Izifo sisiba mandundu: uluhlu

Eli binzana engaqhelekanga ukuba izigulane ezininzi indlebe. Kwilizwe lethu, oogqirha ukusebenzisa ngayo kunye neenkcukacha zabo bagqibayo ukugula beliqela eyahlukileyo. Noko ke, amayeza kwihlabathi Lexicon koogqirha, ibinzana elithi "isifo sisiba mandundu" kwenzeka rhoqo. iqela labo kuquka ezo zifo ezo rhoqo kangakanani, ibangela ukuthotywa ukusebenza izicwili, amalungu, ubume babo. iiseli atshintsha rhoqo eneentlungu sisiba mandundu, imeko yabo kuguga, ichaphazela ancedisana amalungu. Kulo mzekelo, igama elithi "ukonakala" libhekisela yamehlo ngcembe yaye ngokuthe ngcembe, yinto embi.

izifo zofuzo sisiba mandundu

Izifo yeli qela owahlukeneyo kakhulu ngokwezonyango, kodwa luphawulwa ikhondo elifanayo. Nangaliphi na ixesha, a omdala esempilweni okanye umntwana ngokuzenzekelayo bagula emva kokuba sesichengeni nayiphi na imiba ayeke, ukuze eve ubunzima inkqubo luvo kunye nezinye iinkqubo kunye namaziko. Iimpawu Clinical kancane, isigulane uba ngakumbi. Progression iyaguquguquka. Ekugqibeleni izifo zofuzo sisiba mandundu-dystrophic kukhokelele kwinto yokuba umntu uphelelwa emininzi imisebenzi engundoqo (intetho, intshukumo, umbono, nokuva, iinkqubo ngengqondo, kunye nabanye). Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi zifo ziyabulala.

Unobangela kwezifo zofuzo sisiba mandundu ingabizwa zofuzo ezingaqhelekanga. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukubonakala ubudala sifo kunzima ukubala, kuxhomekeke gene mazwi. Ubungqongqo izifo ziza ngakumbi libizwe xa ukwandisa imiqondiso zophendlo lwezifo sofuzo.

Sele ngenkulungwane ye-19, iingcaphephe ochaze izifo ezifanayo, kodwa akaba nako ukuchaza isizathu sokuba inkangeleko yazo. Modern neuroscience zofuzo emolekyuli uye wavula iziphene ezininzi zengqo- kwi zofuzo zinoxanduva kuphuhliso iimpawu sifo kweli qela. Ngenxa yesithethe, iimpawu ukufumana eponimnye igama, oko - walihlahlisa umsebenzi iinzululwazi kuqala wachaza sifo.

iimpawu uphawu kwezifo sisiba mandundu

izifo sisiba mandundu-dystrophic iimpawu ezifanayo. Ezi ziquka:

• Qala izifo phantse azibonakali, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe phambili, nobuhlala eminyaka.
• Isiqalo kunzima ukufumana ziyakwazi ukuchongeka na unobangela.
• Ancedisana amalungu ezichatshazelwe ngokuthe wakhanyela wenze imisebenzi yabo, uhamba angakwazi kuza.
• Izifo eli qela kufuneka ukuxhathisa kuthomalaliso, unyango usoloko entsonkothileyo, kunzima yaye kunqabile olusebenzayo. Amaninzi, oko engaphenduli iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo. Unga inciphise ukukhula mandundu, kodwa phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba ayeke.
• Izifo zixhaphakile kakhulu kubantu abadala, ebudaleni, ukuba azixhaphakanga phakathi kwabantu abatsha.
• izifo badla ngenxa yofuzo. Isifo kunokwenzeka abantu abaliqela kwintsapho enye.

Eyona idumileyo isifo

Izifo ziqhelekileyo kwaye laziwa sisiba mandundu:

• yamafutha;
• umhlaza;
• chwetheza 2 diabetes;
• isifo i-Alzheimer;
• ukudleka;
• isifo samathambo;
• kwamathambo;
• isifo Parkinson kaThixo;
• multiple;
• prostatitis.

Abantu abaninzi bathi ezi zigulo ukuba i "kak'bi", kodwa ayikho kuluhlu lonke. Kukho izifo, ezinye zazo musani nokuba Ndikuvile.

izifo sisiba mandundu-dystrophic amalungu

Xa intliziyo osteoarthritis izifo sisiba mandundu - ukonakala kwazo intlala articular, ngenxa yoko, kulandele utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo kwi ithambo epiphyseal.

Ukudleka isibetho joint ixhaphakileyo ochaphazela 10-12% yabantu abane ubudala, inani lukhula kuphela. Ivame inyonga okanye idolo amalungu zombini abasetyhini kunye namadoda. Izifo sisiba mandundu - osteoarthritis zahlulwe zibe eziziprayimari nezizisekondari.

arthrosis Primary uthabathe inani lilonke-40% kuzo izifo, inkqubo sisiba mandundu yaqala ngenxa umthambo onzima, kunye nokwanda okukhulu ubunzima bomzimba, utshintsho ezinxulumene-ubudala.

samathambo Secondary bamele ama-60% amanqaku ewonke. Amaxesha amaninzi kuthi ngenxa yokwenzakala ngomatshini, kwizaphuko intraarticular, e iziphene dysplasia, izifo ngokudibeneyo post-esosulelayo, xa necrosis aseptic.

