Ingcuka edyojiweyo. Inkcazelo, indawo

E Afrika, kukho umhambi ongenamava babonisele iingozi ezininzi yonke indawo. Le ilizwekazi umiwe zizilwanyana ezahlukeneyo, ngalo kubhetele ukuba ukuhlangabezana yedwa. Yinto nje iingonyama, iingwenya, iingcuka, leengwenkala, imikhombe, iindlovu ezihlasela kodwa. Ebusuku, la marhamncwa bathanda luyasebenza, kwaye yeha umhambi lowo babengenalo ixesha liyibhangise Mtheza enkulu Stock kunye iinkuni ebusuku.

ingcuka edyojiweyo - ummeli inkulu ezincancisayo ngokudla. Oku kakhulu ubonakalisa yonke imikhwa, iimpawu kunye nesakhiwo, ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zilwanyana. ubude Body yaseHyena ezirhwexu uvela cm 95 ukuya 166, umsila - ukususela cm-26 ukuya ku-36, kwaye libunile ukuphakama - malunga nama-80 cm.

Olu hlobo, nangona ubungakanani omncinane, Noko ke, kuyingozi ebantwini, ingakumbi pack. Le utshaba unobungcwangu kakhulu. Kulile ezingcitha - kuphela ezanyisayo yabo imihlathi bayakwazi ukwenza uxinzelelo kakhulu (kg-50 ukuya kuma-70 cm nganye.). Ke kulula zonakalisa amathambo imvubu. leengcuka ezingcitha zidweliswe kwiNcwadi oluBomvu. Bahlala endle kunye neminyaka 25 ekuthinjweni - ukuya ku amane.

Le Indawo leengcuka ezingcitha - Wild Afrika

Olu hlobo ezidla zingafunyanwa kuphela e-Afrika. Indawo oqhelekileyo leengcuka nezirhwexu - wonke ummandla sub-Saharan Africa. Oku ikakhulu emzantsi mpuma Afrika, kufuphi Cape of Good Hope, xa komgodi Ngorongoro, eKenya, aseSerengeti, Botswana kunye Namibia.

Wild Afrika utyebile entlango, ehlathini namageduka, kodwa nezirhwexu akukho leengcuka musa zenzeke. Indawo oluthandayo yokuhlala - le Amathafa. Ezi izilwanyana ezinobungozi kakhulu namanye amalungu iintlobo zabo, ngoko ke idla aphoswe ngaphandle nenemizila ezihlasela brown kumakhaya abo ezihlalweni zabo.

Yintoni na ke ingcuka ezirhwexu

Abameli olu hlobo babe bhuqe esibanzi lwabamnyama ongathi inja, ngeendlebe ajikelezayo. Xa leengcuka ezirhwexu na enamandla kakhulu, emva izidanga, ngemilenze elifutshane ngaphambili. Nangona ukuphakama ngokungalinganiyo imilenze, leengcuka unako ukufikelela ngesantya ukuya kuma-65 km / h. Imilenze ezizingelayo tetradigitate inzipho arhoxe. Xa leengcuka ezisebenzayo lokunyathela phezu ezinzwaneni. izilwanyana ezinoboya mfutshane, ngaphandle ngoboya ngasemva kunye entanyeni, bakha isingci.

umbala

ingcuka edyojiweyo ineenketho eziliqela ukuze imibala. Kunokuba ibe mnyama okanye ukukhanya. IMbasa umbala - emthubi-brown kunye namabala amnyama okanye ukukhanya emdaka emzimbeni. Le isicheme omnyama, emva intloko unalo nombala bubomvu. omdaka Head, ngaphandle amabala. imilenze izitho ngokundibamba hina. Umsila - amdaka icebiso omnyama.

izwi

Hyena nezirhwexu, ishicilela 11 ezahlukeneyo Imiqondiso odiyo. A bhombolozani elide, ngakumbi njenge "kohlekayo", ezi zilwanyana kusetyenziswa kwakhona xa kuqhagamshelwana nabanye. Ngethuba uyamlwela edliwe bona "phayaa", "wahleka", apple ukhwaze. Iyalila kunye imikhwazo ezisetyenziswa yokubingelela.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, xa isandi ngumhlambi amadoda wakuphendula kunqabile okanye kamva wakhala-, kunye nemiqondiso anikwe iimazi, ngoko nangoko. snarl ephantsi ebhodlayo (ngomlomo ivaliwe) ukuvakalisa ndlongo. High "wahleka" ngathi clucking, epapashwe yimincili okanye ingozi (umzekelo, xa jaha ingcuka). Loud yaye zinzulu amarhamncwa eshukuma apple sebenzisa ukuhlasela kunye ukuzithethelela, njengoko isisongelo. Xa Lion ingcuka buhlangula Imiqondiso amanye elikhulu snarl eliphantsi.

