Karakum Canal: inkcazelo, imbali besakhiwo, photo

Yintoni umsele? It is a stream eyenziwe ngumntu wadalwa ngayo nayiphi na injongo. Oku kube zokunkcenkceshela ilizwe, ukuqukuqela enye okanye ukuncitshiswa iindlela. Amanye amajelo amanzi asetyenziswa ngabakhenkethi njenge indawo yokuphumla. Apha ubuhle bendalo, umoya ococekileyo, oluninzi zeentaka. Kukho izizathu ezimbini zokwenza imijelo adlulisele kwemithombo yamanzi okanye impahla. Njengoko umthetho, uninzi kula maqumrhu yamanzi - kunawo.

ukubaluleka Kumanele imeko yakhe ijelo ebizwa ngokuba Karakum. Yena umi ungamalungu amaninzi.

incazelo

Ngowe-1988, i-eSoviet Union wafakwa ukusebenza kwiziko unique hydraulic - i Karakum Canal. ubude Flow kwaba 1450 km, kwaye inamathele River Amudaria recalcitrant ezinye (igama lendawo - Dzheyhun) ngamnye kunye noLwandle lweCaspian. Kwihlabathi akukho analogue zintsonkotha, izigqibo uyilo, neenzima ukusebenza ngenxa iimeko zemozulu esibi Karakum babeziindleko entlango.

Izizathu ekwakheni umsele

Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-amathathu (ukususela ngo-1954) yaye yenziwa kwakusakhiwa Karakum Canal, ngexesha lokudalwa layo bemanyene Stalin era, Khrushchev, Brezhnev latsala nabameli bezizwe 32 ukusuka kwizixeko 250 eSoviet Union. ummandla ngalinye lizwe kuqwalaselwa ngayo umsebenzi wakhe ukuthumela izinto ezikhethekileyo, izixhobo, kunye nokunika uncedo oluyimfuneko ukuze giant projekthi bonke-womanyano.

Ingxaki enikezela amanzi kwimimandla ngokoma Turkmenistan wema ixesha elide. Yaba lo mngeni ubalulekileyo ngexesha lakhe. Kodwa ukuba kubekho amanzi abaziinjubaqa, umlambo lukhuni wababeka ngokusebenzisa lamathafa olukhulu kuphela siqinile kwaye ziphuhliswe ngokwezoqoqosho.

zokwakha

Karakumsky channel kwakhiwa zigaba eziliqela, ngalinye edityaniswe umlambo wamanzi ezithile ndawo. Isebe channel lokuqala i Amu Darya River ukuya kwisixeko Murghab, yakhiwa ngo-1959. Yaba ubude malunga 400 km. Ngaba isiphumo ebalulekileyo yokwakhiwa kwinqanaba lokuqala yokumpompoza manzi - ukukwazi ukungena Ukubolekisa Umhlaba onkcenkceshelwayo omtsha kwama-1000 square metres. km. Icandelo elilandelayo, ecanda town Tejen. Waba ubude malunga 140 km, ukuba amanzi ukunika 700 macala onke. km kwaye ukuxhasa ezinye iihektare 30,000 kwamasimi nisela.

Yi elikomkhulu Turkmen Ashgabat, Karakum Canal kuqhutywa ngo-1962. Kweli nqanaba, kwaba phantse ubude km 800. Ummandla womhlaba esanda nisela ngaphesheya icala aya sele sifikelele malunga 3,000 yezikwere. km.

Ngeli xesha ukwakhiwa emjelweni umisiwe yaye kuqaliswe kuphela ngo-1971 kwakhona. Abakhi waqala ukwakhiwa isebe lesine, wathabatha ulwalathiso Ashgabat - Beriket. Ngelo xesha yayakhiwe Kopetdag idama kunye ichibi igama elifanayo.

I ngakumbi bayahlelwa umjelo

abayili Kamva Karakum Canal yahlulwa kwiindawo ezimbini. Elinye isebe ukuzolula kwingingqi kumzantsi-ntshona Turkmenistan nendawo yokuhlala Atrek waza wafikelela kubude km 270. Isebe yesibini vuphukuphuku ku umzi Nebit UDoug. Last isabelo channel oluya ecaleni imibhobho obonelela ngamanzi owayesakuba Krasnovodsk (Turkmenbasy yanamhlanje).

Sele kwisithuba imbali yale mihla ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane xxi, abakhi waseTurkmenistan ozimeleyo wamisa amadama ezinkulu kulo mmandla - Zeydskoe, ngenjongo yokulungisa kunye ingcaciso amanzi.

Ngenxa sandstorms rhoqo phezu bend channel, nto leyo ngokufuthi ethwaxa elunxwemeni, unyaka wonke, umsebenzi mome arhente yokusebenza ekhethekileyo ucupho kunye nokhuseleko, inzima kakhulu amalungiselelo Karakum Canal. Imbali esi sakhiwo umdla ngokwenene.