Ingeniso kunye nenzuzo.

Injongo ephambili eqhutyelwa yiphina imveliso, kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-economic market, inzuzo. Idala iziqinisekiso ezithile zokuthi inkampani iya kuqhubeka ikhona kwixesha elizayo. Oku kubangelwa kukuba ukuqokelela kweenzuzo ngendlela yemali eyahlukileyo yemali kunokunceda ukunqoba yonke imiphumo yengozi ehambelana nokuthengiswa kweempahla.

Iingeniso kunye neenzuzo ziyimiqondo eyahlukileyo. Kwimarike, iinkampani zihlala zisebenza njengabakhiqizi bemveliso ezahlukileyo. Babeka intengo yeemveliso zabo, ngoko bathengise kumthengi, ngenxa yokufumana imali evela kuyo. Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba inzuzo ifunyenwe. Ukuze ufumene umphumo wezezimali, kufuneka uqhathanise iindleko zemveliso kunye neentengiso (zithatha uhlobo lweendleko) ngenzuzo. Ukuba ingeniso iphezulu kuneendleko, umphumo wezezimali unenzuzo. Ukuba lilingana neendleko, ngoko unokuhlawula kuphela iindleko zokuthengisa kunye nemveliso. Kodwa ukuba iindleko zigqithise imali engenayo, ngenxa yoko, inkampani ifumana ilahleko, oko kuthiwa yimiphumo yezemali emibi.

Iingeniso azikho ngaphezu kweeriti zemali ngenxa yokuthengiswa kweemveliso kwiimarike ezifanelekileyo. Ingeniso epheleleyo - yinkokhelo engabizwa yinto epheleleyo, efunyenwe li shishini esuka ekuthengiseni imisebenzi, impahla, iinkonzo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo.

Imali engenayo yenkampani ingeniso ngenxa yento yonke yomsebenzi wexesha elithile. Yaye ingeniso yemyingeniso yenkampani ingeniso, ibalwa kuphela kwiyunithi yemveliso, ethengiswayo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ingeniso epheleleyo ichithwe kwiindleko (iindleko), umphumo wokugqibela womsebenzi weshishini uza kuba yinzuzo okanye ilahleko.

Iyintoni intsingiselo yenzuzo kunye nemisebenzi yayo? Okwangoku, ngumthombo wemisebenzi emitsha kunye nomsebenzi we-entrepreneur ngokwakhe; Ukukwazi kwalo ukuhamba ngeemeko zeemeko zezoqoqosho ezinokungaqiniseki kunye nentlawulo yomngcipheko; Ingeniso efunyenwe kwisicelo sotyalo-mali, inkunzi enkulu ekwenzeni; I-Monopolism, oko kukuthi, amandla oqoqosho kwenkampani kwiimarike.

Ngomzamo wokuncedisa, ishishini liphucula umveliso walo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ukukhula kotyalo-mali kuvuselelwe, okukhokelela ekunyuseni okukhulu kwimveliso yemveliso kunye nokwandiswa kwemisebenzi. Ngenxa yoko, akukona nje ukuba i-shishini likhula, kodwa kwakhona uqoqosho lozwelonke lonke.

Inzuzo yenza imisebenzi enjalo: ulwazi, ukukhuthaza nokuhambisa. Ikwahlula kwiindidi ezininzi:

1. I-Arithmetic. Umbuzo wokohluko phakathi kweendleko kunye neengeniso. Iindleko zihlala zihluke, kodwa ingeniso ibonakaliswa njengengeniso epheleleyo, oko kukuthi, iyonke. Ngako oko, inzuzo ibonwa ngokungafaniyo.

2. eziqhelekileyo. Libhekisela kwingeniso eqhelekileyo, eyimfuneko evela ekuqhubeni kweshishini elithile. Ubukhulu bale nzuzo buxhomekeke kwingeniso elahlekileyo, oko kukuthi, umoya woshishino loomashishini kunye nezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa izicelo ezinkulu.

3. U qoqosho. Oku kubhekisela kummahluko phakathi kweendleko zezoqoqosho, ezibandakanya iingeniso eziqhelekileyo kunye nemali engenayo. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yinzuzo enkulu.

4. U qoqosho. Kuthe malunga nenani lentengo yezoqoqosho kunye neziqhelekileyo. Le nto ayikho njengeyokuqala kwinkqubo yokuhambisa nokusetyenziswa kweenzuzo zenkampani.

5. Ukunika ingxelo. Okubalwe ngolu hlobo: kufuneka ukhuphe kwimali engenayo iindleko ezicacileyo zithengiweyo (imvelaphi yangaphandle). Kodwa ukuba lolu hlobo lwenzuzo luza kuthatha iindleko ezizeleyo, umphumo uya kuba yinzuzo yentengo yezoqoqosho.