Inkxaso-mali - yintoni na le nto?

Maxa wambi amashishini abanayo ngokwaneleyo yeziveliso zayo zendalo ukuba umsebenzi loosomashishini, ngoko asebenzise le nkqubo yenkxaso-mali. Le yokugqibela luhlobo yeqhosha kwimpumelelo kunye nesakhono ukuze uhlale osinde ekhuphisanayo zoshishino yanamhlanje.

le nkcazelo

Inkxaso-mali - yimali ikakhulu ukuba bafumaneke ibolekwe, ezisetyenziswa yi amashishini ngenjongo yokuba ubonelelo liqhawuke yemisebenzi yabo ulwalathiso engundoqo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ishishini, owayekhokela imisebenzi non-ngeniso, lo mthombo uphambili mali iya kusebenza njengoko kubathengi okanye urhulumente. On imali waboleka umbutho uyakwazi ukugcina imali yabo, nto leyo kule meko ke eziguqulweyo imizi zivaliwe-hlobo kuba iiklabhu abadala okanye zenkcubeko kunye noluntu.

Kuba kurhulumente, ke, umthombo mali ezi liabilities irhafu berhafu. Kwi-mali iqulethe imibutho engajonganga nzuzo ezifana izibhedlele kunye namaziko emfundo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ingqikelelo-mali eli lizwe ingqinelana ngokupheleleyo kuqoqosho ocwangcisiweyo.

Kuba iinkampani zorhwebo ngemali - kukutsala imali eentlangano isambuleli. Kwimeko imisebenzi inshorensi-mali ezinkulu zemali ezi mali ka policyholders.

iindlela ezisisiseko

Ukuba le nkqubo yenkxaso-mali kukuba bakuzibalela ngokuvumelana indlela accrual, oko lungohlulwa lube zezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

• iindlela bakuthathe;
• iindlela ihlolwe.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uza umba mali-mboleko ngendlela kuqulunqo rough i yemvelaphi isixa kuvavanywa kwemali ngexesha lokugqibela. Ngamanye amazwi, inkamnkam zinikwa ngokungqinelana isixa somvuzo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo ukusebenza kunye namazinga sedipozithi iibhanki zixhomekeke isixa-mali lokuhlawulwa eli xesha lokunika ingxelo (Kakade ke, oku hayi kuphela kwesibakala sokugqiba le index).

Ukuba uthathe ingqalelo thina kwiindlela kuvavanywa, inkxaso-mali - sisixa mali waboleka, leyo kwabalelwa lonke kwishishini ishishini. Ngamanye amazwi, ngokwale ndlela,-mali yokuhlawula inkampani ye-inshorensi iya kuxhomekeka iqela lamabhaso ziye lwenziwe polisi lonke ixesha lweshishini. Kwimeko yokuba isixa-mali karhulumente kwentlawulo zentlalo iza kuxhomekeka imali yerhafu ehlawulwa kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo.

Njani izinga mali

Izinga mali - iindleko zizonke ukuboleka, ebalwayo yi indlela enzima, kodwa makhe Masizame ukuyicazulula lento ingqiqo kwaye ucacise zonke iilwimi ezikhoyo.

Imali net kwemali akukho zinexabiso umnatha mali waboleka, ngoko izinga mali ibalwa kuxhomekeke ubunzima kwezalathisi:

• zithathelwa ingqalelo Iimpawu kwimarike anempembelelo;
• kuthathelwa ingqalelo inzuzo lweshishini;
• ukulinganisa ratio Sheet ingqalelo iindleko;
• watsala i ixabiso ingcali ye-asethi yongxamiseko.

Kulo mzekelo, izinga mali akuthethi ukucima ixesha langoku, kwaye ngoku iindleko ixesha ukuboleka lukhethiwe kwi ngokwengqiqo inkampani, kuba oko kanye ngosuku, ngeveki okanye ngonyaka.

Emva kokuba izigqibo amazinga mali Isalathisi wafumana kuthathelwa ingqalelo ekumiseleni yokuhlawula amatyala wenkampani, nto leyo yenza imisebenzi yayo yi eboleka ngayo imali.

Ukumisela ukubaluleka

Iindleko mali - kukuba izinga apho ukutsala imali waboleka kwi elikomkhulu nkampani, ngoko musa ukubhidanisa ingqikelelo 'isantya mali "kunye" ixabiso. "

Kakade ke, bekuya kuba sengqiqweni ukuba isigqibo izinga - na uvavanyo ipesenti imali wamvusa oku, nangona kunjalo, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, le ngxelo ayilunganga, kuba ixabiso ngexabiso transfer ngqo, nto leyo ebonisa phantsi ntoni ipesenti inkampani bakwazi ukutsala imali ebolekiweyo.

Esi salathisi kwakhona kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi kwaye ibalwa ifomula inzima, kodwa elifutshane sinokuthi ekugqibeni iindleko index mali ithathela ingqalelo ekhoyo ngalo mzuzu isixa-mali waboleka, okufunwa ziimalike, ubonelelo kunye nezalathisi market stock.

Kaninzi ke inzala kwimali-mboleko kunye needipozithi ebhankini kuxhomekeke ubunzima kuko kunye neziphawuli hayi idini zingaphi sikhuphisana, bangaphi kuthi ucinga.

lomlingani mali Concept

lomlingani mali - umlinganiselo, echazwe ngenxa yokubala ukuzalana phakathi asethi namatyala amashishini lwemali kazwelonke. Ngenxa yoko, inkampani uyakwazi ukubala inani umngcipheko umsebenzi walo ongundoqo njengoko kumhla lokunika ingxelo.

Xa kunjalo, ukuba impahla kugqithisela namatyala abo ukuqelaniso, kwaye inani mkhulu kunalowo, kunokwenziwa isigqibo ukuba iingozi lweshishini ngalo mzuzu lincinane, kunye nokusebenza yayo ayikho ingozi. Ngamanye amazwi, umsebenzi yenkampani uzinzile yaye uyakwazi ukwenza ingeniso ngokuthe ngcembe.

Ukuba amatyala kulawula impahla yayo iyonke ngokunxulumene, isiphetho ukuba umsebenzi omkhulu umngcipheko lweshishini le ezinkulu ngokwaneleyo, kunye nenzuzo Alukho. Ngoko unako yekhalenda amazinga enzala asezantsi ukutsala capital amatyala ukungakwazi i ibhanki okanye i-inshorensi nkampani ukuba enze iintlawulo.

mali Bank

Inkxaso-mali beebhanki - kukutsala imali yetyala imisebenzi yokusebenza elizayo.

Ngokubanzi esinokubangela ukuba uthi ngokupheleleyo nayiphi na ibhanki inkqubo nezenzo-mali, kungenjalo akayi kuba kunokwenzeka ukusebenza kwayo. Ibhanki, njengoko umthetho, isixa elingonelanga eyinkunzi ebeyenza noboleka ngokupheleleyo, ingakumbi xa sithetha amaqumrhu asemthethweni. Ngoko ke, ngokuba imisebenzi eqhelekileyo ukutsala iidipozithi.

Ngamnye kuni uye waqaphela ukuba izinga ngetyala ibhanki yeyona ngokufuthi axhomekeke kule dipozithi, okanye ngolunye uhlobo. Ngoko ke, ukuba umyinge kwi-mboleko luyakhula, kwaye izinga idipozithi lokubuya ayikwazi zithotywe - kuba umgaqo lokuqala mali.

Inani elikhulu leenkampani bakwazi ukulawula imali yabo ngaphandle itsale iinkqubo mali, kodwa hayi iibhanki. umsebenzi Banking lisoloko libandakanya ukuboleka.

izixhobo mali

Akusoloko inkqubo-mali une inkangeleko kwezoqoqosho, kunye umbutho ofisi, lo gama unemisebenzi nempembelelo enkulu kunye nokubaluleka. Le ndlela obubhaliweyo ukucinga ukuba inkxaso-mali - babizwa ngokuba amaxwebhu kumphati kwamathuba ezidlulileyo lweshishini.

inkqubo yokuncedisa ingaqhuba anikhuphe periodicity ethile - kanye ngonyaka, ngekota okanye ngenyanga (ngokuxhomekeke kwisixa inkcazelo ekhoyo). izixhobo mali ngokubanzi olwenziwe iirejista. Kungaba:

• abasayinayo;
• Igama lomthumeli;
• umxholo.

Ngokubanzi, akukho imithetho ecacileyo kunye nomthetho malunga nenkqubo mali ngokuhambelana kunye neerejista, unobhala ungakhetha ifanelekileyo kangangoko ukuba indlela kulondolozwe njalo.

iziphumo

Xa ndiqukumbela, siphawula ukuba inkxaso-mali yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi zorhwebo kwamashishini ezininzi, kungenjalo njani siye kusetyenziswa iimali-mboleko ebhankini, ukuba bekungekho iidipozithi? Nto leyo ethetha ukuba inkampani ye-inshorensi kuza kufuneka ukuba enze iintlawulo, ukuba bekungekho-inshorensi? A iinkonzo zentlalo ayikwazanga ayihlawuli zibonelelo ukuba hayi inkqubo yerhafu kweli lizwe.