Isitofu sokugonya "tetrakis": imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa, ukubunjwa, Izimo

Ugonyo - indlela ethembekileyo kuphela ukukhusela usana lwakho zizigulo ezinzulu. Kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe umntwana ufumana inani eliphezulu kuqhume. "Tetrakis" inokusetyenziselwa zokubumba amazwe Isitofu sokugonya okukwazi ethile nxamnye nominxano, pertussis, ukubola komqala kunye nepoliyo. Ichiza unezinga eliphezulu lokuhlanjululwa kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukugonya abantwana kweminyaka emithathu.

inkcazelo lwamachiza

Xa abantwana, ezinye izifo kwenzeka nzima ngakumbi. Ukunqanda kwebandla ukukhusela usana lwakho nemiphumela emibi, iingcali bacebisa ugonyo lwesiqhelo. Okwangoku, le nkqubo kucingwa ukuba yamkelwe. Nangona kunjalo, kunye kokufika usana olusanda kuzalwa entsatsheni abazali ngakumbi nangakumbi ucinge ngemfuneko yokumilisela. Ukufunda imithombo eyahlukeneyo yolwazi, ungenza bayakhubeka yakuphikisana nezimvo zakhe.

"Tetrakis" ugonyo kakuhle kakhulu apho, ngokutsho uqeqesho, uyakwazi ukumelana nezifo emzimbeni ezi ezimbi ezosulelayo ezifana pertussis, isifo somqala omhlophe, tetanus kunye nepoliyo (iintlobo-3). Ikhupha iziyobisi inkampani French "Sanofi Pasteur", nje enkulu ehlabathini ekuveliseni zokugonya abantu.

lokugonya

Ichiza ifumaneka njenge ukunqunyanyiswa, elungiselelwe ulawulo intramuscular. Enye ugonyo yedosi (0.5 ml) elondolozwe ku nesirinji nomthamo. Le fom ukukhululwa beziyobisi Kulula kakhulu ukuba usebenzisa kwaye ishenxisa amathuba libanda.

isixhobo Ludityanisiwe iqulathe amacandelo alandelayo kumafa yayo;

• ngqi toxoid - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-40 IU;
• acellular pertussis toxoid - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-25 IU;
• ukubola komqala toxoid - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-30 IU;
• hemagglutinin filamentous - 25 micrograms;
• uhlobo lokuqala ntsholongwane yepoliyo - 40 D;
• Uhlobo lwesibini ipoliyo virus - 8 D;
• uhlobo lwesithathu ntsholongwane yepoliyo - 32 D.

Indima components abangabancedani kusetyenziswa izinto ezifana Hanks medium, amanzi inaliti, acetic acid (okanye sodium hayidroksayidi), formaldehyde, aluminiyam hayidroksayidi, phenoxyethanol.

indlela isenzo

Ukuchumisa kukuba ukuveliswa antibodies arhente causative of pertussis, isifo somqala omhlophe, tetanus kunye nepoliyo. Amalungiselelo iqulethe kuphela ezisegazini acellular (acellular) of ukubola komqala kunye nominxano toxoid, ntsholongwane yepoliyo inactivated, kunye neendidi ezintathu weseli eludongeni amacandelo pertussis gciwane.

"Tetrakis" kunceda ukwenza omzimba ukuba uhlaselo-arhente yayintsholongwane eyosulela kwixesha elifutshane. Kuyanconywa ukuba ayayigqiba ikhosi epheleleyo ye zisigonyelwe. Kulo nyaka wesibini, "tetrakis" iintsana ubomi kufuneka kufumana amathamo 3 lokugonya.

Gonya abantwana ukuba iziyobisi French ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-3. Isitofu nokufuya kwakhona ugonyo kunyaka wesibini ebomini. Ingasetyenziswa ukuqhubeka olu gonyo emva ukusetyenziswa namanye amachiza ukuba yokuba babangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

ukuba agonye nini?

Ugonyo unkonkonko, ukubola komqala nominxano kuqhutywa ngokungqinelana scheme eqhelekileyo. Zonke analogue lwasekhaya zesitofu (Dube) ezi zifo zisetyenziswe ngendlela efanayo. Yokumilisela 'tetrakis "wazisa komntwana izihlandlo ezithathu kunyaka wokuqala wobomi, ukusukela kwiinyanga ezi-3.