Xa arthrosis jikelele yahlulwe zaseprayimari nezasesekondari kuphela ngendlela engaqondakaliyo, ukusukela ukuba zisekelwe izinto ezifanayo yayintsholongwane eyosulela into enokuba imidibaniso ezahlukeneyo. Amaninzi ukuqonda ukuba yiyiphi into iye yaba enkulu kunye minor akwenzeki.

Emva utshintsho sisiba mandundu, imiphezulu adityanelwe zoqhagamshelwano ngokugqithiseleyo cinezela nxamnye omnye komnye. Ngenxa yoko, ukuze kuncitshiswe ifuthe mechanical, ukukhula osteophytes. inkqubo yezifo liphakama, amalungu ngakumbi ziingqaqambo, badlula umsebenzi iintungu ligamentous izixhobo. Iintshukumo baba kuphela contracture kwakhiwa.

Deforming coxarthrosis. gonartroz deforming

Sisiba mandundu joint izifo coxarthrosis kunye gonarthrosis eziqhelekileyo.

indawo yokuqala kweziganeko kuthatha coxarthrosis - hip uhlobo. Esi sifo kukhokelela kukhubazeka kuqala kunye nokukhubazeka kamva. isifo Cause angakwazi iminyaka ngokufuthi ukususela-35 ukuya kuma-40. Abasetyhini ubunzima kule ngakumbi kunamadoda. Iimpawu kuvela ngcembe, ngokuxhomekeka kubudala, ubunzima bomzimba okanye umsebenzi wenyama. Kwinqanaba lokuqala iimpawu hayi ichazwa. Maxa wambi ukukhathala xa emi ukuhamba okanye ukuthwala imithwalo enzima. Njengoko utshintsho sisiba mandundu yokwenyuka intlungu. Ngokupheleleyo zinyamalale kuphela nokuphumla, ephupheni. zihlaziywe emva kwexesha ntshikilelo encinane. Xa usebenzisa uhlobo intlungu ezingisayo, ukuze nande ebusuku.

Ukudleka wesibini - 50% kuzo izifo kwamadolo. Zamva coxarthrosis. inkqubo abaninzi liyanqunyanyiswa kwinqanaba 1. Nkqu amatyala phambili kunqabile ukuba kungakhokelela ekulahlekeni zokusebenza umthamo.

4 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo gonarthrosis:

• ukutshatyalaliswa iinxalenye zangaphakathi welungu idolo;
• a sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ephambili kumasebe zangaphandle;
• arthrosis le patella-femoral kwezingxoxo;
• ukulahleka lamasebe ezidibeneyo.

osteochondrosis

izifo sisiba mandundu yomqolo: osteochondrosis, spondylosis, spondylarthritis.

Xa iinkqubo sisiba mandundu osteochondrosis ziqala IiCD intervertebral kwi pulposus nucleus. Xa inkqubo spondylosis inxaxheba emzimbeni omqolo okufuphi. Xa spondyloarthrosis kwenzeka sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi namalungu intervertebral. izifo sisiba mandundu-dystrophic yomqolo zinobungozi kakhulu kwaye kakuhle zifo. Ubungakanani leengxaki emiselwe iimpawu ezisebenzayo morphological lwe drive.

Abantu abadala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubunzima kwezi ukuphazamiseka ngo-90% yamatyala. Kutsha nje kubekho isiqhelo lobomi sezifo yomqolo, kwenzeka nokuba ulutsha abaminyaka yobudala eyi-17-20. iqolo Low kaninzi kwenzeka xa abantu bekwi nzima kakhulu emzimbeni.

obubonakala lwezonyango zixhomekeke kwasendaweni yengxinano inkqubo kwaye inokuba luvo, emile, ukuphazamiseka yawo.

izifo sisiba mandundu e-nervous system

izifo sisiba mandundu e-nervous system idibanisa iqela elikhulu. Onke amanxeba ube amaqela sifo zemithambo-luvo yekeyeke emzimbeni imiba ethile ngaphandle kunye nezo ziphuma ngaphakathi. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa kwephulwa iinkqubo intracellular, kaninzi oku kubangwa abaneziphene.

Izifo ezininzi sisiba mandundu kuyabonakala limited okanye kwentamo yoma zobuchopho izakhiwo ezithile ezincinane lwenzeka luvo zokucutha. Kwezinye iimeko kukho nje isiphazamiso umsebenzi iiseli, akuyonto ukufa kwabo, ingqondo akuthethi ukuphuhlisa yoma (nongcangcazelo kubalulekile, DYSTONIA idiopathic).

