IVF: ulwazi kubalulekile kubazali

Science lifikile indlela elide kwiphulo layo amanene ukunceda abo abanengxaki okuzala. ekukhulelweni kwi indlela vitro, iqheleke kakhulu eyaziwa ngokuba IVF, yaphuhliswa yee-imi- 70 lwekhulu XX. Noko ke, imigudu aziphumelelanga kunye ephanda yenziwe kulo mhlaba iminyaka engamashumi amaninzi. Sokuqala ukuzalwa komntwana ezalwe vitro, kwenzeka eNgilane ngo-1978. Ukususela ngoko, ngoncedo neqanda, ukuba ubakhanyisele minyaka yonke kukho amashumi amawaka abantwana.

Nangona manani ziyathembisa, asingabo bonke inkqubo abafazi IVF ezinokufaniswa a cakewalk. Endleleni eya isibini ekujoliswe kulo bambiza kwi in vitro kwesisu, kufuneka boyise imiqobo emininzi. Iingcali zilumkisa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba izandla nomonde bangaze kwehlisa. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ukwazi ukuba ucinga ngayo inkqubo vitro njenge ithuba lokwenene ngokukhulelwa.

wenza njani somyeni wakhe?

Thetha abafazi abaye sebelele kule nkqubo kwaye uya kufumana ncomo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Umntu uza kukuxelela ukuba ngummangaliso, ngoxa abanye zilumkisa ukuba iyeza ayiniki eqinisekile. Kwaye phambi kokuba enze izigqibo zabo, ufanele wazi ukuba isebenza njani. Iingcali in vitro emva zonke iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo yamalungiselelo kunye uhlalutyo uqala amaqanda ucingo ukusuka amaqanda lebhinqa. Le nto mfuza kamva ukuba eye yobudoda yomntu ngaphandle emzimbeni wakhe. Kukho iindlela ezimbini isichumiso. In abancedisi yokuqala nganye iqanda obekwe amadlozi, lwalo lesibini umlinganiswa point kwaye eziveliswa ngenaliti sperm intracytoplasmic. Ukuba ekukhulelweni kuphumelela, imibungu afunyenwe ngenxa yoko, bephantsi kweliso zonyango. Le nto zikhuliswa elebhu ukuba imida ethile. Kuvavanyo lwe umgangatho iimbumba ikhutshwa phandle ngeli xesha. Kwaye nje ukuba idluliselwa isibeleko komamkeli.

Ukuze ubone le nkqubo?

Kukho eziliqela izizathu ezithile ezitshatileyo okanye amabhinqa angatshatanga mfuneko le nkqubo. Ngokutsho manani, eUnited States kuphela, omnye kwabasibhozo pair zaseMerika unee ngxaki ukungachumi. IVF Kucetyiswa ezibini, apho elinye iqabane uphethwe ukungalingani hormone, ukuba phantsi amadoda yenzala kwabasetyhini bebonakalise isixa elisezantsi ova kwi amaqanda okanye tubes. Le ndlela siboniswa ubudlolo oyindoda okanye ngenxa ezinye iingxaki ekuzaleni ebangela ubunzima ekhulelwe. Ukongeza, kukho iqela labantu abafuna amaqanda zabaxhasi. Umzekelo, kusenokuba abantu abaye unenzondelelo unyango lomhlaza, okanye umntu ogula lupus. Kwaye, kakade, ukhawule kwityhubhu uvavanyo kunye iinkonzo neqanda donor iqanda izibini abo kumtshato besini esifanayo.

isigaba kulungiselelwa

Ngokutsho Sueldo Carolina, oyingcali ngezenzala kunye iinkunzi Miami, ikhosi epheleleyo yonyango IVF ingathatha iinyanga ezimbini. Le isikali zisenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke nokunyamezela kwamachiza ezahlukeneyo. Phambi kokuba imibungu podsazheny kuwe esibelekweni, kufuneka ukuya kwizigaba ezininzi kulungiselelwa le nkqubo. Inyathelo lokuqala kufuna kwezithandani komjikelo zendalo sexesheni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ulindele inaliti hormone ngemihla. ulawulo hormone ngokuqhelekileyo ithatha iiveki ezimbalwa. Inyathelo elilandelayo zovuselelo ovarian. Kuba omnye umjikelo zendalo kwabasetyhini aveze amaqanda ngaphezulu kwe ezimbini (ngokuqhelekileyo enye). Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezintle IVF le nto ayiyi kuba ngokwaneleyo.

