Ingqikelelo Cathedral le Moscow yesicelo

Ingqikelelo Cathedral le Moscow yesicelo - ngoku usebenza Orthodox. Indawo: Cathedral Square eMoscow. Yeyona itempile iphambili kurhulumente. Yeyona sakhiwo indala esixekweni, nto leyo igcinwe ngokupheleleyo.

Imbali emfutshane

Ingqikelelo Cathedral - i House of the Virgin. Ulwakhiwo Dormition Church eRashiya lusisiganeko iqale Kiev yamandulo, apho yena ke Hagia Sophia walakha Cathedral yokuqala Ingqikelelo e Kiev-Pechersk Monastery. Kuthiwa iNtombi kakhulu wadlula bezakhiwo ukusuka eConstantinople igolide wathembisa ukuba baphile etempileni elisanda kwakhiwa.

Kwiminyaka 1326-1327, Ivan Kalita wakha yecawa ilitye lokuqala e Moscow, kule ndawo, yaye emva koko kwabakho Ingqiqo Cathedral Moscow yesicelo. Kwanangaphambi itempile yakhiwe Ivanom Kalitoy, le ndawo elinye Moscow Church yamandulo (ezakhiwe ngamaplanga kwinkulungwane XII).

Ingqikelelo Cathedral Moscow yesicelo yaba ibandla ephambili eRashiya kangangoko amane eminyaka. Kulo ebekwe indlalifa etroneni, nguye wazalisa izinto ezibalulekileyo zoluntu, wakhetha solusapho metropolitans. Kwakukho enye, imibhiyozo ezininzi ebaluleke kakhulu, nto leyo bagqibileyo kanye umbono Cathedral. EMoscow waphakamisa oosolusapho ezininzi metropolitans, kuba abanye kwingcinga Cathedral baba ngakumbi kunye nendawo yokungcwaba. amangcwaba zawo zibekwe ecaleni ezindongeni zendlu.

Cathedral Architecture

Umakhi ukuba Cathedral ye Ingqiqo yaba Italian Aristotle Fioravanti, ogama sabamema ngokukodwa Ivan Iii. Ingqikelelo Cathedral kwi yesicelo yakhiwa ngo-1475-1479 yi ofana lusekeleke Cathedral yenkulungwane XII kwenye omdala Russian iidolophu - Vladimir.

Umnyango omkhulu itempile omdala ukusuka Cathedral Square. Kwakukho izinyuko ebanzi emnyango igqibezela le portal entle Iingqameko ezintathu semi-setyhula. Apha Enkulu uMikayeli Sibatyhale isithunywa ngokungathi ezaziwugadile loo myezo ukuya kulwakhiwo yecawa. ngaphezu nje arch - amanani abantu abangcwele, ngaphezu kwabo ichaza Virgin kunye Child ezingalweni zakhe. Konke oku - ezi esekelwe emibalabala, leyo yazaliswa umgangatho ophezulu kakhulu yala magcisa ezikude Russian zenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, abamagama wahlala ayaziwa.

Ngaphakathi isonto, umbindi siyahlukana esibingelelweni, iconostasis ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe (i iconostasis lunobude omalunga elinesithandathu eemitha kwaye wambu Izihloko isilivere ngegolide engathi ngumfanekiswana), waza wabulawa malunga 1652 amagcisa, Kucelwa Emnye-uSergiyo Monastery. Ngelishwa, ngowama-1682 kwabakho umlilo yecawa, ngenxa leyo betha i icon, kodwa ngabapeyinti yasebukhosini (KIRILL Ulanov, George Zinoviev kunye Tikhon Filatov) zihlaziyiwe ngempumelelo. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, le yecawa zigcinwe ngabapeyinti Russian imifanekiso. I, i icon omdala omdala, leyo yecawa - "Saint George", oko ibekwe phambi kwe iconostasis.

Le ndlu yecawa obenziwe kuhlasela amabutho French (War of 1812 ngonyaka). Inxalenye zesilivere, leyo Cossacks kamva Russian nangoku babanjwa kamva wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe, waba lwenkohliso chandelier, leyo ngoku Axhome embindini.

Kubalulekile kananjalo lesikhumbuzo mdala ubugcisa Russian kunye nemisebenzi yezandla kwinkolelo Cathedral na iingcango zalo yokungena esemazantsi. Engeniswe ikomkhulu Suzdal Cathedral (nebizwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane weshumi elinesihlanu). Bona igolide (kwi lacquer black) wenza imifanekiso malunga namashumi amabini ngomxholo yeBhayibhile.

Cathedral ngoku

Emva kokuba Russian Revolution ka-1917, i-ingcamango Cathedral yajika imyuziyam. Abasebenzi, ukudala sesichengeni, ukuzama ukulondoloza nezibilini zayo. Yaye ngowe-1990 e-kwingcinga Cathedral yaqalwa inkonzo. Ngenxa yoko, ngoku ke ingcamango Cathedral Moscow yesicelo inemisebenzi ezinkulu ezimbini: myuziyam kunye indlu ngokwayo.