Isithuba phakathi amathamo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-45. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa ugonyo lamabanga aphantsi kuthwalelwa phandle xa umntwana iinyanga ezintathu, ithamo yesibini angafakwa kuphela iinyanga 4.5, kwaye eyesithathu - seenyanga ezintandathu. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha-engokuthintelwa ungakhetha inkqubo eyahlukileyo yokumilisela. Le revaccination wokuqala kunyaka omnye emva kokuba inaliti yokugqibela.

Ingaba Kufuneka agonywe ukuya ngonyaka?

Kwiinyanga ezili-12 zokuqala yobomi usana abonakalise ukuba angawenza ugonyo ezimbalwa nxamnye izifo ezinobungozi. Ithamo yokuqala sohlobo B sokugonya umntwana ufumana ngemini yokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Noko ke, kutshanje, ukusilela eziqhelekileyo ngakumbi kwabazali ukugonya abantwana ngaphambili. Izizathu zoku akho-.

Oogqirha abaninzi bazive abanoxanduva kubomi babantwana, kucetyiswa ukuba ayeke nogonyo kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe. umzimba ethe-ethe umntwana, unangoku anikabi nako ukuhlangabezana ngamagciwane ezininzi kangaka, de ube buthathaka.

Ukwenza isigqibo basenza ugonyo de unyaka lo mntwana, kufuneka ukusondela ngenyameko ukhetho beziyobisi. Abazali abaninzi bayala ezamahala domestic ngamachiza ukuba iyafumaneka kwiiklinikhi zabantwana, uze ukhetha ukuthenga eliphezulu-ezisemgangathweni iimveliso kwamanye amazwe. Ukufakela ugonyo ne Dube nje lokugonya French "tetrakis" liye Ukongezelela waqamba le ntsholongwane yepoliyo inactivated.

Indlela ukulungiselela umntwana wakho?

Phambi ugonyo kufuneka uqaphele umntwana. Xa Mzoli, imnyama, isikhumba njengamaqhakuva ukusuka naxa ku kufuneka zilahlwe. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa phambi nogonyo kufuneka kudlule ngokupheleleyo segazi, umchamo. izifundo zeLebhu ziyafuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe akukho iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo efihlakeleyo emzimbeni kwaye uphephe ezinye iingxaki kuxhokonxwa sokugonya.

Ngaba Ndidinga luvo thethwano?

Multi-candelo amachiza ibisoloko ukoyikisa abazali. Akukho ngaphandle kunye neziyobisi "tetrakis", equlethe kwayo toxoid ukubunjwa pertussis. Oku eli candelo kubangela Ukusabela okunge- umzimba ukuya luvo. Ukuze siphephe iingxaki, kucetyiswa ukuba udibane nogqirha. Yena uya kuhlola imeko wosana kwi ingqondo kunye nobukho ezinxaxhileyo ezifana kusesilevini igubha, yombono.

Kwezinye iimeko, umntwana emiselweyo neyronosografiyu ultrasound ebuchotsheni. Uxilongo ephelisa koxinzelelo oluphezulu intracranial kunye nezinye izifo luvo. Ngokuba abantwana ezithandwa isenzeko uhlaselwe ngokwandisa lobushushu ukuya 38-39 ° C, immunologists sincoma elawulwa lokugonya oswele pertussis toxoid.

Xa awungeke agonywe?

ichiza ngamnye ukugonya abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, uye Izimo yayo. Ugonyo edityanisiweyo lithetha "tetrakis" singàphunyezwa phantsi zokwahluka zilandelayo:

• indlela odlulileyo umzimba lokugonya;
• hypersensitivity ukuba izakhi a kulungiselelwa;
• Encephalopathy;
• limala zooyise;
• somoya;
• zesifo;
• umntwana impawu SARS zikhona.

Kwimeko yokugqibela, uyalibazisa ugonyo ngexesha. Qaphela ukuba "tetrakis" ezindlini sokugonya Dube, uthathwa ukuba womelele ngokwaneleyo kwaye baxabane ezahlukeneyo yamajoni omzimba. Ngelo xesha, "tetrakis" sogonyo a nyulu, leyo kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko iingxaki. Nokusebenzisa kakuhle sokugonya abantwana thrombocytopenia.

