Lithium yentsimbi phosphate ibhetri: iimpawu, isicelo

izixhobo Modern yonke imihla kuya ezinokuntsonkotha enamandla. imigangatho technology High ukwenza neemfuno eziphakamileyo neebhetri ngoku kufuneka ukudibanisa yokusebenza ephezulu, nokusebenza amandla, kwaye ube ubonelelo olongeziweyo lombane.

Ukuqaliswa iindidi ezintsha kwimveliso izixhobo zombane, ekukhawuleziseni inkqubo - konke oku kwandisa ukuya kwemfuno zombane, kunye neebhetri mihla akusenakujongwa kusoloko ukuhlangana nazo. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, abavelisi baye bakhethe ukuphucula ubugcisa lwe Lithium-ion. Ngoko ke wazalwa ukuba ibhetri lithium yentsimbi phosphate (LiFePO4), nto leyo umzukulwana ezizinzululwazi iibhetri Li-Ion.

ulwazi zembali

LiFePO4, okanye LFP, - izimbiwa zendalo olivine usapho, yaqala yafunyanwa ngo-1996 zizazinzulu e University of eTexas, uJohn Goodenough, eyayibulindile iindlela zokuphucula imithombo amandla Li-ion. Woku kukuba le anetyuwa zinetyhefu encinane kunye nozinzo ephakamileyo oshushu ngaphezu nantoni eyaziwa ngexesha i electrode.

Ngaphandle ngokudibana kwindawo yendalo, yaye ngeendleko eziphantsi. Eyona ethile ephambili i electrode ngokusekelwe LiFePO4 yaba umthamo yombane encinane, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba Lithium yentsimbi phosphate ibhetri uyekile eziza kuphuhliswa.

Uphando kweli cala yaqalwa ngo-2003 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Iqela izazinzulu usebenza zokudalwa ibhetri ngokwesiseko entsha eza kuba indawo kakhulu eziphambili ngelo iibhetri xesha, Li-Ion. Le projekthi abanomdla kwiinkampani ezinkulu ezifana Motorola kunye Qualcomm kaThixo, okunyusileyo ukuvela ibhetri iziqalelo LiFePO4 cathode.

LiFePO4 Ibhetri ngokusekelwe

Olu hlobo iibhetri isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo ukuvelisa umbane, yaye iiseli lwe Lithium-ion njengesiqhelo kuthi. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho iqela umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo. Okokuqala, kukuba ukusebenzisa udidi yaso BMS - inkqubo yolawulo ekhusela ibhetri yombane ukuba ukutshaja ixesha elide kungabenza kunye ukubhobhoza nzulu, iphucula iyahlala yenza amandla umthombo womelele ngakumbi.

Okwesibini, LiFePO4, ngokungafaniyo LiCoO2, lingaphantsi ityhefu. Le nyaniso ukuba ukuphepha ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo. Ingakumbi ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa ayibe ngenxa yokulahla ngokungafanelekanga of iibhetri.

Ekugqibeleni, ngenxa yokungabikho kwemigangatho emanyeneyo elements LFP babe abhalwa imichiza ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebangela imizekelo ukwahluka Performance phezu uluhlu olubanzi. Ukongeza, ezi amandla izinto zolondolozo nzima kakhulu kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe ngokungqinelana nemithetho ethile.

iimpawu technical

Kuthiwa lithium yentsimbi phosphate ibhetri 48 volts, volts 36 volts 60 ziveliswa ngokulandelelana interconnecting iiseli olunye, kuba ombane ubuninzi kwelinye LFP-icandelo mawungabi ngaphezu kwe-3,65 V. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza ibhetri nganye kungase kwahluka enye kwenye - konke oko kuxhomekeke libandla imichiza nokwakheka ethile.

Uhlalutyo Performance asondeze ixabiso eliphambili iseli enye.

Ukuqondwa ilungileyo isakhono iseli ngamnye ibhetri solufumanekile Everexceed. Lithium intsimbi phosphate battery Everexceed kwahluka ubomi obude. Bonke bakwazi ukumelana ukuya ku-4 amawaka. Imijikelo Charge-ukuchitha ilahleko kwezakhono ukuya kutsho kuma-20%, kwaye wemvula yokugcina amandla lenzeka imizuzu-12. Njengoko oku, sinokugqiba ukuba Everexceed iibhetri ungomnye abameli ilungileyo LFP-elements.

Ubuhle lobubi

Inzuzo ephambili ukuba umntu onomtsalane kandziyisa lithium intsimbi phosphate ibhetri, phakathi kwezinye abameli CRA, kuba ixesha elide. Loo element uyakwazi ukumelana ngaphezulu kwe-3 amawaka imijikelo isigxina-obhobhozayo kwinqanaba lamandla kusithwa-30%, kwaye ngaphezu kwamawaka 2 - .. Ukuba lehla kwi-20%. Ngenxa yoko ubomi bebhetri umlinganiselo malunga neminyaka 7.

Esitalini current ehlaselayo ukugqithisela yesibini obalulekileyo LFP-izinto. Le ombane output ihlala ilingana no 3.2 V de yoyalo iphelelwe. Oku lula iintambo, kokuphelisa imfuneko nabalawuli ombane.

