondi zikarhulumente. Bebodwa, dollar nayo yathengwa kwi -Federal Reserve uRhulumente US ngenxa izitropu efanayo, leyo kunye zenza ityala lwangaphandle.

Isizathu sesithathu: nzuzo

Ukongeza izizathu ezibini sele kukhankanyiwe asifanele, silibale ukuba utyalo kwiibhondi zikarhulumente US imali yokwenene. Njengoko abatyali unokwenza iiBhanki ezingoovimba, oorhulumente, amaziko zorhwebo kunye nabatyali-mali zabucala. isivuno sabo endiza eduze 2-3% ngonyaka ngamnye. Xa uqala kuqala, eli nani lincinane kakhulu, kodwa kukho into enye inzuzo - kwanala ipesenti labuyisela ukuzithemba ukubuya njengoko ikomkhulu labo kunye neengeniso. Akukho nasinye isixhobo zemali, njengoko kuchasene ezintanjeni urhulumente yamazwe aphuhlileyo, kwenza akukho iziqinisekiso, oko kukuthi, awukwazi nje ungafumani ipesenti yenzuzo eliphezulu ekulindeleke, kodwa silahlekelwe yonke imali yakho.

Kweli hlabathi bezixhobo zotyalo-mali ezinjalo, nezinika isiqinisekiso usiqeqeshela okusilungeleyo, nguwe kanye encinane kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, advocate US kwiibhondi zikarhulumente, kunye norhulumente onegunya kunabo ehlabathini.

Isizathu ezine: oovimba zolondolozo

Wonke umntu uyazi kweli lizwe ukuba ukugcina imali yabo kwijokhwe yakho yeglasi - oku kulingana uzitshise esibondeni. kwiminyaka embalwa, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuya kungazehlisa ngokubonakalayo, nangona into yokuba inani amaqanda kwi engamaphepha akayi kutshintsha.

Kodwa ummi zesiqhelo nje; ukuba unendlela, ufuna ukugcina iminyaka embalwa, ngokwaneleyo ukuba eze nayiphi na ibhanki kwaye ukuvula i-akhawunti apho imali egcinwe kwi inzala angabekwa. Kakade ke, zininzi oku iya kukwenza, kodwa injongo ephambili - ukugcina imali ngendlela yokwenene, hayi besiqhelo. Ngamanye amazwi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingaphi abayi- onayo lo oyilwayo, kubalulekile - kangakanani ukuba bathenge iimveliso evenkileni.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iibhanki uya yimali, ivaliwe, ukuba singarhoxiswa ilayisenisi, kodwa namhlanje urhulumente emva kwentlekele 2008 ngokuthembekileyo ukhuseleko zonke iidipozithi nesixa elifanelekileyo.

Zonke iibhanki zixhomekeke, ke, ukususela Central Bank, leyo ikhupha ilayisenisi, wabeka umlinganiselo ekukhutshweni kwemali njalo njalo. D. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni CBR? Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngqo kuye ayenziwanga irhoxisiwe, ngoko ke igcina e engange ekongeni yokugcina elingana kwiglasi ingqayi nawuphi na ummi - usisiyatha kunye ezingenamsebenzi. Ngokufanayo instumentov zolondolozo lolondolozo kwaye gosoobligatsii "iintshaba."

Kutheni US?

Kakade ke, intetho malunga ubukhulu kunye namandla Russia kunokuba kangangoko kuyimfuneko, kodwa okwangoku nguye izibambiso ityala karhulumente US ukuhlangabezana iimfuno ezintathu eziphambili:

• ukuthembeka;
• yimali;
• inzuzo.

United States - lelinye lamazwe ambalwa ehlabathini apho umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente yezoqoqosho akuxhomekekanga kwi "inkosi" weNdlu White. Umntu ufika ngamandla kweli lizwe, le meko ayizi ukutshintsha. Ukongeza, urhulumente ayikho ukuhexa kweyahlukeneyo udlame, ukuvukelwa utshintsho ulawulo, iinguqulelo karhulumente, iimfazwe njalo njalo kweli lizwe uyayazi ulawulo iphambili kuqoqosho - .. Imali uthanda cwaka.

