Kinematic. yesekethe drive Kinematic. I kinematic Iindlela zeesekethe

Ngaphandle scheme kinematic akunakwenzeka ukuba nomfanekiso naluphi na uhlobo lwezixhobo. Sithetha iimoto, iitrektara, izixhobo umatshini, kwaye yeentlobo ezilula zokukhangela iindlela. Xa yeefom jikelele icandelo ekhethekileyo ukukhanda, esinjongo ukufunda iimpawu kweendlela links. Science ivumela uhlalutyo ngokufunda amakhonkco kinematic of trajectories intshukumo, ukuchonga iindawo, izikhundla kunye sesiqhelo izinto. Ukufikelela isiphumo lokugqibela akwenzeki ngaphandle njengobungqina ingqiqo "inkqubo kinematic", njengoko eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Yintoni na icebo kinematic? nezimaphambili ezingundoqo

Impendulo elifutshane lo mbuzo, eli cebo kinematic - ukuba umfanekiso okanye uxwebhu, ukuba ndithe ndithi ke, nto leyo ebonisa zonke iiyunithi mechanical kunye imilinganiselo. Amaxesha amaninzi links scheme ekuthiwa ngababini kinematic. Ukuba uchaza ulwimi lenzululwazi, inxulunyaniswa izakhi esiluqilima isixa amaqhosha 2, Bulelani kwiimeko wokudibanisa athintele intshukumo ngalinye enye.

Ukufumaneka ubungakanani ayimfuneko ukwenzela uhlalutyo kinematic, ejongisisa sisiseko iindlela intshukumo, indlela yabo nesantya. Sombulula iingxaki yeefom kunokuba zombini ngokwegrafu kwaye ngokomfuniselo.

Ngokubanzi, icebo kinematic sithi xa sihlalutya uhlobo mshini. Bona ukubiza inkqubo yefoni ethile, oguqula intshukumo enye ngenxa intshukumo ezinqwenelekayo. Ukubunjwa naziphi iiyunithi element ngoomatshini kuquka - ezinye kwamaqondo eparticulate emibonweni ezihambelanayo. Link, egqalwa esingatshintshiyo, ebizwa ekhawuntarini.

Kinematic elementi isibini okanye unxibelelwano umnxeba imiphezulu system kunye imigca apho omnye qha nenye link. Le ngongoma ukwabizwa ngokuba udumbo ujongano.

izicelo yeefom

scheme Kinematic isetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke iinkalo zoshishino - .. zobunjineli Mechanical, izixhobo umatshini, njl Yonke imithetho ukuphunyezwa ilawulwa uxwebhu okhethekileyo - ekuthiwa-GOST.

Ukuphunyezwa kwezikim imithetho

Kukho imithetho embalwa esisiseko ekuhlanganiseni cinematic imizobo:

• Olu xwebhu kuyilwa zombini ephepheni okanye yogesi. Kucetyiswa inkqubo yoyilo kuxwebhu olunye ukuze alabe libe ifomati efunekayo ukuze ziprintwe.
• Kwimeko leesekethe ezintsonkothileyo kuvunyelwa ukuba basebenzise multimedia, unako ukubonisa tshintshayo intshukumo ngendlela ngaphaya.

imizobo Kinematic zahlulwe ngokweendidi ezintathu: basic, zesakhiwo zisebenza. Imithetho lokulungiselela yabo kwakhona kwahluka enye kwenye.

Ngokubhekiselele ingqiqo, ngoko ke nani kufuneka usetyenziswe zonke iintlobo ubudlelwane phakathi izinto. Olu xwebhu inikeza nditshayele. umzobo Kinematic, leyo ebhekisela umphuhlisi ikhankanya emasimini, kufuneka zimelwe kwi iimveliso wesiphaluka kwimboniselo ngendlela. imithetho ezichanisekileyo ukulungiselela zabo ingafumaneka ngokungqinelana GOST 2,303 no 2,701.

Umahluko omkhulu phakathi imizobo block umgaqo amanga neqiniso ukuba le yokuqala yinxalenye esisebenzayo imveliso kwaye ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, bona uhlobo lwemifanekiso oluntanganye okanye irekhodi yohlalutyo.

imizobo Umsebenzi zibonisa ukuzalana phakathi kweengxenye izinto ezo zimelwe amanani ezilula zejometri.

Ngubani ilawula ngokuchaneka yaloo mmandla?

Imithetho ukuzoba up kumiselwe amaxwebhu ngamazwe emgangathweni. Kuba bangene amandla kolu xwebhu evotelweyo ezininzi zehlabathi kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo. Ngamaxesha athile, lutshintsho lwenziwayo GOST, oko kuyaqondakala - inkqubela yenzululwazi ayikho indawo, inzululwazi, ize nayo iguquka kunye namaxwebhu zolawulo. Ukongeza ngomgangatho esisiseko, yeefom yokusebenza imithetho zicaciswa gca nganye kwinkqubo amaxwebhu kuyilo.

