Izithuba ngokusemthethweni ebalulekileyo umthetho civil

Ngokutsho Code Civil, ngokusemthethweni imiyalezo ingaba ngohlobo izaziso, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezininzi lemiyalezo, kuquka iingxelo. Le nkcazelo kufuneka idluliselwe kumamkeli. Ngokukhawuleza kwenzeka phezu uthumelo lwemiyalezo ezibalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni zanixa- indlela kulawulwa izenzo olumisiweyo intsebenziswano. propati sixelwe ngumthetho, isivumelwano phakathi umthumeli i-data. Imiphumo lichaze imiyalezo kwenye macala mabini, okanye zombini zihlelwa umthetho wobukhaya.

Le mizekelo ezilula

Ngokomzekelo, omnye ngokuqinileyo ijolise ekubeni lenze enye isivumelwano kunye okulawula. Loo mazwi enokufakwa phantsi kodidi umyalezo ebalulekileyo ngokomthetho.

Kukho kwakhona imeko eyahlukileyo: umthengisi uya kuthumela isaziso kumthengi ukuba unako ukuza kulo yokugcina, nto leyo iya kukhupha sikhundla ezifunyenweyo.

Ngokubanzi, nayiphi na imbalelwano, wathumela egameni bakhi, ingachazwa imiyalezo ebalulekileyo ngokomthetho.

Igosa liye akazange irhoxisiwe

Ukuba abanye umbutho ufuna ukuthumela imbalelwano esemthethweni kule dilesi somamkeli - umntu osemthethweni okanye ezemvelo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba, ngenxa iphepha kufika ngexesha xa umamkeli DIV uthunyelwe. Oku ixelela Isigaba 165,1. azinako ukusekwa ngokusemthethweni imiyalezo ebalulekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba sele zinikelwe ngokusemthethweni kumamkeli.

Ukusuka ezisebenza kummandla nemithetho yelizwe lethu kubonisa ukuba otyalayo unelungelo ngoyaba kokufumana ngokuphambuka enjalo. Ukuba imeko injani ngendlela yokuba umamkeli akavumi ukwamkela uxwebhu okanye ibekwe idilesi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ungena mechanism force GC, iqaphela imiyalezo ebalulekileyo wayinikela ngokusemthethweni.

Kwaye practice?

Isebenza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Okungagqibekanga yakholwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba uthunyelwe ezi uye wafumana ulawulo. Kodwa ke kubalulekile ukuba umthumeli kwimeko ungquzulwano baye kwixwebhu yokuba lokuposa senziwa. Kulo mzekelo, elinye iqela ukuze aphumelele imbambano uya uzama ukuveza ukuba amaxwebhu anikezelwa, ngoxa yesibini iya kuba inyanzelise kwi eyahlukileyo.

Kwaye kusoloko kukho ingozi yokuba imiyalezo enga-ngokusemthethweni ebalulekileyo kwanaxa xa zihamba kumacala amabini esivumelwano ukuba ingxabano. indima yayo ingadlala impazamo yabantu, ukulahlekelwa uxwebhu okanye imiba kunye nendlela delivery ekhethiweyo.

Ziqapheleni!

Of mthetho kufuneka ukuba ungenza ngokukhululekileyo ukusebenzisa iindlela zonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha ezikhoyo, akukho Imiqathango oku bezinganyanzelwanga. Ngaphandle e-mail, ungasebenzisa imiyalezo kwi yefowuni yakho, imiyalezo kwi social networks, kunye nefeksi.

Kulo mhlathi 65th imimiselo kule nombolo 25, yamkelwa ngo-2015, le nkundla iphezulu iye yaqinisekisa ngokusemthethweni ukuba ukuziswa imiyalezo ebalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni nge e-mail, ifeksi, ezomthetho, ezomthetho, oku akungqubani nayiphi na imigaqo.

Ngelo xesha kulo mkhuba yomthetho uyazi kufumaneka ezininzi de 2015, xa abagwebi yasekwa ukuba email lalithetha ukufumana imiyalezo ebalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni kwaye le ndlela ngaphezu ngokwaneleyo.

Yaye siyakubulela

Ukuba bonke ihonjiswe kakuhle kakhulu, akukho mfuneko kuphela ukuba babhalise ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ukuthumela uxwebhu kumamkeli. Icala lesibini le meko kufuneka afumane oko echanekileyo ngokusemthethweni. Oku kubandakanya ekulondolozweni yonke imiyalezo efunyenweyo, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo apho bafika.

