Izifo intandane ngonyango. izifo lokufaka kusiya

Lwegazi, gastritis, seswekile - ukuba isifo yinto eqhelekileyo. Yokuba abahlobo bethu, abathandekayo, thina, ekugqibeleni. Kodwa kukho iqela ukuphazamiseka ezinqabileyo kakhulu. izifo ezintsha, apho abantu baye nazo ngaphambili, ibhaqwe nyaka ngamnye. Ngoko ke, izifo inkedama - ntoni na? Indlela ukuba uliphathe?

Izifo Intandane: ntoni na?

Izifo Intandane na isifo ezinqabileyo kakhulu. Kananjalo ngokuba "inkedama". Kunjalo, ezi ezimbi ezinqabileyo kukho malunga namawaka asixhenxe. Ngethamsanqa, lo amathuba ukufumana kwenye kubo lincinane kakhulu. Xa siqwalasela bonke abemi Umhlaba, isifo inkedama enqabileyo kwenzeka xa umntu omnye aphume amawaka amabini. Kumazwe ahlukeneyo, iinkcukacha-manani ezimbi sithebeni kuyahlukana nedlela umgangatho wokuphila wabantu, iimpawu zayo yemfuza, njalo njalo .. Umzekelo, kwakudala zitshone eYurophu liqhenqa ubhubhane ehlotyeni, kodwa India ipesenti izigulane iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo kwamanye amazwe.

Ekubeni abantu ngokorhwebo engeluncedo lwanto ukutyala imali zokugonya kunye amayeza ngenxa uphendlo kwezifo ezinqabileyo, uRhulumente States ivuselela le nkqubo kwinqanaba likarhulumente kulo. Ukongezelela, abantu bathwaxwa ezimbi neenkedama, kufuneka inkxaso kunye nezibonelelo. Sigqibo ngezifo neenkedama, eyamkelwe ngurhulumente Russian Aprili 26, 2012, kujongwe ukuba nokumisela yonke imicimbi enxulumene ekuboneleleni unyango kunye nezinye uncedo kubantu abanjalo.

Imvelaphi kwezifo uyintandane

Ezininzi izifo inkedama zibangelwa yemfuza iziphene kunye oluntu. Ukuba inokufumaneka ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa komntwana okanye ebuntwaneni. Kodwa ke uninzi zesifo zibonakala kuphela xesha, xa umntu ekhula.

Phakathi ngezifo isifo enqabileyo inokufumaneka, okubonakala ngenxa yeenkqubo ezosulelayo, samathambo kwaye linetyhefu emzimbeni. inkxaso elungileyo kuphuhliso kwezifo inkedama - anda radiation kunye kweemeko ezingaginyisi zokusingqongileyo, ngokunjalo izifo abanamava ebuntwaneni, inkqubo omzimba aba buthathaka kwaye yofuzo.

Izifo Intandane badla nzima ukunyanga, ngoko Ihamba kakuhle waya eqongeni ezigulo ezondeleyo. Ekubeni ukuyeka iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwezinye iimeko akunakwenzeka, umgangatho yomguli yobomi kuguga, yaye ekugqibeleni ukufa kwenzeka. Umsebenzi ophambili zonke iinkqubo zonyango - ukuba sandise ubomi obuphilwa, ukunciphisa ngokubonakala iimpawu nokuphucula ubuchule yesigulane ukwenza.

izifo yintandane: ngokomyalelo Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Ezi zifo kusiya Russian kukuba oko kwenzeka nge rhoqo ka-10 100 000. Ukuze Diseases sithebeni, epapashwe yi urhulumente Russian ngo-2012, ngokucacileyo uluhlu lwezifo ezinqabileyo. Zingaba 230 amagama: syndrome nephrotic, ethe X-chromosome, Angelman syndrome, ukukhala ikati, Lejeune syndrome, Williams syndrome, etc ...

Kwakhona umthetho karhulumente iqulethe imithetho yokubhalisa abantu abaphethwe zizifo neenkedama, kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela nabo unyango.

Ukuba sikholelwa zeegusha data (Russian Academy of Sciences Medical), eRashiya malunga 300 000 abantu bayahlupheka ukusuka ezimbi wayeyinkedama. ngoogunyaziwe benqila kwi ngeendleko mali lengingqi mali izifo neenkedama kunye nonyango lwabo.

inkqubo ebalulekileyo, nto leyo evumela ixesha ukuchonga usana yenye zizifo ezihlanu ilifa ezinqabileyo, oluqhutywa zonke izibhedlele emva kokuzalwa kosana for free. ibizwa ngokuba "zokuhlola lweentsana".