Higher incopho yangoku - yesithathu inzuzo yabo. Olu phawu ivumela ibhetri ukubanika igunya eliphezulu nokuba kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu. Lo mhlaba kuye kwabangela abavelisi isithuthi ukusebenzisa Lithium intsimbi phosphate ibhetri njengomthombo wamandla zaseprayimari xa uqalisa iinjini ipetroli nedizili.

Kunye zonke izinto, LiFePO4 iibhetri kufuneka ethile enye enkulu - ubunzima enkulu kunye nomlinganiselo. Oku sinqande ukusetyenziswa kwazo iintlobo ezithile oomatshini kunye nezixhobo zombane.

Iimpawu yokusebenza

Ukuba uthenga amabhetri Lithium-phosphate esele zenziwe, ubunzima kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokusebenza aninabo. Zonke ngenxa yokuba abenzi izinto ezinjalo kufakwa ibhodi BMS ezithintela ukutshaja ixesha elide kungabenza nokuthintela obhobhozayo element ukuya kwelona nqanaba lisezantsi.

Kodwa ukuba uthenga iiseli ngamnye (iibhetri penlight, umzekelo), ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba sigcine iso lamandla ebhetri yedwa. Xa ophethe sibe ngaphantsi kwenqanaba ezibalulekileyo (2.00 V ngezantsi) ziya kuwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye capacitance, iyenza nzima uyitshaje iiseli. Ukuba wena, phezu koko, kufuneka ngokungaphaya (ngasentla 3,75 V), iseli bulges nje ngenxa iigesi kukhululwa.

Ukuba usebenzisa ibhetri enjalo ngesithuthi yombane, emva 100% akuba kufuneka ukhuphe itshaja ibhetri. Kungenjalo, ibhetri kutyhobozela ngenxa supersaturation of electrocution.

imithetho yokusebenza

Ukuba uceba ukusebenzisa i iibhetri Lithium-phosphate kwimo elibujikele kwaye njengesikhuseli, umzekelo, njengomthombo wamandla-ups okanye ngokusebenzisana kunye ibhetri solar, kufuneka uthathe unonophelo ukuthoba umgangatho kwentlawulo 3.40-3.45 V. ukumelana lo msebenzi kunceda tshaja 'smart' ukuba ngokuzenzekelayo sigqibe kuqala ngokupheleleyo zonikezelo amandla, uze ukuthoba izinga ntshikilelo.

Ngexesha ukusebenza, kufuneka iliso intsalela iiseli okanye ukusetyenziswa okulinganisa ekhethekileyo intlawulo (kwi ibhetri, ukuba zakhiwa ukuba isithuthi yombane). iseli ukungalingani ebizwa ukwimeko enjalo, xa ombane iyonke isixhobo kwinqanaba ngegama, kodwa ombane iseli uba ezahlukeneyo.

Le meko kungenxa umahluko resistances zonke izigaba, amahlwempu zoqhagamshelwano therebetween. Ukuba iiseli kufuneka yombane ezahlukeneyo, kwaye zabo ezimagqagala ntlawulo-ukubhobhoza, nto leyo kunciphisa kakhulu ubomi wenkonzo ibhetri.

Ukubeka ibhetri ukusebenza

Ngaphambi usebenzisa iibhetri lithium phosphate ndawonye ngeeseli ezahlukeneyo, kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo inkqubo balancing, njengoko amacandelo babe kwinqanaba isigxina ezahlukeneyo. Ukulungiselela le njongo onke macandelo amaqhina oqhagamshelwano ngaxeshanye kwaye uqhagamshele rectifier, kwitshaja. United oko kuyimfuneko ukungakuhlawulisi iseli ku 3.6 V.

Ukusebenzisa ibhetri lithium yentsimbi phosphate ukuba ibhayisekile yombane, mhlawumbi waphawula ukuba kwimizuzu yokuqala ibhetri unika amandla eliphezulu, yaye ngoko ke intlawulo asilela khona ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwinqanaba 3.3-3.0 V. Musa ukoyika oku, ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza eqhelekileyo yebhetri . Isibakala sokuba uninzi amandla ayo (malunga 90%) ubuxoki kule kuluhlu.

isiphelo

Efficiency lwe Lithium-phosphate neebhetri yi-20-30% ngaphezulu kunamanye iibhetri. Ngelo xesha linye bakhonza iminyaka 2-3 ngaphezu kweminye imithombo igunya, kwakunye nokubonelela ekhoyo zizinze phezu lonke ixesha yokusebenza. Konke oku kubonisa izinto kwenziwa onomtsalane.

Noko ke, abantu abaninzi baya ngoyaba kunye lithium zentsimbi phosphate ibhetri. Iingenelo neengozi ibhetri iba phambi ixabiso labo - sisiphinda 5-6 ngaphezu kwesiqhelo kuthi ukukhokela-asidi iiseli. Le ibhetri yemoto kwezoqeqesho avareji malunga ne-26 amawaka. Engange.