Ishim River e Kazakhstan: inkcazelo, nemingenela

Ngeliphandle, Ishim umlambo ongakuthandiyo ithandwa enkulu, njengabo, yithini, iVolga, Yenisey, Lena kunye nezinye yamanzi emikhulu. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, abantu basekuhlaleni abazange ngqondweni ubomi bakhe ngaphandle kweli phawu ebalulekileyo ngeendawo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kuloba uMlambo Ishim kudala ukususela abe phecelezi ithandwa kakhulu kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abahlala ebumelwaneni.

Eli nqaku ijolise ukwazisa abafundi kule umthambo amanzi lizwe, echaza iimpawu zayo eziphambili. Kwakhona, uya kufunda malunga apho umlambo Ishim aqukuqela njengoko liyachatshazelwa ziinguqu yezulu yamaxesha onyaka kwaye kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, iphumle phezu kweendonga zayo.

Icandelo 1. Ulwazi jikelele

Ishim River, ophuma ngaxeshanye Kazakhstan kunye Russian Federation - i ekhohlo kwaye uviko elide le Irtysh, nto leyo, woba somfula lomlambo OB, ophuma kamva kuLwandle Kara.

ERashiya, lo mfula ibaleke phakathi kwiingingqi Tyumen kunye eOmsk, e Kazakhstan - Akmola kunye nemimandla North Kazakhstan.

Enyanisweni Ishim iye nemingenela abaninzi kangaka elibaleka-ngokupheleleyo. Eyona idumileyo zithathwa Tersakkan River, Koluton, Iman-Burluk River xoxo kunye Akan-Burluk.

Ukongeza, phezu komlambo nje amabini dama, kwaye Sergeevskoe Viacheslavskoye. Bobabini ke kubaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho, okt. E. amanzi lwabo ngokubanzi isetyenziswe unikezelo lwamanzi kuba abantu balapha, kwakunye ukwenzela ukunkcenkceshela kwamabala kunye nezitiya.

Icandelo 2. Yintoni iJografi?

Ishim River iqala ezintabeni Niyaz aphuma ubukhulu becala kwintlambo West emxinwa naphakathi kunxweme ngokwaneleyo enamatye.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Astana umlambo intlambo ephantsi yandisa kakhulu emva kokuba ajike amanzi stream Derzhavinsk ukuya emntla-mpuma, usihla kancinci kwaye zihoyi i-West Siberian Plain, apho abanye ixesha eliqukuqela kwi emathafeni tyaba Ishim ekhanyayo ngomkhukula ebanzi ekuhambeni asezantsi ngqo i nezimbuku.

Hi ndlela leyi, asinguye wonk 'umntu uyazi kude ukuba River Ishim ke iinqanawa ukuba km 270 usuka Petropavlovsk kwaye ukusuka Vikulovo ukuya emlonyeni.

Umandlalo umlambo kakhulu jiko, ububanzi balo kwiindawo ukuya ku m 200. Advantageously ngezantsi uyisanti. Ubude bayo bungama km 2.450. Ngenxa yoko, Ishim ngoyena mde emhlabeni yokufika order yesibini.

Yezandyondyo ubanzi, kukho inani elikhulu amachibi. Kungenxa yoko le nto kuloba Ishim River ithathwa ukuba ube phakathi iingcali ezigqwesileyo.

Icandelo 3. Hydrology Ishim

Ishim - emfuleni likhephu wondla bagqwesa, kungenxa kwikhephu elizifumeneyo ngaphezu kwe-80% abalekayo yonyaka. Entwasahlobo, ngeenxa Aprili 10-12, kukho ukwanda kakhulu isiqulatho emanzini. konogumbe recession kwenzeka malunga phakathi kuJulayi. Summer-ekwindla ixesha ukuwutha kwamanzi ihlala kude kube phakathi ku-Okthobha. Ngenxa yobume Planar lo mmandla ngamanzi, le ezininzi misinga ezivaliweyo, lunomahluko ezincinane ndongeni, ukunyuka amanqanaba amanzi ngenxa yeemvula zasehlotyeni-ekwindla phantse anayenza.

Ukongeza, umthombo emlanjeni Ishim kunye imikhono zayo bondliwa komhlaba kunye namanzi isivuno yezandyondyo. Oku kwanele ukugcina amanzi rhoqo.

ixabiso ixesha elide avareji (ebalwe iminyaka emakhulu) ukuhamba umlambo kunyaka yi 76,0 cu. m / umzuzwana. Owayevunyelwe-up ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwisiqingatha sesibini ngoNovemba sihlala-avareji yeenyanga ezi-5. Le ndawo emvula - 177 amawaka macala M.. km.

