Isakhiwo federal

State (karhulumente wesizwe) icebo i amazwe isakhiwo lwangaphakathi ngokusemthethweni Isimo ngokomthetho amalungu alo. Le nto ibonisa iimpawu ezithile lobudlelwane lazo kunye norhulumente kazwelonke kunye nabanye.

Kukho iindidi ezintathu ezingundoqo lwesakhiwo yangaphakathi: ecalanye, confederal kunye nesakhiwo federal karhulumente.

Uhlobo yokugqibela iphawulwa njenge umbutho ngokuzithandela amazwe ukuba abe ukuzimela ethile. Izwe isixhobo union karhulumente yenziwa isekelwe kule mvumelwano Izwe. Izifundo kuhlanganiselo isakhiwo wathi inokuba zombini ezikhoyo zoluntu kunye namazwe geqe. isixhobo Federal angenela, njengokuba ulawulo, ubudlelwane kunye namacandelo ze nakwiimanyano ngokulinganayo. Kuba lo Uphawu isakhiwo ubukho kwiindawo luluvo kokuhlambeleyo, urhulumente, ngummi, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nezinye siseko. Izifundo umdla egumbini yasepalamente.

I federal Isakhiwo ye-Russian Federation, esisigxina imimiselo yoMgaqo-siseko kunye neminye imithetho kwaye iquka isakhiwo sezopolitiko ngayo abantu neentlanga ngokwesiseko yabo self-determination ngeendlela okanye enye karhulumente. isakhiwo ilizwe inkqubo ngokwanelisayo ezintsonkothileyo. Wawuquka kuphela isakhiwo federal kodwa ecalanye kunye elizimeleyo. Njengenxalenye karhulumente Russian iindawo ezimeleyo, imimandla, imimandla (kubandakanywa oluzimeleyo), izixeko federal, kwiRiphabliki.

Phakathi iziseko siseko lobume eManyeneyo yaseRashiya ayinabantu:

- ukuhlanganiswa kunye nokusasazwa ngapha ulongamo yelizwe;

- ubukhulu kwemithetho yase kanye-siseko kuyo yonke indawo;

- isidima sobummandla kunye ukuthembeka yelizwe;

- zahlule amagunya kunye ngokwemiqathango amaziko reference kunye namagunya karhulumente;

- self-determination kunye namalungelo alinganayo kwezizwe;

- Ukulingana kunye nomanyano lobumi.

Ezi kunye nezinye izibonelelo kwisahluko sokuqala siseko urhulumente IsiRashiya ukuya ukuqinisekisa ulawulo miba kubume karhulumente, zezona zinto usemthethweni iziseko ulawulo Russian. Ukutshintsha la malungiselelo nga kwenziwa kuphela kumGaqo-siseko.

isixhobo Federal lineqela siseko:

1. A umbutho ngokuzithandela abantu kunye neentlanga. Malunga wokuzithandela ubungqina kwindawo yokuqala, inkqubo ekwamkelweni koMgaqo-siseko okuthandwayo yi zonke izifundo ngo-1993.
2. Ukulingana nobukhosi yeentlanga. Kakuhle eli umgaqo ilele ingqalelo onelungelo elipheleleyo kwezizwe neentlanga ukuba ezamahala self-determination kwefom kwezopolitiko ikho.
3. Federalism ngokudibene ukuzimela unitarianism. Ngumfuziselo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo karhulumente ngenxa yobume beentlanga zelizwe kunye umendo walo ezintsonkothileyo zembali.
4. indawo umgaqo izakhiwo ukuyilwa karhulumente wesizwe kuyo uluhlu ezimbaxa kunye nezifundo ezifunda umgaqo.
5. ingqibelelo State. An isiqinisekiso ebalulekileyo osemthethweni wokusindisa ingqibelelo yombuso - ngoku kukungabikho ilungelo lokusirhoxisa esi Izifundo Russian Federation. UMgaqo-siseko ukwanikezela neminye imigangatho ezinika siqinisekiso ngasentla.
6. liyaqhubeka Umgaqo ukulingana izifundo ze-Federation yaqulunqa umgaqo - ukulingana kunye nenkululeko yeentlanga. Ngokutsho kwabanye ababhali, ukuhlalutya kubume bayo, izifundo musa banamalungelo alinganayo ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yokungafani iintlobo sokumiswa.