INtonga yeGunya - amaqhawe Sixhobo kunye Cossacks: imbali, iifoto

Yimalini umhlaba, ixesha elininzi kunye nendawo imfazwe, neengxabano phakathi kweentlanga, ungquzulwano phakathi kwabantu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ngexesha sethu ukuzama ukusombulula nayiphi na ingxaki nozolileyo thethwano, kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ezadlulayo, indlela engundoqo ukusombulula imbambano waba umlo. Abathathi-nxaxheba bazama ukuxhobisa ngokupheleleyo ukuba uqalise umdlali kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Enye i sixhobo umdla nebalulekileyo ngokwembali ke iNtonga. Igama livela i "Bula" - eziguqula, ikwanjalo nentlama, liqhina. Esi sifundo umdla yenkuselo ukuhlasela, singathetha namhlanje.

A incinane

INtonga yeGunya - mbini isixhobo, apho iimpawu umngxuma elifutshane kunye namatye pommel. Esi sixhobo kukothuka-fragmenting, nto leyo unembali ende kunye yobuqaqawuli. Abantu yamandulo kuMntla noMzantsi Merika, eOstreliya, Asia, iYurophu kunye Afrika kangangeenkulungwane ngokubanzi olu hlobo izixhobo. Ebudeni okanye umhlobo wakhe kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala ukuba kufunyanwa iNtonga njengendlela yokuqala yokujongana yotshaba.

Ngo-Russia, i isixhobo yamandulo iNtonga yeGunya Wabonakala ngenkulungwane ye-11. Le mbali bakholelwa ukuba "weza" evela South-East. Kumaxesha amandulo kwakukholelwa ukuba yamandulo isixhobo iNtonga - hayi ukulwa, kodwa lophawu yekhethelo. Bona compulsorily elihamba yaxhobisa namabutho imvelaphi inyuselwa khona. Izixhobo ezenziwe ngentsimbi, isinyithi, hayi kuphela 'intloko', kodwa isiphatho. Zincedise uyilo lokuqala zakhe zokutyhomfa, ukwandisa ukusebenza esi sixhobo.

ongakhetha abathandwayo

Ngukhokho iiklabhu nga kuthathwa iklabhu eqhelekileyo. Yaba yena ngubani engundoqo kunye isixhobo engundoqo abalimi - kuba zonke iingxaki amafama ezama ukubonakalisa ukuba umsulwa ngoncedo izixhobo ezilula ezilula. Kodwa ukusebenza mihle kangangokuba laya "yathandwa" Marine. Le bemba abembi babonise indlela iNtonga iguqulwe kancincane ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ekuqaleni, intloko ngezikhali ngeenxa kwaye agudileyo, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe ubanzima kwaye uba isikwere, oko unikwe spikes kunye nokuphela kwegqabi phezu kwindawo yonke. izixhobo Weight yakhona 500 grams ukuya buziikhilogram ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. ubude ingalo malunga-60 cm - eli parameter yaba "umgangatho". Ukunenzela lula, oko eziqhotyoshelwe umtya lesikhumba, yaye ezinye ziye edityaniswe nezinto ikrele.

ngamanye amazwi

INtonga yeGunya - a isixhobo ekhethekileyo. It has a lot zokuguqulwa, kwenzeka ngako oku ukusasazwa ngokubanzi. EMpuma iklabhu ebizwa ngokuba "buzdyhan" okanye "buzdygan", pommel kwayo kwaba ngeenxa zonke. EYurophu, isixhobo ebizwa ngokuba "ikrele," yaye baba evuthelweyo okwepere imilo okanye bruskoobraznuyu. Kwi-West, iiklabhu zemveli ezinikwa spikes kunye nemithungo, wabamemela "Morning" okanye "iNtonga". AmaJamani lokuqala ukhetho iNtonga uWele "kusasa nkwenkwezi", kuba nje omnye ukubetha isixhobo gingxi na, Ugqobhoze isikrweqe, kunye ukulwa iqela onamandla kunene. Le fowuni, baxhotyiswa kunye nento ephakathi ezibukhali, ekwabizwa ngokuba 'iNtonga linqindi. "

Isihlobo ezikude iNtonga kukho iNtonga yeGunya okanye "umsele ikhuni", njengoko oko kwazeka ngexesha Second World War. In India namaPersi isixhobo ngumphelelisi ivaliwe Watsho sangena nesiphatho, nguwuphi umahluko ophambili phakathi iingalo zonke kuloo mazwe. INtonga yeGunya - izixhobo Cossack, loo nto babeyibiza ngokuba "Naseka". Kuphela ukuvela kunye nokwanda imipu isuse iNtonga noodade alo imvelaphi, kwaye ke "sisinde 'ukusuka edabini.

Izinto eziluncedo izixhobo

Inzuzo ephambili iNtonga yi lula wayo engakholelekiyo nesantya ngawo. Mathiriyeli ukungabizi eninzi imali, ukwenza izixhobo ezifumanekayo amajoni amaninzi. Ingakumbi babethanda iNtonga kwi edabini ukuba iimpawu ezigqwesileyo emangalisayo - iyakwazi ukuba ahlukane nisibophelele exhotyiswe ngokupheleleyo yentsimbi isikrweqe welinye icala. Kuba oku lafumana ngokubanzi ngokungaqhelekanga. INtonga yeGunya - Sixhobo izityebi namahlwempu.

abalimi Simple njani iNtonga eyenziwe ngomthi, intsimbi, imilo yawo elula lula. Ngoobani baceba, walwa ngezixhobo ezenziwe ngobhedu, isiphatho ebifihliwe lula busongelwe ngelaphu, ezihonjiswe Monograms kunye nemiqondiso ezikhethekileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo iNtonga waya zintsonkotha ngakumbi. Changed ukubonakala kwayo kunye nenjongo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni waba 'zoxolo "ngaphezulu.

uphawu lenkundla

INtonga yeGunya kokona kutya inzala yethu aphakathi esigcina eyaguqukayo yaba lokuvelela amandla kunye nesidima. masango French amabandla, izindlu zokuhlala etyebileyo royal ngokuzingca wabamba iNtonga esandleni, ukrwelele ukubaluleka kwayo. Ngoku wenziwe ngobhedu, nengubo, ihonjiswe ngamatye kunye nefomu kokunzima eqhotyoshelweyo. Kumazwe amaninzi Western, nabanumzana wazama ukuba kuvela esidlangalaleni ngaphandle shiyane iNtonga Beje, nabathetheli, namadindala akukho ilungelo ukuba ukunxiba ngalo lonke ixesha. Baye nabalindi ezincinane "karhulumente phakathi korhulumente" eVatican imikhosi nangoku azihombise ngezixhobo zembali.

INtonga yeGunya zenkulungwane yama-21

Russia ebesoloko enye amagunya kakhulu ehlabathini, yaye loo nto rhoqo ebonisa ezininzi ezifunyaniswe zawo kunye nophuhliso. Ngoko akukho mfihlelo izixhobo zomkhosi karhulumente akukho enasilela ngayo kwamanye. Ikratshi abavelisi basekhaya zezona imijukujelwa weave. Eyona langutana iingalo Russian kutshanje - "Bulava". Le enomjukujelwa InterContinental ballistic apho kubabhekisi phambili wabeka eninzi uxanduva ukuthembakala imida lokhokho. Yena liqonga ezintathu-eqinileyo-propellant ichaziwe isekelwe phezu kolwandle. izikhephe Nuclear-enikwe baxhotyiswa isizukulwana entsha yale isixhobo mihla, kunye nayo "imisebenzi" ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezintsonkothileyo "Topol-M". Eyona langutana isixhobo kutshanje - a enomjukujelwa "Bulava". Nabaqambi baye bazama ukumanya ulwandle nomhlaba lo imijukujelwa zokubasa okuqinileyo.

"Bulava" - isixhobo amadoda bokwenyaniso

isixhobo ukuzalwa unyanzelekile iinjineli Uyilo Moscow Institute of Tshisa Engineering, olwaqala ukwenza imisebenzi abanoxanduva ngo-1988. Yinto ngokupheleleyo uyilo Russian: abayili bayazingca nenzala yabo, kunye nabezomkhosi ngokukhwaza kuxoxwe isixhobo impikiswano - a enomjukujelwa "Bulava".

test enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa yaqala ngo-2004, yaye nangona uthotho siyohluleka, yaba elungileyo "umncedi" inkwili "Yury Dolgoruky". Namhlanje, bayahlelwa "Bulava" ayikhange ibe bazimisele ngokupheleleyo, kodwa abaphuhlisi bayaqhubeka ubani aguqule kancinane kwaye nokuphucula design.

iimpawu izikhali

umntu engenalwazi kunzima ukuqonda amanani kunye nezishunqulelo, kodwa ezinye iimpawu wathimba ekuyileni Russian zesiqhelo. Ngoko ke, lo owela ngaphakathi kwama-yintshukumo rocket - iikhilomitha 8000! Ukuqalisa ubunzima izixhobo na ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-36. iiyunithi zenyukliya, ezo baxhotyiswa "Bulava" ukuze ngamnye Ukutshintsha le ndlela yokusabela yayo. Baya kuba kumaqhekeza-6 ukuya kwi-10, nto leyo eyenza ukuba umpu phantse gidi.

yokuqalisa irula uthambekele unako ukuvumela ukuba isebenze ngaphandle meko "uyaguquka", nto leyo eyenza i "Bulava 'ubhetyebhetye kwaye kulula ukulawula sibaleke. Ngaphandle kokuya kwiimpawu ngezikrweqe, kucacile ukuba lo - yenye yeeprojekthi ezinkulu-isikali eya komeleza umda karhulumente kunye ukuxhobisa emkhosini ngeteknoloji entsha. Kuyinto enamandla isixhobo - a enomjukujelwa "Bulava" - iphulo elikhulu-isikali kule minyaka ilishumi idluleyo, nto leyo ekuphuculeni, kodwa uthembisa ukuba into enkulu.