Indlela yokwenza olu gonyo?

ugonyo umntwana kufuneka athathe indawo kwigumbi ugonyo i ngabasebenzi zonyango oqeqeshiwe. Phambi ngenaliti, umongikazi kufuneka kulinyikimisa isirinji kunye medicament ukwenza ukunqunyanyiswa emhlophe yohlobo olunye. Zifakwa intramuscularly kuphela.

Iintsana ukuya kwiminyaka emibini eboniswe ichiza elawulwa kwi esihlunwini osecaleni (anterolateral) ethangeni sobuKristu. abantwana abadala zigonywe "tetrakis" ukwenza igxalaba kwezihlunu.

Phambi kokuba kuqaliswe ichiza kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba inaliti akuthethi ibetheke isitya igazi. emthanjeni ezingavumelekanga kunye nolawulo ongama-mali.

Intsebenziswano kunye namanye amachiza

Umenzi ubanga ukuba isitofu "tetrakis" zingasetyenziswa ngaxeshanye kunye namanye amayeza. Le ngaphandle kuphela unyango immunosuppressive. Iyeza na kwenziwa kunye ugonyo lwemasisi, rubella kunye mumps kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. ukunyamezeleka kakuhle abantwana ukulungiselela yogonyo ngaxeshanye "Act-Hib" yaye lithetha "tetrakis".

imiphumela emibi

Kakhulu kweziyobisi azifane ibanga iziphumo ezibi zomzimba, ngokungafaniyo analogu yasekhaya - sokugonya Dube. Iingxaki ugonyo ngokufuthi wabonakalaliswa njenge kwaqapheleka kancinane ulusu kuyo inaliti. Loo abasabela ngayo ephilayo ifumaneka phantse wonke umntwana. Ngaphantsi zidla ngokuvela uphawu efakwe. Iimpawu Related ngokuqhelekileyo kuphuhliswa kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-48 emva kokuba kulawulo lokugonya.

Kwakhona Ukunyuka lobushushu emzimbeni ukuya 38 ° C. Ukususela loo kwicala elijongene ngabazali ka-10% yabantwana agonywe "tetrakis". Ukuphonononga bathi emva kogonyo ebantwaneni abangenawo ukutya, ukulala maxa wambi kuba navuso, ukuba nochuku ibonakala. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, umntwana kufuneka banikwe iyeza antipyretic.

Zasabela ekugonyweni ephambili ibonakalaliswe ngokohlobo intlungu emlenzeni. Le uphawu sivame ngokupheleleyo emva kweeyure ezingama-24. Ukuba iintlungu uyaqhubeka, kufuneka ufune uncedo evela kugqirha.

Utyekelo umntwana ukuba uyalisa ngayo emva ulawulo ichiza kuyenzeka izigxala, ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba. Ngoko oogqirha bacebisa abantwana iintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuqalisa ugonyo ukunika antihistamines e idosi nobudala babo.

"Pentaxim" okanye "tetrakis '? reviews

Enye French sokugonya umenzi edumileyo, "Sanofi Pasteur" na "Pentaxim". Esi sixhobo Kwakhona oku kwenzelwa kuthintelo isifo somqala omhlophe, tetanus pertussis. Ukongeza, ukuba isitofu sogonyo esiyindibaniselwano ivumela umzimba ukuba nezifo nxamnye Hib kunye neendidi ezintathu kwesibindi. Ngqi toxoid elidityaniswe kuyo licandelo hemophilic kwi isirinji eyahlukileyo.

"Pentaxim" yenye ugonyo ezimbalwa ezivumela ukuba afumane ukhuseleko 5 nangoko eyingozi izifo usana. Ukuba imfuno ukugonya nxamnye Hib engekho, umntwana ungaya "tetrakis" iziyobisi. Iindleko kwemali ngeenxa 300 engange.

Zombini amachiza zuza lukhulu iingcebiso ezakhayo. Abazali abaninzi bathenge la machiza ngogonyo ekhuselekileyo abantwana. Amachiza interchangeable. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba "Pentaxim" candelo iqulethe inactivated lwegciwane ipoliyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuqhubeka ngokusebenzisa amathontsi "live" ugonyo ngakumbi. scheme Ukuchumisa ngamnye umntwana kuphuhlisa engokuthintelwa.