4. kwimimandla yonxweme Icandelo Flora

Nasiphi na isixeko kwi Ishim River kungathathwa elihle priori entle. Ukuhamba ngokusebenzisa ndawo idla ivula umfanekiso eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Entlakohlaza elunxwemeni lomlambo akhangeleke ngathi kwikhaphethi nelesmarado yengca ngeentyatyambo eqaqambileyo, yaye ehlotyeni zifana lulwandle iintsiba zesilivere.

Noko ke, ekuyeni ekupheleni kwehlobo, umfanekiso uba kokwa ngakumbi - emathafeni olukhulu, yimimoya eyomileyo utshiswe, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ke zinokuhonjiswa yonke ingqolowa segolide. Kakade ke, uhlobo lo mmandla abantu batshintsha kakhulu, yaye intsimi ngoku kulinywa ithatha inxalenye enkulu engingqi ngaphezu emathafeni okanye relict amahlathi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nompleyini wengingqi kakhulu undersized, Tolstokorov, ngoko ihlathi nje rarefied, ine-inshorensi undergrowth kunye nengca amahlwempu. Kodwa ezimbalwa ehlathini kunye neenduli Ungadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuba ukukhusela izityalo ezivela yimimoya eyomileyo kwehlobo, ngoxa ebusika igalelo beqokelela ikhephu.

Xa esezantsi ye Ishim ngakumbi ngathi umlambo hlathi aqukuqela kancinci kwi elunxwemeni emathafeni ephantsi. Le nwebu entla, incinci ngendlela umhambi kunye intsimi kumkhawulela kakhulu rhoqo kukho ezintle Ashera belostvolnye ezinde, nincokola kungena emahlathini exutyiweyo. Kukho ukhula oluninzi uluhlaza, kwemithi, kwaye kwezinye iindawo kukho bade larch, nemisedare, nemisipres. Emva koko, kwezinye iindawo, imithi aqale athothe kungena imvelaphi, umntu uyakwazi ukubona kumgxobhozo kunye nemisipres enqabileyo olomileyo, birches ezibhityileyo. Ngomhla kweenxweme Ishim River bekusoloko kakhulu amadlelo, abantu balapha ngonyaka ukuvunwa hay apha, baphilise imfuyo, kwaye kumane nohlobo elinomtsalane yalo mmandla.

Icandelo 5. Iimpawu izilwanyana bendawo

Nasiphi na isixeko phezu komlambo Ishim yi ubenomtsalane abahambi nkqu zizityebi zezilo, leyo iquka iintlobo abameli yeklasi emanzini, intlanzi, iintaka, kakade, ezincancisayo.

Loach, gudgeon, uDace, Roach, nguyá, zakhele, bream, burbot, Pike, zakhele kunye spined loach ahlangana emilanjeni ezincinane kunye namachibi oxbow ezininzi apho ukudada ngexesha njengoMnayile Ishim.

Lakes kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngumkhenkce kwiziqephu emazantsi omlambo abanobutyebi zeCARP kunye minnows chibi.

Ngelishwa, intlanzi ezinqabileyo, bazisa incwadi Red akukho zifumaneka kula manzi. Njengoko, ke, kwakunye neentlobo ezisengozini izilwanyana.

Kwiinyanga ukufudumala amaninzi ngokwaneleyo ukwazi ukuhlangabezana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezingenamqolo na. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo amabhabhathane amahle kwaye inemibalabala, iintshulube, amaphela umhlaba, oohlabamanzi, caddisflies, mayflies, ezinamaqokobhe, molluscs, bugs, amabhungane kunye stoneflies. Entwasahlobo kunye ehlotyeni bayacetyiswa abantu basekuhlaleni ukuba balumke kakhulu iholide ngenxa yomsebenzi ekhethekileyo leempawu.

Icandelo 6: Ingaba kulungile ukuba balobe kwi Ishim?

Uninzi bendawo bayakuvuyela ukuba achithe ixesha phezu komlambo Ishim, abazibandakanya zokuloba enethemba nokumothusa catch yakhe.

Kwaye apha ukubamba iintlanzi kuba ezincinane mikhulu, ukuze ngokukhuselekileyo kungenela ekuzingeleni enjalo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba mbelukazi inkulu ubanjwe apha rhoqo.

Apha umntu ngokulula ukubamba zakhele, kwaye kwezinye iindawo kakhulu iphezulu endilisekileyo. Noko ke, abalobi abaninzi bakhalazela ukuba Pike apha Andikubonanga. Ngenxa imiqobo rhoqo, ubutyobo ukwakhiwa kunye nokwakha amadama, le ntlanzi iye lwepaki lokwenyaniso kwi Ishim.