Umsebenzi umthumeli - ukugcina amaxwebhu ukusuka apho kulandela ukuba ulawulo kwenzekileyo. Ukuba ungafumana i uxwebhu esayiniweyo, ephindaphinda ukuba kude isandla yesibini lifikelele umyalezo lebyi ngokusemthethweni, kubalulekile ukuzikhusela kuyo. Ukuba kukho uphawu yeposi, exela ukuba ntetho akwenzeki, ngoko ke nabo banethemba enguvimba inkampani xa kuthe imeko yongquzulwano a. Enkundleni, kuya kuba ubungqina obuphathelele umthumeli.

Indlela enye kanjani?

Ngokusemthethweni unxibelelwano ebonakalayo lithatyathwa ngokuba kunikelwa ukuba igosa wakwazi ukufumana unokontraka umzobo okanye abantu elinomyalezo amaxwebhu engenayo.

Ukuba akukho proof of delivery ayifumanekanga uxwebhu, kungenzeka imeko yongquzulwano a. Simela Kwimeko enjalo, omnye ngokuqinileyo uthumela ukuba le ncwadi yesibini apho uceba ukulungiselela okulawula. Umamkeli akuthethi unqwenela ukwamkela uxwebhu, Ongayinikeliyo uphawu lwendawana, mhlawumbi umamkeli nje balibala ukukhangela umhla wokubhalisa esemthethweni yonikezelo. Ngenxa yoko, lowo uthunyelwe ezi iphepha unalo ilungelo lokufuna ukuba consignor ukuhlawula ityala kunye nezohlwayo.

Ngokucacileyo - isibonelo

Masithi kukho iinkampani ezimbini - A no-B Baye kudala ukwenza ishishini kunye, kodwa ngoku kukho imeko Company Inkampani unetyala B isixa kakhulu kuba iinkonzo ezinikezelwa ngokupheleleyo. Masithi isixa ityala 250 lamawaka.

Phambi kokuba inkampani B unesibophelelo ahlawule inkampani A ukuze impahla evela kwamanye amazwe ngokupheleleyo. Umdibaniso ezi neemfanelo - 155 amawaka. Mhlawumbe lulungisa amatyala omnye komnye. Inkampani abanomdla kule ndlela ekubaleni, thumela idilesi missive yenkampani B. Amaxwebhu sibhalwe phezulu kwisebe accounting, yadluliselwa yekhuriya ize ithunyelwe kwikomkhulu benkampani B. In lwalo ekhethwayo, lo otyalayo ufumana iphepha ubeka isiginitsha yakhe phezu irisithi. iirekhodi Accounting imicimbi engekenziwa kwi-akhawunti ka-60 (debit), 62 (a mboleko).

Rainbow: lo umnyama?

Le meko ochazwe - yeyona HIV kunokwenzeka. Xa imeko engagqibekanga imiyalezo ebalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni, iziphumo ngokwasemthethweni osimeleyo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Imbalelwano olunjalo kunokwenzeka ukuba kuvunyelwane ezahlukeneyo nobudlelwane kwezoshishino. Bavunyelwa ukuba nemihla ethile ukwenzela imisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo.

Njani okunye okwenzekayo?

Cinga izithuba ezifanelekileyo ngokusemthethweni meko: akukho mveliso A and B, abasebenzisanayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo - umbutho omnye unika ezinye izixhobo kwi mboleko. Masithi ukuba umqeshi - yenkampani B, kwaye umnini - lo A. ngokuqinileyo zizigqeba A Company iye yagqiba ekubeni lixesha lokutshintsha isantya ezirentwayo - imfuneko yokuphakamisa iirhafu, okanye umsebenzi iqumrhu elisemthethweni kuba azincedi lutho. Kulo mzekelo, isivumelwano mbanjwa phakathi kweenkampani likuvumela utshintshe irenti ukuba ufuna enye amaqela.

Le mvumelwano iqulathe ulwazi isaziso ukwanda irente kufuneka ibhekiswe yikhuriya umqeshi kunye iirhafu ezintsha ukusebenza ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga elandelayo emva kokuba ukuqaliswa ezintsha. Kulo mzekelo, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo, esiza emva kokuba omnye apho umqeshi wayisayinela kufunyenwe myalezo.

Kwaye kwenzeka ntoni?

Kulo meko, isilingo babhenele ekuqulunqeni ilandelayo: ukusilela ukufumana imiyalezo ezibalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni. Ngamafutshane, musa atyikitye ukuba uzifumene ezo leta, nto leyo ithetha ukwanda irenti, ukuba ngathi ukuba njengabangabangakho, yaye siqhubeke ukuhlawula iimeko ezifanayo.

Kule meko, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba nayiphi na izithuba ezibalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni umthetho yoluntu zithathwa zisiwe ngokwendalo. Oko kukuthi, umqeshi kufuneka ukuba ubungqina enkundleni ukuba akazange afumane naluphi na isaziso. Ukuba abaphumeleli, kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule ityala, ukuba ahlawule imirhumo zomthetho nokumgqubuthela umdla ngenxa yokuba namatyala.