Emva ngaphezu kwesinye start-up

Lokuqala uvavanyo ngokusesikweni enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa yenziwa September 23, 2004 kunye ngwenya "nguDmitry Donskoy" ku Severodvinsk. Esi siganeko kwaphawula ukuqala iimveliso test series ugqibile. Kuye kwacaca ukuba izixhobo "Bulava" zingafakwa ii nkwili. Emva phantse unyaka eKamchatka enomjukujelwa yesibini lokwazisa lwaqhutywa, ngexesha apho ezase hit ngempumelelo ithagethi ezinqwenelekayo kwisiza elijongene uvavanyo. Kwinyanga kamva, "Bulava" waphinda wabonisa ecaleni akhe, abanyamezela ngayo umsebenzi emkhosini.

Kwisithuba seminyaka emibini, zonke iimvavanyo koko imijukujelwa ballistic akwafuza yimpumelelo: Russian izixhobo - umjukujelwa "Bulava" - into baphambuka ngokupheleleyo ikhosi ezicwangcisiweyo, ngoko ngesiquphe self-ngokwawo, ukuba asingabo bonke intloko enomjukujelwa yokulwa egqitha injongo oyifunayo. Kamva kwagqitywa ukutshintsha kuphela izityalo, nto leyo yenza isixhobo esinamandla, kodwa isakhiwo abayili kunye nababhekisi phambili.

Mhlawumbi le ngxaki kunye bekusungulwa rocket ziyacaca ukuba izixhobo bekujongiwe "umsebenzi" elwandle, wayila iiprojekthi ziingcali komhlaba. Emva koko, "Bulava" aqalisa ukuvelisa lweshishini "Moscow Machine-Building Plant" Vympel ".

uhlolisiso

Loo nto inika umdla into yokuba ngexesha lonke "Bulava" inkqubo enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa, inkqubela kubekwa iliso abantu ababebukele ezivela eUnited States. Ngokutsho iSivumelwano kwi Strategic ekhubekisayo Arms, 1988 de Disemba 5, 2009 asebenza American gqolo ukuvelisa uhlolo olubonakalayo kwi kummandla emgangathweni mveliso. Kwikhusi, babukeleyo amazwe Ndizibonile izixhobo kwi ephumayo ukusuka kwisixeko eVotkinsk zezityalo, inkqubo ekhethekileyo emiselwe imilinganiselo kunye neempawu ezithile zobugcisa kwezixhobo. Kwiplanti, amagosa American isikhundla ngeenxa rhoqo ukuze ukuchonga ukohlwaya yothutho "Bulava" iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho. kuthiwa iinqwelo enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa kufuneka atshitshiswe nawo, ngokupheleleyo yavavanywa esweni of America. Oku kubonisa uluvo ukuba, nangona kukho imiqobo ngohlobo ayiphumelelanga start-ups, "Bulava" - isixhobo loyikekayo, ithembisa.

i intlokoma kwimbali

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba isixhobo kunye nembali elide kunye nophuhliso mihla endle zokhuselo enomjukujelwa babe negama elifanayo. INtonga yeGunya - heroes Sixhobo hayi kuphela kumaXesha Aphakathi, kodwa amadoda ngomhla wethu. Developers nilwamkelele ilize ngokuba umntwana wakhe ngaloo ndlela ngenxa yokuba baye bazama ukunika enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa igama mihla enkulu aze anikezele ngamandla ethile.

INtonga yeGunya of khulu lokugqibela leminyaka kwaye namhlanje - izixhobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo zombini imbonakalo kunye nenjongo esebenza. Kuyathenjwa ukuba igama ezithe- liya kuba elinye lamaqhosha kwimpumelelo iqela abayili, abaphuhlisi kunye abahloli. Nangona inani iingxaki iimvavanyo, sikholelwa ukuba eyona isixhobo eRashiya - i "Bulava".

Ngoku uyazi phantse yonke into malunga iimbumbulu inzima weave. Siyithe thaca ibali yokuzalwa, iimpawu ebalulekileyo umjukujelwa "Bulava" mfanekiso. Le isixhobo alikafiki ngokupheleleyo kwinkonzo, kodwa kwinto. Kwi i "Bulava" emkhosini balindele ukuphakama, ukuze asebenze kule projekthi akayeki elikhulu.