24 isifo kusiya kakhulu ezisongela ubomi babantu

Kwakhona waqulunqa uluhlu esemthethweni zizifo ezinqabileyo, nto leyo edla ezikhokelela ekufeni okanye ukukhubazeka lezigulana kummandla Russia.

Umgca lokuqala izifo inkedama njengoko hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Hus na uhlobo ezinobungozi, kukhokelela insufficiency kwezintso emzimbeni.

Kwakhona kuluhlu ziquka isifo Marchiafava-Micheli ezinxulumene nokutshatyalaliswa iiseli ezibomvu, igazi aplastic, elingachazwanga, ukugula-Prauera Stewart kunye Evans syndrome. Evans syndrome - a ambaxa igazi samathambo hemolytic yaye into efana thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela.

Enye imiba yoluhlu - isisifo, "isiraphu maple": isifo yemfuza kudale nokumfixana umchamo kwezinto ezithile, ebangela ukuba inuka imithi maple.

Ukutyeshelwa okunamafutha acid ukutya, homocystinuria, glyutarikatsiduriya, galactosemia - zonke ezi zifo kwakhona zifakwe kuluhlu kunye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Esi sifo wachazwa okokuqala ngo-1955 Kungekudala sifo Gasser wayengena uluhlu kwezifo inkedama enqabileyo kwihlabathi.

Esi sifo ixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni kunokuba abadala. Yena kudale igazi hemolytic kunye ukusilela kwezintso. Kubonakala kwisiqalo of urhudo kunye eliphezulu usulelo zokuphefumla phecana.

Waphawula ubudlelwane phakathi kophuhliso kwesifo kunye nokusetyenziswa zokucwangcisa zomlomo, iziyobisi, kwaye ubukho okanye nomonde AIDS systemic lupus zomzimba.

Esi sifo kuba ilifa wegqitha ukusuka abazali ukuba abantwana dominatnomu okanye isici sofuzo.

Ezifuniweyo hemolytic uremic syndrome kubangelwa ubuthi neebhaktiriya kunokonakalisa iiseli endothelial. Inani kakhulu leemeko (phantse 70%) kubangelwa yi usuleleko E. coli O157: H7. Kuyenzeka ukuba onakaliswe iikati, yaye emva kokutya inyama leyo ndingazanga ndibonakale unyango ubushushu obaneleyo amanzi ekrwada kunye nobisi unpasteurized.

abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo - esi sifo iqhelekileyo Russia Orff

Kuzo zonke izifo inkedama abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo eRashiya lwenzeka amaninzi. Esi sifo ithathwa ngokuba sofuzo kwaye kubonakala umntwana ukususela kwimihla yokuqala yobomi.

Unobangela of utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo emzimbeni - kuguquka ngayo isakhi ekhokelela ekunyukeni beqokelela yencindi viscous kwiindawo ezininzi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo: Escherichia yemiphunga, broncho-pulmonary kunye emathunjini.

Ngenxa ekubulaleni bronchi kunye nemiphunga kunye ngeenxa iminyaka emibini umntwana iqala ukuze sindintlithe ukukhohlela, kunye phlegm zamafu. Xa kunjalo, xa inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo ajoyine igciwane iphuhlise bronchitis nezolo okanye inyumoniya.

uhlobo isisu ekhatshwa umsebenzi kuyehla enzymatic esiswini, ebangela ukutya undigested emathunjini iqala ukubola. Oku kukhokelela ukunxila, isitulo disorder, ukugabha kunye t. D.

izifo Treatment kusiya ngohlobo etsolo oluqhutywa esibhedlele. Eyona njongo iphambili unyango kwi abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo - ngobungxamo kwangethuba yencindi emzimbeni ( «N-acetylcysteine"), ukwandisa umsebenzi enzymatic esiswini nepancreas ( "Pancreatin", "emisitho yethu").

candidiasis Chronic mucosal

izifo kusiya ezifana candidiasis ezondeleyo mucosal, ezinxulumene nomsebenzi leukocyte kakuhle. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni ancedisana cutaneous kwaye mucosal umzimba ube lula ixhoba fungi ze sodidi Candida. Isifo okubangelwa yemfuza yabantu ilifa.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezi uphawu candidiasis ezinganyangekiyo uxakaxa?

1. Okokuqala, lo eluswini, iinzipho kunye mucosal inyama abachatshazelwa yi ngulo mngundo.
2. Okwesibini, umntu usoloko uziva ukukhathala silale. It inesifo wegazi.
3. Okwesithathu, xa sifo kunciphise amaqondo eswekile kunye yombono kuvela.
4. Okwesine, mhlawumbi ilahleko iinwele kunye ukubonakala hyperpigmentation kwesikhumba.

candidiasis Chronic mucosal kuphakamisa uphuhliso esingapheliyo yesifo semiphunga, kunye hepatitis. Ebantwaneni, esi sifo ebangela ukudodobala ukukhula kunye nophuhliso.

Uxilongo kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa kuphando lwemfuzo.

Eyona ndlela iphambili yonyango - ufumana arhente nokubola ( "Nystatin" "clotrimazole" njl ...).

zygomycosis

Uluhlu kwezifo inkedama enqabileyo kuhlanganisa zygomycosis.

Esi sifo uqala ukuphuhlisa emva kokuba usulelo fungi dimorphic. Bangena umzimba inhalation okanye isikhumba eyaphukileyo. fungi Dimorphic bahlala kwiindawo nokufuma eziphakamileyo - kumhlaba, uhageleyo izityalo. Kwezinye iimeko, zivela iziqhamo mildewed, itshizi kunye nesonka.

Zygomycosis ugula ayikhankanyi kunye nezifo esempilweni. Kukho iimeko ezimbalwa kakhulu apho umntu esempilweni wosulelwe kunye nomngundo emva angena amanxeba kunye impovane.

Ngokomthetho zygomycosis kuchaphazela abantu abanamajoni omzimba buthathaka kakhulu:

• seswekile;
• abaphethwe lactic elide;
• amalungu ukufakelwa;
• sele ekunyango glucocorticoid;
• abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo.

Zygomycosis ngcembe kukhokelela necrosis izicwili kunye imithambo yegazi, ukuba ezo obude. Ngoko ke, unyango lunamandla kwaye amayeza kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ezi Ukusikwa yethishyu kunye nokusetyenziswa amphotericin B ngeedosi eziphezulu.

Lynch syndrome

izifo Intandane ukuba Uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo ngamagama amatsha kunyaka ngamnye, kuquka Lynch syndrome - umhlaza colon ukuba ilifa. Kulo mzekelo, umhlaza iphuhlisa ngenxa yokuba ezenzeka kwiDNA kunye ngezifo zofuzo eziliqela. Kungenxa yoko le nto asisiso kudidi umhlaza oluqhelekileyo.

Esi sifo, ngelishwa, kuxhaphakile: eYurophu efunyanwa kulo umntu omnye aphume amawaka amabini. Faka ehlolwa onjalo kwiimeko apho kungekho izalamane ngaphantsi kwe ezintathu isigulane (umyalelo wokuqala) ukuba unesifo somhlaza colon eneminyaka engama-50.

Abathwali sofuzo njengesi abakwazi kubuphepha nje kuphela zomhlaza isisu, kodwa nomhlaza colorectal, umhlaza le endometrium, maqanda, isisu, ingqondo, njalo-njalo. D.

Esi sifo unesifo ngokwemimiselo Amsterdam II.

thymoma

Uluhlu kwezifo inkedama ezinqabileyo ziquka thymoma. Phantsi eli gama kufihla zonke iintlobo yamathumba thymic. Baya kudla ingozi, kodwa inkcazelo enjalo lunemiqathango kakhulu. Ngaphandle konyango olufanelekileyo, ezi nangezilonda nga iyakhula, yaye emva kokuba ukususwa - ziphinde zenzeke.

Ngethuba thymoma phantse uzenza ngayo. Xa ufikelela ubungakanani ethile, iimpawu ucinezelo amalungu ezikufuphi, kukho ekweneni imithambo entanyeni, kwakunye nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo kunye nentliziyo iyangongoza. Abantwana thymoma nga ukugqabhuza kakhulu esifubeni.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu kungenzeka:

• sivakale sidumbile yobuso;
• exacerbation kwezifo zemigudu;
• Intlungu ibonakala ukuya kwindawo emagxeni, entanyeni phakathi ngamaphiko emagxeni.

Thymoma une ngokusebenzisa iimviwo zeradiyoloji, Itomography ngekhompyutha.

The main unyango - operative. Ukususwa nethumba kuyimfuneko, kungenjalo kuya kukhula, kunye nempilo yesigulane ukuba maxongo.