Imithetho, imimiselo, imiyalelo

Umthetho, yahlaziywa ngo-2015 ngokumalunga izithuba ezifanelekileyo ngokusemthethweni ngokomthetho waseburhulumenteni, kwaba abantu zomthetho kunye bendalo ungafani. Phambi into elolo hlobo ayizange bana kwimithetho eli lizwe. Kuba amagqwetha amaninzi, oosomashishini norm wabonakala ayicacanga, kunye nokusebenza yayo ngenxa ndzingo lowukulu - kwafuneka ngokutsha umbono yabo okusemthethweni kunye iikontraki.

wobugqwetha ubonisa ukuba ngokwenene ezintsha waba inzuzo yeshishini, njengoko kukho iimbambano ezimbalwa. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba utshintsho kwimigaqo yokusebenzisana ngaphambili kwakhokelela kungquzulwano phakathi kwamaqela ukuba bagqibe kwisivumelwano, kodwa ingxaki abaninzi ngenxa yokuba, ukuba ukungqina ukuba imisebenzi yenziwa ngokomthetho. Ke kaloku omnye amanyathelo yokutshintsha kweemeko - ingxelo inxaxheba yesibini intengiselwano, ukuba le yokuqala ufuna ukuguqula isivumelwano - iye ngokucacileyo sele kuchaziwe kulo mthetho.

Ingaba yonke into ilungile?

Nangona kungeniswa norms lwemithetho ukuba razrulit kwiimeko ezininzi impixano, kwaye ngoku kukho iimpikiswano ezininzi ezibhekiselele imiyalezo ezibalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni. Oku kungenxa yokuba umthetho yangoku awuqulathanga i amagama ngqo ekubeni yeyiphi na indlela isaziso kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokufanelekileyo kuvela kwezinye iimeko osemthethweni.

Xa umntu onomdla ulingeka ukuba uthathe ithuba ukungafezeki imithetho, ukuze ukwazi ukumela umdla yayo kwimeko ungquzulwano a. Kwiimeko ezininzi, uncedo uza nomthetho, ukuba sele kufumaneka ezifanayo (ezifana izaziso nge e-mail), ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuthembela ingqondo. Enoba kwenzeka ntoni na, sekunjalo imigangatho kufuneka luphuculwe, leyo ke into eyenzekayo xa isicelo komthetho okhoyo.

Imicimbi, izivumelwano kunye neengxelo

Ngokusemthethweni umyalezo ebonakalayo kubalulekile xa iinkampani A and B baye basebenzisana ixesha elithile, ukuba esisigxina izivumelwano, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile omnye amaqela bagqiba ukutshintsha iimeko. Of the Code Civil kufuneka, masithi ukuba ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela efakiweyo ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo yi ikhontrakthi. Oku kukhokelela kwisivumelwano ukupheliswa, kwenzeka ntoni ngokusemthethweni, ukuba wathunyelwa nonxibelelwano lweteknoloji ukwala ukufeza iimfanelo.

Kamsinya nje omnye amaqela ithumela umyalezo lebyi ngokusemthethweni, singakwazi ukuthetha malunga nesivumelwano isiphelo. Ezizezinye - izilungiso. Uqala ukwenza yathi umyalezo lebyi ngokusemthethweni kufika khona.

Kwaye xa impazamo?

Lo mzuzu kakhulu iintloni - kuxa elinye iqela uthumele umyalezo ukutshintsha kwimvumelwano, kwaye eyesibini akazange afumane nto, hayi kuba wayengafuni, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba wabafihla ubunyani ukwamkela hayi ngokwenene cala wafumana inkcazelo. Akukho yingxaki kangako yaye imeko apho umyalezo sindise kumamkeli, kodwa umamkeli ndaqhelana naye kamva kunokuba ukuze ezinqwenelwayo.

iimeko ezinjalo ezinxulumene ne ezahlukeneyo iimbambano ngomxholo indlela sivumelwano siyapheliswa xa kwaye oko kwenzeka ntoni ingongoma. Abanye bayathandabuza ukuba isivumelwano kwanele ukuba omnye amaqela kungaliwa yonke okanye inxalenye ukuzalisekisa sivumelwano. Kwakhona impikiswano ke ngexesha admissibility kwesivumelwano ilandelayo: ukuba siqwalasele ukuba ngaba nosuku Iwesivumelwano nokuhlenga okanye umhla le leta mini zifunyenwe, suku ufunda ulwazi lowo uthunyelwe ezi? Kakade ke, imithetho updated ezo zinto zabuya ngendlela efana ukunciphisa iingongoma ukuxabana, kodwa uzakufun aukugqithisa ngokupheleleyo imeko ubuncwane akuphumelelanga.

umyalezo Legal lebyi: hayi kuphela kwishishini

Phela, nalo olu hlobo ulwazi kusenokwenzeka ukuba nazo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Yintoni? Masithi ukuba ummi ukuxhamla ilifa lokwenene ufuna ukuyithengisa. Ukuba inkqubo waya ngokomyalelo, kwakuza kufuneka ukubeka abanye abathathi-nxaxheba aziswe yingisela ezicwangcisiweyo. Nabo ke, kufuneka bavumelane intengiso ipropati wasemzini. Umthengisi ngokukhawuleza ukwenza ulwazi loluntu malunga oko ixabiso, ngokuxhomekeke kuyo nayiphi na imiqathango ezicwangciselwe yentengiso.