Ingqondo sokwanda amaqanda

Ingqondo kwakhona ibonelela ukuqaliswa ngamalungiselelo hormone, umz follikostimuliruyuschego yebhinqa hormone. Le nkqubo ilawulwa ngononophelo ngoogqirha ukuqinisekisa ukukhula eyiyo oocytes. Kwaye zakuba izibonelelo zivuthiwe, oko uzakususwa zamaqanda. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iiyure 34-36 emva kokuba kutyalwe chorionic gonadotropin kwabantu. nangoko Iingcali emva egg retrieval buchumisa kubo, aze avelise ulawulo lomgangatho rhoqo. Xa intle ezisemkhenkceni mazikhethwe, bahlala phantsi esizalweni mfazi. Ngokutsho oogqirha, le yinkqubo elula engadingi zomzimba. Imibungu ibekwa catheter okuthambileyo idluliselwa wesibeleko nge wesibeleko.

Nokulunga IVF

Mhlawumbi zonke ezi zazo obenziwa amagqirha umzimba lomfazi, ndikwenze ube ucinga malunga ukusebenza eliphezulu le ndlela. Noko ke, IVF akadinwa isiqinisekiso. Kutheni le nto isenzeka? Ngelishwa, akukho lwazi lungako nokwakheka zomzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha umzimba nemazi abangenazigqibo kangaka (ingakumbi xa kuziwa ubukho kuwo yequmrhu ngaphandle) kufuneka afakwe ngqo kwiinkqubo ukubala phakathi amanyathelo. Izinga lempumelelo yesizwe imalunga-30 ekhulwini. Noko ke, abaninzi babeyihlonela kwizibhedlele phambi abanezakhono kakhulu iingcali amathuba zihambe kakuhle, njengokuba umthetho, kabini.

Nge ubudala, amathuba ngaphantsi empumelelo

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, izalathi si zokunikwa kokugqitywa ngempumelelo in vitro unyango kwezichumiso linyuke kakhulu. Noko ke, oogqirha kusafuneka ukuba bajongene nemiqobo, leyo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo yobudala eli bhinqa. Ngokusekelwe kuqikelelo lokuqala, kuba oku kunye nezinye izizathu, iingcali ziguqulela isigwebo ukuba ngaba unyango kufuneka uqhubeke okanye hayi.

Koda kube nini na iinkqubo?

Impumelelo IVF kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ngoko ke soze ufumane iinkcukacha-manani kuya kufuneka ukuba zingaphi iindlela umntu othile. Abanye abantu bachitha ezimbalwa iinzame aziphumelelanga, kodwa ezinye isebenze ukuze kwixesha lokuqala. Kukho manani lukhuni kwi iinkqubo esele zigqityiwe, leyo udlubu ikunika up ndizama ukufumana ukhulelwe abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-40. Ngokutsho data efunyenweyo ngo-2014, i-avareji yenani imijikelo neziphumo lokukhulelwa, kwatshintsha ngokuxhomekeke ubudala nonina.

Abafazi ngaphantsi 35 leminyaka ubudala waba IVF ngempumelelo ngo-42.6 ekhulwini amatyala. abafazi oneminyaka engama-44 ubudala Babenethuba encinane kakhulu sempumelelo - 2.7 ekhulwini kuphela ubunzima zizonke ukubenza. Yiyo loo nto loo ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukulumkisa iiklayenti zazo ukuba balindele 100 ngendlela ekhulwini. Ukuba ufika ulwamkelo, uya kwaziswa ukuba IVF - indlela kwetyala eyadlulayo. Iingcali abakwazi awazanga kwangaphambili ukuba umzimba wakho uya kusabela ekuqalisweni isiyobisi. Kuphela xa uqala unyango, ungenza uthabathe uqikelelo kuqala.

ubungozi

Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo zonyango, IVF igcwele iingozi ezininzi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye iingxaki. Kuqala kwinto zonke, iingxaki zinokwenzeka xa kususwa amaqanda zamaqanda. Emva imibungu podsazhivaniya pregnancy kunokwenzeka, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome kunye nabasebenzi kwexesha. Enye ingxaki iqhelekileyo kwabasetyhini abakhulelwe izisu. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iimbumba entsha, ukuze umzimba wayeqinisekile ukuba baye iingcambu esibelekweni ngendlela yemvelo. Ngokutsho manani, amaza kwesisu iphezulu kakhulu kwimeko amadlozi, iimbumba emkhenkceni zisetyenziswa.

Kakade ke, kukho ingozi enkulu kwesisu ubudala lomfazi. Ukuba sithethe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa iziyobisi, ngoko kukho "ngenxa yokhuphiswano" ukulungiselela ihomoni "Clomid", nto leyo ebangela abasabela zimaxongo.

Amalungiselelo ngokusekelwe dlala kwakhona kudala uxinzelelo yomzimba. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngaba izinto ezithile malunga nayiphi na inxalenye unyango, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngawo.