UVija Artmane: ubugcisa kunye neefoto zomdlali weSoviet

U-Vija Artmane, olwazi lwakhe kunye nobuchule luyilo le ngongoma, linye yezona ziqheno ezidumileyo nezithandwayo zaseSoviet naseRashiya. Wabiwa udumo ngokusebenza kwemifanekiso yerpertoire enkulu kakhulu, kodwa kwi-filmography yakhe kukho iindima zexesha lakhe lamanje, ama-heroines, indlela awayeyisebenzisayo ngayo kunye nemifanekiso yemifanekiso.

Kwiminyaka yokuqala

Ukubulawa kwama heroines ecocekileyo, anamandla, anqwenela ngamandla kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ngokukhawuleza, i-lyrical yaziwa ngoVija Artmane. I-biographie yomdlali we-actress ibonisa indlela obunzima ngayo nobunzima ubomi bakhe, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo libonisa ubuncwane behlabathi lakhe langaphakathi kunye namandla omoya wakhe-iimpawu ezamnceda ukuba anqobe ubunzima beengxaki kunye nobomi. Inkwenkwezi edumileyo yeklasi yeSoviet yazalwa ngo-1929 eLatvia, eTukums. Unina wayengumPolish, yaye uyise wayevela kumaJamani aseBaltic. Wafa ngenxa yengozi ngaphambi kokuba intombi yakhe izalwe.

U-Alida (lolo lizwi loqobo lomdlali wekamva) wakhula kwiimeko ezinzima. Unina okwesihlandlo sesibini aphumelelanga, kodwa umtshato wawusesikhatshane, intsapho yaqhekeka. Umfazi osemncinci wanyanzelwa ukuba enze ubomi obunzima, kwaye intombazana yayisebenza ixesha elithile njengenkwenkwana. Umama wayefuna ukuba afumane umsebenzi obalulekileyo, abe ngummeli. U-Vija Artmane, owakhe u-biography wachaphazeleka ukuba unxulumene ne-Latvia yaseshashalazini, wacinga nangomsebenzi wegqwetha, kodwa ubunzima bakhe bokudala babethandwa kakhulu yi-cinema kunye nesigaba, ngoko waya eRiga, apho ngo-1946 wangena esikolweni sezemidlalo.

Iminyaka yokufunda

Le ntombazana yayifundwa kwiqela eliqhotyoshelwe kwi-Art Theatre. J. Rainis. Kukho apha ukuba watshintsha igama lakhe kwaye empeleni waqalisa ubomi obutsha. Inendima enkulu kule minyaka yoqeqesho (ukususela ngo-1946 ukuya ku-1949) ukuvela kwakhe njengomdlali weqonga wadlala yintloko kunye nomsunguli weqela elidumile uEl Smggis. Ngokwezikhumbuzo zomdlali we-actress, wafundisa abafundi bakhe ukuba bacinge ngokuzimeleyo kunye nokuzibandakanya ngokwabo kwinqanaba. Ezi zifundo zazaliswa ngokupheleleyo nguVyna Artmane kwimisebenzi yakhe yokuqala. I-biografi yomfundi oselula kunye neetalente ukususela ngoku kwiminyaka engama-50 iye yadibana nalo mdlalo.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

Okokuqala kwaye, mhlawumbi, iindima ezibalulekileyo ayezidlala phantsi kolawulo lukaSmilgis. Le ntombazana eye yazibonakalisa ngokuqinisekileyo njengomdlali obalaseleyo wendima ye-classic repertoire. Ngoko, umzekelo, wadlala indima yeJuliet kunye no-Queen Elizabeth waseNgilani. Nakhu ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba indima yobukhosi inikwe yona ngokukhethekileyo, kwaye kwakungekho ngaphandle kwesizathu sokuba wayebizwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokuthi ukumkanikazi weSoviet screen. U-Vija Artmane, obomi bakhe babunzima kakhulu, ngokungafani nomsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa, ngaphezu kweendima ze-classical repertoire, wayefuna ukudlala abafazi banamhlanje. Ukuba nesityebi kunye neziphiwo zobuchule, wayefuna ukufaka imifanekiso yamaqhawe ngexesha lakhe, kwaye le thuba lalinikezwa yi-cinema.

Impumelelo

Umdlali omncinane wenza umdlalo wakhe kumabhayisikobho ngo-1956 kwifilimu Emva Kwesithwathwa. Nangona kunjalo, le nxaxheba ayizange imenzele ukuthandwa kakhulu: ukungabikho kwesikripthi, kunye nokungazilungeleli kwentombazana yekhamera kunye nesethi, echaphazelekayo. Nangona kunjalo, waqaphela, kwaye inxaxheba elandelayo sele isele ibe yinto ephawulekayo kwifilimu yakhe. Umzobo othi "Igazi leMveli" (1963), uxelela ngobomi obunzima bomntu ohamba ngomnxeba uNyanaya, yodwa ngexesha lemfazwe yokukhulisa abantwana abathathu kunye nomthandi wakhe, umntu ongu-tankman emva kokufa komfazi osemncinci wathatha indawo yabantwana bobawo boqobo, waba ngumqhubi kumsebenzi we-actress. UVyya wayebizwa ngokuba ngumdlali obalaseleyo.

Wayekwazi ukuchaneka ngokumangalisayo kunye nobuchule obungavamile bokudlulisa amava okomoya okwezinto ezintle eziqhoshayo. Iimpawu ezinjalo zokomoya, kodwa imifanekiso enamandla yayiphumelele kakhulu kumdlali weqhawe, wayekwazi ukudlala ama heroines ngexesha lakhe ngokunyaniseka okumangalisayo.

U kwamkelwa

Ummeli uViya Artmane, ophikisayo wakhe ophawulwe ngamaphupha kunye nokuhla, waba yinkwenkwezi yangempela yesikrini se-movie. Ifilimu elandelayo, eyaba yindawo ephawulekayo kungekhona nje kumsebenzi we-actress, kodwa nakwi-Lithuania ne-Soviet cinema- "Akukho mntu wayefuna ukufa", eqoshwe ngo-1965. Le tape yaba yimpumelelo kwaye yazisa uzuko lweManyano kubadlali beengqungquthela eziphambili (umzekelo, ngulo mfanekiso okwenza umfana osemncinci uDani Banionis omnye wabadlali abathandwa kakhulu ngexesha lakhe).

Ifilimu, echaza ngolu hlobo olunzima emva kwemfazwe ngo-1947, ixesha elinzima lokwamkelwa kwamandla aseSoviet eLithuania, yaziwa ngokubanzi. Uthande melodrama "uEdgar noKristuina", bakhululwa ngokuqeshisa kunyaka ozayo, ekugqibeleni badibanisa impumelelo yomdlali. Zonke iindima ezikhankanywe ngasentla zenze umdlali wesinye isinye seenkwenkwezi ezidumileyo, kwaye kwilizwe lakubo wayenomdla okhethekileyo kunye nentlonipho.

Imisebenzi yoluntu kunye nomsebenzi omtsha

UVija Artmane, i-biography, esithombeni sakhe esinikwe kulo candelo, ngaphezu kwebala lempumelelo, i-TV, wenza umsebenzi omkhulu woluntu. Ngaloo ndlela, wahamba ngokubambisana kwamanani othebhile kwilizwe lakubo, waza waba ilungu leKomidi Yezoxolo ZaseSoviet. Ezi zihloko zingcono kunamaphi amagama abonisa ngokucacileyo umgangatho wokuqatshelwa kunye nokuhlonipha umdlali. Kwada kwaphakathi kwee-1970, kwakungadutshulwa kakhulu, kodwa ngowe-1978 ifilimu entsha kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kuye yakhululwa, eyayiyiphakamisela phezulu kwi-popularity. Ngokuphathelele ukulungiswa kwincwadi entsha yaseSouth Maugham ethi "Theatre".

Kule filimu, uVe ufumana indima ephambili, eyaba yinto ebalulekileyo kwifilimu yakhe. Wayebonakala kwisikrini umfanekiso wesifazane oqinileyo, umlingisi oyintloko kaYulia, umlingisi oneminyaka engama-70 ubudala wayefanele abe nemvakalelo enamandla kumfana osemthethweni, owamtshintsha kamva. Le ngqungquthela yabangela ukuphindisela kwe-heroin kumdlali wakhe, kwaye kweli bali libala umlingiswa wakhe ubonakalisiwe: uyomelele, uyayigabisa, kodwa unesono kwaye awunakuxhomekeka. Umdlali we-actress uthathe i heroine ibe ngumfazi onyanisekileyo, njengoko ehlala eqonda izenzo zakhe. Lo msebenzi wabuye wenza ukuba umculi abe ngumlawuli odumile kunye owaziwayo.

Ubomi kwisiqingatha sesibini sama-1980-ekuqaleni kwawo-1990

U-Viya Artmane, ulwazi malunga nento ebangel 'umdla ukuba ubonisa italente emininzi yalo mdlali wempumelelo, kule minyaka elandelayo wabonakala kwiifilikhi ezininzi eziphumelele. Omnye wabo ifilimu ethi "Umntu weNgenelo", apho adlala indima yombhali onamandla onke. Lo mfanekiso wenziwa waba kufuphi kakhulu nomthombo - kwindaba eyaziwayo kaVan Makanin. Inxaxheba elandelayo yomhlaba - ukusebenza komdlali oyintloko kwifilimu yokuqala yeV V. Todorovsky "Hearse" (1990). Umfanekiso wawuhlolisiswa ngongcamango ngabagxeki, nangona wathola inani lamabhaso ahloniphekileyo kwimikhosi, kodwa ukusebenza komdlali we-actress kuye kwafumana ukuhlolwa okulungileyo. Omnye umgxeki wagqiba ngokucacileyo ukuba umdlali wesigidimi wayekwazi ukubonakalisa umfazi osekhulile owayesetyenziselwa ukulawula umfanekiso okholisayo, kodwa wayengenakukwazi ukulungisa isigqibo sentombi yakhe egulayo kwiminyaka eyanciphayo, ekhohliswa ngumdlali onobuqili.

Ezinye iindima

UVija Artmane, obani abonisa ubungqina bent talente yakhe, kwiminyaka ye-perestroika, wagcina isimo sakhe njengenye yezobugcisa belizwe abanamakhono. Ngomnyaka we-1991, wadlala indima encinane kwifilimu ethi "Uthando", ekwenzeni i-repertoire engaqhelekanga, okwakunjalo, kodwa wayenobungcali. Ngexesha elifanayo, uqhubeka esebenza ngentshiseko kwiholo. Enye yeendima zakhe ezona zilungileyo ngolu hlobo ngumfanekiso kaTeresa Raken oveli kwincwadi ka E. Zola.

Ukuya kwelinye inkundla

Ngomnyaka we-1998, washiya i-Art Theatre waza waya emsebenzini eRiga Youth Theatre. Umdlali wesicatshulwa wachaza isigqibo sakhe ngale ndlela: wagqiba ekubeni kwakufuneka ukuba anikezele indlela abancinci, njengoko isityalo sakhula, inani leentsebenzo landa, kwaye laphantse lingafumani iindima; Ukongezelela, yena, njengomculi oqatshelwe, wayenamanye amathuba okufumanisa ubunako bakhe bokudala.

Endaweni entsha, wadlala indima ye-Countess kwimveliso enomdla kakhulu ka-Queen of Spades, eyahlukileyo ngokuchazwa ngokungaqhelekanga kwezifundo zakudala. Imisebenzi yakhe yakutshanje kwifilimu ifaka indima kwinqaku elithi "Kamenskaya", kunye neyendlela yokubonakalisa kwiskrini somfanekiso we-Impress waseRashiya uCatherine II. Ngoko, iViya emthambekeni weminyaka ubuyele kumfanekiso apho, eqinisweni, waqala umsebenzi wakhe omangalisayo.

Usapho

U-Viya Artmane, ubomi bakhe abucala, obantwana bakhe baba ngumvavanyo onzima kunene, ngenxa yokuba inkathazo yakhe emva kwesikrini yayinzima kakhulu, yayingonwabanga kwintsapho. Wayetshatile kumdlali we-A. Dimeters. Umlingane wayemkhwele, kwaye wayengenandaba nomlingani wakhe uElveev. Nangona kunjalo, bahlala emtshatweni iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesixhenxe, umdlali wothando wayemnene ngomyeni wakhe kwaye wayehlala emkhumbula ngokufudumele, nangona wayevuma ukuba ubomi bentsapho bekungelula kuye.

Umdlali we-actress uthi umsebenzi wakhe obalulekileyo ebomini bakhe bodwa kuye kwaba kukugcinwa kwengqibelelo yentsapho kunye nomtshato ngenxa yabantwana, kwaye waphumelela. Emva kokufa komyeni wakhe, waqalisa iingxaki ezinzulu ngempilo nakwezemali. U-Viya Artmane, osapho lwakhe lusindiswa kakhulu ngenxa yemigudu yakhe, umonde kunye nomsebenzi, ngoku ubunzima obujongene nezindlu: indlu yakhe yathatyathwa, ngoko ke kwafuneka aphile ixesha elithile kwindlu endala, embi kakhulu kwiimeko ezinzima.

Iminyaka ezayo

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, uye wabuyela kwizindlu waza wavuzwa ngokufanelekileyo kwi-cinema. Unyana wakhe waba ngumculi, intombi-ngumculi. Umdlali we-actress wayenzima kakhulu ukutshatyalaliswa kweSoviet Union, ephikisa ukuba i-cinema yaseRussia neLatvia yamnika ubuninzi bokukhula kobugcisa, ngoko ke kwakunzima kuye ukuba aqonde la mazwe amabini njengamazwe ahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, wayesoloko ethetha kakuhle ngomsebenzi wakhe kunye nabenzi befilimu baseLatvia nabaseRashiya (wasebenzisana naloo mva emva kweemeko zika-1991).

Umdlali we-actress wafa ngo-2008. Isalathiso sokuthandwa kwe-Wii kwakukukhutshwa kweefilimu ezininzi ngobomi bakhe nasemsebenzini, kwaye ngamagama abo wayebizwa ngokuba ngu-mfumukazi. Ukongezelela, kukho iinkumbulo zika-Artmane malunga nobomi bakhe obunzima, kunye nencwadi ezinikezele emsebenzini wakhe.

Nentsingiselo

UVija Artmane, i-biography, ubomi bomntu, abantwana, umfanekiso wakhe waba isihloko sale nqaku, kwakukho ixesha lakhe elitsha kwi-screen yeSoviet. Ubonakala obuhle ngokungaqhelekanga, izakhono zobungqingili, ukukwazi ukubonisa ubunzima obunzima bengqondo kwintetho enye, ukunyakaza, ukujika kwentloko okanye ukubukeka kumenza waba yinkosi yangempela yomfanekiso wehlabathi elinotyebi lama heroines. Yingakho kwakunjalo kwixesha lamaSoviet, xa abalawuli befuna iindlela ezintsha zokubonisa izimvo, amaqhawe, amava.

Ukubonakala okuqambileyo nokukhunjulwa komdlali wesicatshulwa sele isiqingatha siqinisekisile impumelelo yomfanekiso, kwaye italente yakhe engathandabuzeki yenza yonke ifilimu ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwisiganeko sangempela kwihlabathi le-cinema. U-Vija Artmane, i-biography, ubomi bomi, obantwana bakhe babenomdla wokubaluleka kwiphephandaba ngokubhekiselele kwintlekele ye-actrice, yaba yinto ephawulekayo ye-cinema yaseSoviet.