Uninzi lwezifo sisiba mandundu babe ixesha efukamileyo elide zophuhliso, kodwa ifomu ngcembe progressive.

izifo sisiba mandundu CNS zihlelwa obubonakala zeklinikhi ukubonisa ukubandakanyeka izakhiwo ezithile luvo. ume out:

• Isifo zokubonisa syndromes extrapyramidal (disease Huntington kaThixo, lafa, isifo Parkinson i-).
• Izifo zibonise Ataxia cerebellar (yamehlo spinocerebellar).
• Izifo kunye nezilonda iineuron kweemoto (lateral sclerosis).
• Izifo ngokubonakala dementia (disease Pick kaThixo, isifo i-Alzheimer).

isifo Alzheimer

izifo Neuro-sisiba mandundu kunye iimpawu sengqondo esiyingozi aqhelekile ngakumbi ebantwini abadala. Avamise kakhulu sisifo sika-Alzheimer. Inkqubela abantu abadala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-80. Ngowe-15% amatyala esi sifo ubaleka kwiintsapho. It ukwakheka, kungathatha iminyaka 10-15.

Qala ukutshatyalaliswa luvo kwimimandla Parietal associative le uthinte, lo zexeshana kunye ngokungqalileyo, lo ezikhalayo, iindawo ezibonwayo kunye somatosensory aluz'ukuchatshazelwa. Ukongeza yokuduka luvo iimpawu ezibaluleke iidipozithi of amyloid in umonakalo saka kunye ukuqina kunye ukuqina izakhiwo wezinga neurofibrillary kunye luvo lokusinda ukuba ezinamaphepha tauprotein. Bonke abantu abadala olo tshintsho kwenzeka ngemali encinane, kodwa ucaca ngakumbi xa isifo i-Alzheimer. Kwakukho iimeko xa iklinikhi kwakunjani sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kodwa uluhlu umonakalo mbaleko.

Atrophied zone kuye unikezelo igazi yancitshiswa, kusenokuba kwingcamango yokuduka zemithambo-luvo. Isifo ayikwazi kuba ngenxa yegazi.

isifo Parkinson kaThixo

isifo Parkinson kukaThixo nayo ngokuba enikina elukhukweni enedumbe. Esi sifo ubuchopho sisiba mandundu kancane kancane ngoxa emane kuchaphazela luvo dofaminergichesikie ubonisa ngqongqo kunye akinesia, kukungazinzi postural, kunye lafa ukuphumla. Unobangela sifo awukacaci. Kukho ingcamango yokuba isifo ilifa.

Ukuxhaphaka esi sifo ibanzi kwaye ifikelela abantu emva kweminyaka 65 umlinganiselo we-1 100.

isifo ebonakalisiwe ngcembe. Wabonakala kuqala - ukungcangcazela imilenze, ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho iqinelwa, ukuqina. Okokuqala, izigulane phawula intlungu ngasemva omzimba. Iimpawu zokuqala single-kabini, ngoko inxulumanisa Ezecala lesibini.

Progression of Disease Parkinson kaThixo

Nokubonakaliswa iphambili izifo - eli akinesia okanye ukuncipha, sehlise zeentshukumo. Umntu ekugqibeleni uba maskoobraznym (gipomimiya). Obumbeneyo inqabile, ngoko nje ihlaba. intshukumo Friendly shwaka (kulingisa ngesandla xa uhamba). iminwe subtle aphulwe. Isigulane ngenkankulu etshintsha yokuma liphuma ukusuka esihlalweni sakhe wayimisa ebuthongweni bakhe. It monotone kunye iyathula. Manyathelo yoshixizo, elifutshane. Nokubonakaliswa ezingundoqo Parkinson kaThixo - nongcangcazelo izandla, imilebe, umhlathi, intloko, kwenzeka xa ukuphumla. Lafa ixhomekeke kwiimvakalelo kunye nezinye iziphakamiso nomonde.

Kumanqanaba kamva kabukhali umda ukushukumiseka, baphulukana ubuchule balance. Izigulane ezininzi kufuneka ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kodwa abanye baba sengqondo esixhalabisayo.

Izinga ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo yahluka, kunokuba iminyaka emininzi. Ekupheleni wobomi isigulane ekumiseni ngokupheleleyo, igwinya kunzima, kukho umngcipheko yokulangazelela. Ngenxa yoko, ukufa kuvame pneumonia.

lafa Essential

Isifo sisiba mandundu luphawulwa nongcangcazelo nabungozi, kungekhona mazingabhidaniswa Parkinson kaThixo. lafa ngesandla kwenzeka xa uhambisa okanye ubambe eyingozi. Ngowe-60% ye-sifo ilifa, ivela ngokufuthi yobudala engama-60. Kukholelwa ukuba isizathu le hyperkinesia ngokwaphula phakathi kwiCerebellum kwaye ziqala nuclei.

Lafa ukuba mandundu ukudinwa, ukuphazamiseka, ukusetyenziswa ikofu, amanye amachiza. Kwenzeka ke ukuba lafa ibandakanya "no-hayi" iintshukumo intloko ngokohlobo okanye "ewe", ungakwazi ukudibanisa imilenze, ulwimi, imilebe, imiphimbo, buti. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo nongcangcazelo awo ukunyuka, yaye oku kuphazamisa umgangatho eqhelekileyo yobomi.

Iminyaka Life awehlelwa ukusuka iimpawu luvo abangekhoyo, imisebenzi ezikrelekrele zombini.