Ukumisela isakhiwo lo mshini

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, zonke iindlela zenziwe inani elithile ngababini kinematic. Zahlula-hlulwe ezininzi:

• ngokohlobo iindawo uqhagamshelo lwe - on the ezisezantsi neziphezulu;
• yinkqubo le yesekethe;
• nentshukumo ku pair - kule translational, ejikelezayo, zezindlu, etc ...

amalungiselelo beesekethe Kinematic ukuchaza isakhiwo zabo. Ukuba unike inkcazelo yalo mbono, kuba - iseti zonke izinto lesixhobo kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabo. Ukongeza, ukuba isakhiwo mechanism, kuyimfuneko ukumisela ubume lamakhonkco ozayo.

Ngokusekelwe ulwahlulohlulo ngasentla eyahlula iintlobo eziphambili lweziqalelo kumatshini ezichaza isakhiwo yayo:

• yokubeka;
• intonga kokuxhuma;
• yesingxobo;
• isilayidi.

iintlobo iindlela

Kukho ngemizobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Amaninzi, iindlela zokusombulula yahlulwe:

• lever okanye ngentonga;
• ukukhuhlana;
• cam;
• iindlela kunye links iinguqu;
• Izinyo ne al.

Phakathi ukuhlelwa ezinkulu iindlela ezifana ayinabantu, leyo yahlula ngokwamaqela amathathu:

• isebenze (umgaqo lokuphunyezwa kwale nkqubo);
• isakhiwo (kwi isakhiwo);
• zokusebenza kunye noyilo (kwi siseko lolwakhiwo).

Iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu malunga schemes kinematic kuya kuxoxwa kwi ngumzekelo actuator.

Yintoni i drive? injongo yawo

Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe ngeskim kinematic lwe drive, kufuneka ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na. Drive - isixhobo olukhethekile olwenza umatshini yi zenjini. Ngamanye amazwi, indlela uqala ukuba basuke ukuhamba amandla, nto leyo mhlawumbi injini okanye izinto ezongezelelweyo. yesekethe reducer Kinematic buyafuneka ukwenzela isifundo yeli binzana "idrayivu". Esi sixhobo yindlela kwale ntshulube okanye iiseyile leyo edlulisela ukujikeleza ukusuka motor ngqo nomphini umatshini. emzimbeni wayo wenziwa iibheringi, emigodini kunye amagiya.

circuit drive Kinematic

Noba zonke izinto drive ezinxulumene omnye komnye, abe nempembelelo ethile komnye. Oko kukuthi, akayi kuba ngokwaneleyo isifundo intshukumo iqela elinye kuphela, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo impembelelo kwabo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, bonke bezimpi isakhiwo usikhokelela kwingongoma enye, njengokuba umthetho, kukho umngxuma motor. wesekethe Kinematic drive ekuthiwa elilingana, kunye iinketho - kuluhlu.

Schemes kule izixhobo yenziwa izinto ezisisiseko ezifana:

• motor;
• gear ngaphandle;
• reducer;
• i drive oluthi kumatshini;
• bamba.

Esi sisincoko classic kinematic scheme, ezinye iziqalelo ukuze zisalelayo.

I kwikinetiki scheme ezinye iindlela

Yeefom - isayensi ufunda uyilo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke scheme yahlukile ngohlobo ngalunye lwezixhobo. Cinga ukusondela kakhulu ziyenzeka ibandla - umatshini. Kakade ke, kukho iqela kwezinye iindlela, yaye ukuba bafunde amacebo ingathatha ixesha elininzi. Imifanekiso kwezakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo zithathwa banzi zizazinzulu, iinjineli kunye amateurs yeefom.

Lo matshini - umzekelo olula kwendlela leyo iqhutywa yimikhosi ezithile. Izidumbu lolawulo uyilo zezi: a itafile, ngenkxaso yokuluka, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha. Machine yeefom chain akhiwa amagiya ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo zicwangciswe ngokokulandelelana. Iskimu transmission kinematic Isenokuba wakhiwe ibhanti okanye iindlela nezixhobo worm. Kulo umzobo, zonke izinto designated ngabalinganiswa ezizodwa, ezibhaliswe kwi GOST 3462-61. circuit Machine Kinematic ngokuyimfuneko kubandakanya amanyathelo zokuluka, worms kubiza iimodyuli, inani revolutions amandla injini, njalo njalo. D.

izixhobo Modern iye transmission ngoomatshini kuphela, wayedla izixhobo hydraulic okanye womoya, kwaye, ngokulandelelana, kwi zokundwendwela zezixhobo machine inokufumaneka hayi scheme kinematic, ezidityanisiweyo okanye Ukusebenzisa umoya-zombane.

Ihlabathi yanamhlanje koomatshini kunye namalungu likhulu kakhulu, kukho amawaka yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo iindlela kunye namacandelo. Nakuba kunjalo, iyunithi nganye inayo umzobo yayo ngoomatshini kinematic, nokuba kwendwe, ukunqunyanyiswa isithuthi, asike umatshini okanye Derrick. imizobo noyilo Kinematic neenkcazelo kunceda ukuqonda isakhiwo kunye nokwakhiwa kweendlela lula inkqubo ukufunda izinto intshukumo kunye amakhonkco kwikhonkco. Ngokusebenzisa izikim ezinjalo, yaye yeefom yesayensi inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe ngokubanzi ukuma, kukho iindlela ezininzi nobunzima kakhulu, oomatshini kunye nezixhobo ukuba ngenkuthalo yinxalenye yobomi bethu kunye nawe.