Sarcoma kwethambo kunye articular intlala kwamalungu

Sarcoma (ingozi ithumba okanye) ithambo kunye articular intlala - esi sifo wayeyinkedama. Uluhlu ezimbi enqabileyo kuquka nee-, ekubeni nomhlaza eqhelekileyo.

umhlaza Classic akhiwa iiseli epithelial, kunye nee- kule nkalo ayiphelelanga - oko kuchaphazela ithambo (osteosarcoma), intlala (chondrosarcoma), izihlunu (miosarkoma), amafutha (liposarcoma), iindonga igazi nkovu nempahla. Amanye amalungu nee- iyafana umhlaza njengesiqhelo, ngaphandle ukuba ukhula ngesantya okukhawulezileyo.

Oyena nobangela kwesi sifo sele okwangoku isekiwe. Ibangela zinto ziquka abaphandi ithumba:

• Ukwazi carcinogens;
• impembelelo yeekhemikhali eziyingozi;
• radiation;
• isifo virus;
• ukulimala.

Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kwe sifo phantse akunakwenzeka. Sarcoma ngokwayo phantse alubonisi, ngaphandle ukuba intlungu buthuntu kwisiza ithumba. Chemotherapy, utyando, unyango radiation - iindlela eziphambili ukunyanga esi sifo.

retinoblastoma

izifo Intandane apho uluhlu 230 iquka amagama RF ziquka kunye retinoblastoma. Esi sifo unxulunyaniswa inkangeleko ithumba kwi retina. Kuyinto genetic: ebangelwa kuguquka ye-RB sofuzo.

Retinoblastoma uqala ukuphuhlisa ebuntwaneni yaye kokuba ukuya kwiminyaka emibini. Isifo ingqalelo njenge nursery, ekubeni inani kakhulu lamatyala abafunyenwe kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala yobomi.

Iimpawu eziphambili zale sifo zibandakanya umlilo nemvelo lo umfundi, iintlungu ocular kunye nelahleko ngesiquphe umbono. Kodwa ke umntwana ukuchonga ezi mpawu phantse nzima.

Kuba uphethwe efunekayo MRI, ultrasound, CT.

Kuba unyango isicelo iindlela 'endala, kodwa ke abiza imali eninzi; ngokuba ikhosi yeeveki ezintlanu-unyango radiation kule klinikhi zikwathatha zii-10 ukuya ku-12 amawaka (malunga ne-100 lamawaka engange). Cryotherapy isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwakunye photocoagulation. Inzuzo ephambili yale nkqubo kukuba ukuvumela ukuba ugcine umbono nomonde.

isifo Hodgkin kaThixo

Enye izifo ezifanayo inkedama - a lymphoma (isifo Hodgkin i-). Izifo ichaphazela kuphela amalungu equlethe inyama lymphoid. Ngoko ke, uphawu eyona uphawu nto - nto iindawo nkovu idumbile. Ubukhulu becala iinkqubo yezifo kuchaphazela nemingxuma esiswini kunye thoracic. Ngenxa yoko, isigulana lusiva intlungu kwi isifuba, iphika iimvavanyo umoya, waba ikhathazekile ukukhohlela kunye nelahleko namdla. Kwiimeko kakhulu, iindawo ezandisiweyo nkovu bayakwazi ukuba noxinzelelo esiswini, kwaye nokuba uyele nezintso.

Fever, ukubila, kwa kunye noluvo a Ukugodola rhoqo kuhamba uphuhliso sifo Hodgkin kaThixo.

Izizathu engabangela iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwi izihlunu lymphoid, oosonzululwazi baye bafumana. Kukho amacebiso ukuba uphuhliso esi sifo uqala intsholongwane Epstein-Barr okanye iziphene omzimba.

Unyango lwesifo Hodgkin bukaThixo inxaxheba Oncology kunye Haematology. Isigulane ivavanywa Inkqubo ultrasound kunye biopsy, CT okanye MRI.

Ukuba qhubana kunye nonyango lwesifo, ukufa kwenzeka kwisithuba seminyaka eli-10. Iindlela eziphambili unyango - ufumana amachiza anticancer kunye nonyango kwemitha.

Ngoko ke, kukho izifo ezininzi ezinqabileyo. Ezinye zazo zifumaneka abantu ngokupheleleyo onke amazwe, kwaye abanye - kuphela kwiingingqi ezithile emhlabeni. unyango kunye nenkxaso-mali ukuze izigulane abaphethwe zizifo ezinqabileyo, yinxalenye yenkqubo zentlalo onke amazwe zaphuhliswa.