Isigaba kwizikolo

leengcuka Wild kuhlala iziduko matriarchal, kwimimandla ukuya macala 1,800. km. Xa imihlambi kukho ukwehla engqongqo. Iimazi babe ngabantu abakwizihlalo lawula phezu besini esahlukileyo. Kule meko kukho therebetween ukwahlukana olongezelelweyo. Abadala eliyinhloko. Baya kuqala yityani, ukuphumla phambi emhadini, ukhule inzala ngakumbi. Abasetyhini yobume esezantsi pack musa ukufumana la malungelo, kodwa abe phakathi weqela legunya.

Iinkunzi ukulidla kwinqwanqwa liphantsi. Ngelo xesha linye wabuye wabona ukwahlukana efanayo. Xa abantu abadala ukufikelela phambili nabasetyhini. Sekunjalo, sonke ukubonisa ukuthobela eqhelekileyo kwezinye i sex. Ngokuba amadoda nokuzalana badla udibanise izibawu ezintsha.

Phakathi leengcuka ezirhwexu kukho rhoqo imfazwe inter-clan for yokuhlala. Imida yommandla uhlala isimo zezi kwiintshaba ilindle ebezahlukene netuwa ezimpundu namadlala odorous. Inani elinye clan besukelana kubantu-10 ukuya 100.

umthondo

ingcuka edyojiweyo na esini ezizodwa. Zonke iimazi unawo umzimba ngokohlobo incanca. Ukwahlula besini lezilwanyana kunokuba ube oqeqeshiweyo nonamava kuphela. nobufazi zifana amalungu eyindoda. Le ikhozo sifana kakhulu lobudoda. Ngaphantsi oko samatyhalarha. Clit nge ilungu eyipasile lomsele enzala.

Izitha nezirhwexu ezihlasela

La marhamncwa baye "Somandla" ukuba zingasondeli. Lions ezihlasela zisoloko bekhuphisana. Le umzabalazo kuthatha iintlobo maxa wambi ukhohlakele. Kanye leengcuka kuhlasela amathole kancinane, yaye zidla ngokubulala abantu abadala, bagule. Ukuphendula, Lions bambulale ingcuka. Imfazwe phakathi kwiintshaba uya ukutya. Lions ezihlasela zidla ndamgxotha nganye enye evela kwimveliso. Uloyiso iya abaninzi ngakumbi "lamabutho."

Zonke ezirhwexu feed ingcuka

Ezi izilwanyana ukhetho kakhulu ukutya. Kodwa ukutya ephambili ukuba leengcuka - nenkqo. Bayakwazi zingela uyidle inyama, fresh, kodwa musa eya imizimba zezilwanyana, yaye maxa wambi nidle izalamane. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ezi zilwanyana ziphuhliswa kakhulu umhlathi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, leengcuka zinomchokose ziyidle yonke ilungu lomzimba yemveliso, eshiya lobuqu kancinane. Le ithuba kufezeka ngenxa kwinkqubo yahlukileyo yokusila, kwakunye ekhuthele kakhulu juice esiswini.

Yintoni badle ingcuka? Wildlife uye wadala i "abongikazi" ezizodwa. La marhamncwa uyakwazi ukuqonda yonke into - ulusu, amathambo, iimpuphu, iimpondo, amazinyo, iinwele kunye ngendle. Konke oku zifunxe esiswini iintsuku. La marhamncwa ukondla izilwanyana ezifileyo, ezo ibolile phantse ngokupheleleyo.

Nakuba kunjalo, ama-50% yabo ekutyeni edyojiweyo leengcuka imizimba ziquka ungulate (lomkhombe, neqwarha, Ibhadi, neula, njalo njalo. D.). Ezidla bedla izilwanyana ezigulayo nabadala. Baya kudla imivundla, leencanda, namabhadi, warthogs kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezininzi. Umzekelo, ipakethi leengcuka badle iingxilimbela enje njenge indlulamthi, lomkhombe kunye imvubu.

ukuzingela

La marhamncwa ukulondoloza igama kwezilwanyana bubugwala, nangona oko akunjalo. Ngokutsho izifundo ezininzi kuqhutywa, leengcuka - abazingeli kakhulu, abanezo kule neengonyama art. Ezi scavengers kakhu- ebusuku. Xa ekhangela ingcuka ukutya bahambe imigama emide - up ayi-70 ngosuku. Emini uzingela alufane, wakhetha ukuya ukuphumla emthunzini okanye lulele amanzi emanzini.

ezihlasela Ukuzingela vymatyvanii imveliso elide run. Ezi amarhamncwa ukubaleka umgama omkhulu. Xa abambe ngayo imveliso, ezindidlayo igazi kwemithambo enkulu phezu ngeenyawo. Kulile musa ngokuzikhama amaxhoba abo, njengamanye ezizingelayo ezininzi, nkqu baqale inyama ophilayo.

Hunting kwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. In amancinci-Ibhadi ngaphandle zibangele, neula - amaqela amancinane zezilwanyana-3 ukuya kwemi-4. Ukuzingelwa ayikhuphi izandi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kaninzi - "kohlekayo", ajike abe ebhomboloza elide.

Nge ingqondo kwawo kwancamisa ivumba, leengcuka Afrika bayakwazi ukuba asijoje nenkqo ukusuka kumgama ozikilometa ngaphezulu kwe-4. Kuba ekuzingeleni abayisebenzisayo emehlweni nokuva. Nangona imfazwe banaphakade kunye iingonyama, leengcuka chola amaxhoba yabo ayikwazi, ukuba wesilisa omdala ekhona wekampu yotshaba.

irhamncwa ezirhwexu Afrika - ukuba sisilwanyana emangalisayo. Hyena kwezinye imikhwa e lavaka zabo, apho acacisa ngokupheleleyo ukuqapha. Yena ubundlongondlongo akalalelanga. Ukuba ingcuka olambileyo, liyakwazi ukuqwenga izilwanyana elikhulu. Ekuzingeleni izama ukusebenzisa amandla akhe amakhulu le imihlathi, ngokubaleka olukhawulezayo ferocity. ingcuka Belambile kwaye ukuhlasela abantu. Ngaloo ndlela sinamandla kangangokuba umzimba womntu uyakwazi ukwenza lula kwaye Phalani yedwa.

buphindwe

Ukuzalela i ingcuka ezirhwexu isebenzisa Usana ezinye izilwanyana okanye nemiqolomba ezincinane. Amathole, nangona ndlongondlongo yakhe, akabi adle. Ukunyuka yobubi ngenxa isiqulatho aphezulu i hormone androgen. Kodwa olu phawu siyinikwe ngemvelo ukukhusela inzala ezingamantombazana nga ukukhusela kwalusa amathole azo, oya kufikelela ukuqola ngokwesondo kuphela iminyaka emi-3.

Inzalo livela phambi kokuqala ngexesha leemvula. Hatching iimazi abaselula abamalunga nama-100 iintsuku. Enye inkunkuma kungaba abantwana ukuya ku amane ngexesha. Ukukhanya zivela sele abanorhatyazo kwaye kukuva elungileyo. Emva kweenyanga ezi-3, iintsana sele ubunzima ngaphezu kwama-14 kg.

Ukuba gay oselula, phantse ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa uqalisa umzabalazo kufa phakathi kwabo. Kuyi- ingcuka ukondla abantwana babo kunye nobisi phezu konyaka, kodwa ke oko akuthethi ukuthintela ulutsha ukuqala ukuzingela okunesondlo kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi.

Inzuzo yobume ezihlasela

ukulidla enye yeendawo eziphambili ekugcinweni eziphila Amathafa ezi zilwanyana. Oku wemvelo "abongikazi". Bona babulala kunyaka ngamnye phantse-12% of wildebeest kwi Serengetti, ukuvumela Azityi ukugcina lexinene ngohlobo lwazo phakathi kwaleyo ufanele. Ngokomthetho ukufumana izilwanyana ezindala okanye abagulayo edyojiweyo ezihlasela amazinyo.