Xa isiphelo "Ixesha dollar?"

Namhlanje sibona iintlobo kweefilimu, zikamabonwakude, amazwi abezopolitiko ngokuwa kungekudala "zepiramidi mali American." "Gurus 'abaninzi kuqoqosho zithi ziza kubakho, kufuneka ukuba silinde iminyaka omnye ethile emibini. Kodwa noosozoqoqosho eyona kwithuba eliphakathi (i-engamashumi amahlanu ezayo) ukubaleka amathuba ezinjalo ababoni.

Imali eyi-US ityala

Kakade ke, imali US ityala encomekayo - ngaphezulu kwe-19 ezigidi zeerandi, ezifikelela 109,9% ye-GDP. Umzekelo, ityala of Greece, Ireland kunye Iceland njengepesenti ye-GDP ngaphezu US, kwaye ityala Ukraine kule minyaka izayo ukuze Zizigqithile kakuhle la manani. Apha kufuneka akuwuqiqi imali ngegama ematyaleni, kwaye njengepesenti GDP kunye nasenkonzweni yayo, kukuba urhulumente US Iindleko $ 250 yezigidi zezigidi kuphela. Xa uthelekisa lo mali kunye isivuno phantse 3.5 yezigidi zezigidi zezigidi, le mali iza kuba encinane. Ngoko uphondo ukuphisa esondelayo US kwendlao kwi minyaka 50-100 ozayo.

Russia: US imixokelelwane urhulumente inzuzo

Njengoko for eyesithathu into ephambili - inzuzo, ngoko kukho kwiibhondi zikarhulumente US kwindawo yokuqala. Ngoku, abaninzi baya kumangaliswa, kodwa eziphezulu ezintlanu iibhondi seminyaka emithathu-urhulumente zezo apho ingeniso negative. Oku ayingomdlalo: Securities Japan yalahleka 0.2% ngonyaka ngamnye, France - 0.5%, kodwa le US uyakwazi ukufumana ukuya kwi-1% ngonyaka ngamnye.

Ngoko kutheni na ukutyala imali? Impendulo ilula - ukuze ukuba ulahlekelwa kwamaxabiso ngakumbi.

Isizathu ezine: lepolitiki

Enyanisweni, ezo kwamazwe ezandleni ipesenti ebonakalayo kwiibhondi zikarhulumente kwelinye ilizwe, zingachaphazela ngayo kwezopolitiko. Ukujula bonke oovimba bakhe izibambiso, uyakwazi kuyosho ixabiso labo, kuya kuba nako ukuthengisa iimbophelelo ezingakumbi, nto leyo ilingana yokuwa zemali.

Kodwa siyazidla nto ekhethekileyo - isabelo eRashiya yi-5% kuphela US ityala.

Ngo-2014, i-Central Bank of the Russian Federation, kwisithuba kwezohlwayo nxamnye kumacandelo athile ezoqoqosho Russian, waphoswa emarikeni phantse 2/3 ye kwiibhondi zikarhulumente US. Enye inguqulelo senzo - ukuwisa phantsi inkqubo zemali American. Kodwa Russia ayikho China, apho isiqingatha kwamatyala onke phesheya. China zibonisa ngokwaneleyo ukuba izinto ziza ukucinga malunga ukuphinde usete-asethi US njengoko buqala mva nokungoyiki kwiimarike lwemali.

isiphelo

It inokushwankathelwa, esithi imali kwiibhondi zikarhulumente US, izicatshulwa Russian ezahlukahlukeneyo nezahlulo:

1. Xhasa izinga lotshintshiselwano lwemali kazwelonke.
2. Inika engange amatyala elikumgangatho zorhwebo.
3. Inzuzo.
4. Yena uzama ukuthenga eqhinga kwezopolitiko.