Ezinye abanini into, ukuba izabelo zabo zithathwa ukuba babe amaqela anomdla yingisela. Okokuqala, kufuneka banike up ukufumana iinxalenye bathengisa, ngoko kuphela kuya kuba lula ukusebenza kwiqela lesithathu. Ingaba abachaphazelekayo babe ngenyanga ukuvakalisa izimvo zabo. Ukuba wathengisa nesabelo impahla yakhe, ngoko ke kufuneka senze isigqibo kwiintsuku eziyi-10 ukususela kumhla wesaziso. Ukuba umntu akathanga ukubonisa inyathelo, umthengisi lubotshelelwe kumthengi evela ngaphandle yaye basebenzise ilungelo behlise. Emini isaziso kukuba kumhla isaziso mazinikwe abanini. Imini isenzeko amalungelo ukuya dili - luya kuqhubeka ngokukhawuleza ngexesha ngokomthetho.

Akunamsebenzi wehla?

Isivumelwano transaction, eli siko ungachaza mzuzu ngqo yokungena iimeko ezintsha wentsebenziswano. Lo mzekelo ungentla: ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga elandela xa umyalezo ebonakalayo ngokusemthethweni wakhululwa.

Ukuba akukho kukhankanywa enjalo, umthetho uthi ukuba ixesha siqala ukusebenza ukususela kwixesha xa uthunyelwe ezi sele ufumene ulwazi. Ingakumbi umdla kule nkalo, le kumhlathi wesibini komhlathi wokuqala yeSiqendu 165 ze-Civil Code, nto leyo ithi wada wanikela umyalezo ngeposi uzakuthunyelwa ngayo umyalezo kumamkeli, kodwa wamnikela kungekhona ngenxa yezizathu ezizimeleyo umthumeli. Kwakhona, umthumeli ayikho uxanduva nokubuyekeza umxholo womyalezo. Umsebenzi umthumeli - ukuthumela uxwebhu ngexesha kwaye ubungqina obubhaliweyo oku. Oku kwenza kube lula ukulungisa imeko yongquzulwano ke, ukuba kujoliswe kuphambuka ekufumaneni ulwazi, ngethemba ukwandisa intsebenziswano kwi amagama kakuhle.

kwenzeka kakhulu

Le meko inqabile, kodwa kwenzeka, omnye amaqela isivumelwano kwangaphambili ngokuthatha amanyathelo ngokomthetho imiyalezo kubalulekile ayenzi ukufikelela, oku kunika ingcaciso engachanekanga malunga idilesi kuhambelwano. Ngaphambili, i "trick" enjalo isebenza, kodwa kwi-Code ezihlaziyiweyo Civil kwimeko enjalo, luxanduva olusemagxeni kunye kumamkeli. Ukuba umthumeli uthumele iinkcukacha, nasekuziqiniseni kwam oku, ukuba imeko yongquzulwano a, inkundla iya kuba phezu ecaleni kwakhe.

Sisebenzisana kunye nabemi

umthetho Updated kubandakanywa nemigaqo emitsha emalunga idilesi yokuhlala ommi ethile. Ngokomzekelo, umntu uvumelekile ukuba zazise bonke imibutho awanyakazela ngayo imisebenzi ukujongana ubhaliso nje kuphela kodwa yokuhlala yexeshana. Lo isenokuba babatyalayo kunye namanye amaqela anomdla. Masithi umntu izindlu ezimbini, ibhaliswe kwelinye, kodwa siphila komnye.

Ulwalathiso yokubhalisa inkcazelo ebalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni idla unikeze idilesi ahlala kuyo, kunokuba indawo okwexeshana, kodwa ulwalathiso imeko nolwazi ezinokuvela ukuze abantu baya kubona ixesha imiqathango isaziso ukutshintsha wentsebenziswano. Kwixesha elizayo, xa iingxoxo zibhekisela kwinto yokuba ulwazi nje "akazange abone" akathandi kusebenza, kokuba loo maqhinga kunye wasebenza. Ukuba umthumeli ithunyelwa nge enye ingcaciso enikwe kuye idilesi, kucingwa ukuba umamkeli yazisiwe kwaye neziphumo kwenzeka.