"Russian Arctic" ipaka yesizwe (kummandla Arkhangelsk)

Russian North - ummandla ingafikeleleki kwaye kancinane bafunda. Noko ke, akaze uyayeka ukutsala ngobungangamela yayo. umhlaba eziKhuselekileyo Karelia, Obonezhie, Vologda adinga ukhuseleko kunye nokhathalelo. National Park "Russian Arctic" kujongwe ukuba yokulondoloza ubutyebi bendalo kunye nezenkcubeko kwiindawo kuphela i-North Russian.

Ipozeshini "Russian Arctic"

Ukuze uqonde ukuba amandla ka eRussia Arctic, ukulondoloza uhlobo olulodwa North kunye nophando-1999, neerhuluneli yentlanganiso lommandla Arkhangelsk kwagqitywa ukuba aququzelele i "Russian Arctic" ipaki yesizwe. wobunye olucwangcisiweyo iinkqubo zendalo kwi Victoria Island kuLwandle Barents, ngomhla Frantsa Iosifa Land and Novaya Zemlya emntla. kwiminyaka eli-10 kamva, V. Putin iye yayalela ukusekwa 'Russian Arctic "ipaki yesizwe. Intsimi yale paka iquka iziqithi ezininzi eziKhuselweyo, kuzo ngayo. Gemskerk ngayo. Loshkin ngayo. North, Orange Island. Le ndawo iyonke "Russian Arctic" - macala 1.5 million hectares: uninzi kumaqweqwe amanzi (malunga 790 hectares).

Reserve "Franz Josef Land"

Enye yezona iinkalo ezininzi yomntla ihlabathi na Franz Josef Land, i Nqabakazi enyanisweni ezikufutshane "Russian Arctic". Of ekhuselweyo umhlaba leziqithi zivela-1994, xa kwamiselwa kaRhulumente Nature Reserve "Franz Josef Land". Nature Reserve, ukhuselo apho i 'Russian Arctic ", walibumba ukuba kulondolozwe uhlobo acwengileyo, ngesisombululo iingxaki zokusingqongileyo, yokuzala resource. Umsebenzi obalulekileyo ukukhusela izilwanyana zasekuhlaleni kwimpembelelo yabantu.

Emasimini lencinibakazi kumiwa hi amabhere, nto leyo kwakulula ukuba iziko wenzala wadalwa ngokwemvelo. isilo solwandle esinamabamba amade rookeries bahlale ezindaweni enkulu kulo myezo. Kwiziqithi kunye Appolonova Stolichka ungabona kunqabile Atlantic isilo solwandle esinamabamba amade rookery. Kukho ngamathanga intaka ezininzi.

Le microclimate unique

"Russian Arctic" (National Park, kummandla Arkhangelsk), kukho microclimate ekhethekileyo. Park indawo yokuqala. Kwesifo kunye enolwandle ngeenxa zombini Arctic: i Barents kunye Kara. Kule nxalenye kumzantsi-ntshona woLwandle Barents usoloko ezamahala ice, uLwandle Kara, ngokuchaseneyo, akuthethi ngumkhenkce kuphela ihlobo kufutshane emilonyeni yemilambo. Loo msebenzi wendalo kudala microclimate ezizodwa epakini, apho kukho iintlobo enjalo zezilo, apho kungekho naziphi na ummandla Arctic.

kulona

"Russian Arctic" - ipaka yesizwe, abemi esisigxina apho encinane kakhulu. Kukho 11 kuphela iintlobo zezilwanyana, kodwa ezikhethekileyo bonke. Inkoliso yabo zifumaneka kwi-Red Book of Russia: i-Atlantic isilo solwandle esinamabamba amade kunye novozemelny adle, umnenga bowhead kunye ibhere elimhlophe, narwhal kunye Minke Minke. Le park ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni i Kara-Barents abemi ibhere elimhlophe. Imimandla park kumathafa ahlale iimpungutye (nasezintabeni eyomileyo) kunye Lemmings (kufutshane amanzi).

"Russian Arctic" - into ebalulekileyo indawo yokuhlala bowhead iminenga, Spitsbergen abemi balo. Ngenkulungwane yama-20, le esanyisayo ezinqabileyo sele kwabeka yokutshabalala. Ngoku abantu liyenyuka. Amanzi onxweme ezi ezincancisayo ezifana zaselwandle njenge elineentshebe, itywina nelekitare, itywina engqongwe, Atlantic isilo solwandle esinamabamba amade, itywina, narwhal.

le avifauna

Le avifauna yale paka yeyona inkulu Russian North. Iimeko kwintsimi ezilungileyo yokuhlala isigxina ngamaxesha kunye yokwakha. Kukho ukutya ngokwaneleyo, ingakumbi ngexesha efudumeleyo, zininzi iindawo ngokulungiselela ezi zokuhlala, akukho phantse akukho ngamarhamncwa. Rock Ptarmigan na emhlabeni, nefubesi nekhephu. Elunxwemeni enamatye siqithi yokwakha guillemots, guillemots polar, auk, Kittiwake Common nengabangaba emhlophe, usodolophu kunye nezinye iintlobo zeentaka. Ekubeni zonke iintlobo abameli avifauna kwamanani ezahlukeneyo kunqabile ukuzinza kunye. auk Little zihlala kwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni kwaye ubashiye nkqu kule ndlwana. Guillemots, phezu koko, elunxwemeni kuphela yentaka, nabo bonke abanye ixesha abalichitha elwandle, njengoko ama, kittiwakes. Ezidla oosodolophu kunye skuas ukuhlala kufutshane yokwakha nyoni enkulu ngokubakhonza ukutya.

National Park "Russian Arctic" (Arkhangelsk) nomtsalane iintaka zifuduka. Baya kuza bevela kumazwe emazantsi entwasahlobo ekuqaleni, ngexesha lokukhwela. Zonke passerines, ngaphandle buntings ikhephu zizinto zifuduka. Nombala kwaMagwangqa, eLapland Bunting, isitovu, thinta sidanise yentaka ingca eyomileyo phantsi Emingculubeni ezibandayo. Osapho amadada , kakhulu, imelwe 'Russian Arctic ", kukho iintlobo-12. Kunye nezinye iintaka amatsha ke indlu zimfimfithe emachibini Arctic nemilambo. NgoSeptemba okukuyo amantshontsho butho iya ku kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo.

ezililifa zenkcubeko nezembali

National Park "Russian Arctic" - indawo kunye nembali kunye nenkcubeko lemveli okhethekileyo. Apha izinto ekujoliswe ukuba abe neentlobano kokufunyanwa kwimbali Arctic. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwiinkulungwane 11-12 kwi kummandla epakini lwenziwa okuloba, ndaya kuzingela ngenxa isilo solwandle esinamabamba amade ngenxa amabamba azo, iimpungutye polar ngenxa uboya zabo ezizodwa, iintaka kunye neentsiba ezinqabileyo. Umlawuli yokuqala yaseYurophu abo bafikelela New Umhlaba, yaba eliNgesi Hyu Uillobi. inqanawa yakhe ngo-1553 waya kukhangela ukuba sicatshulwa engasemntla ukusuka eYurophu ukuya eTshayina. Ukufikelela Novaya Zemlya ngezantsi uze wenze kunqumama emlonyeni lomlambo Varzina, yalila yonke wabulawa phantsi kweemeko twisisaka, mhlawumbi yi-carbon monoxide. esasihamba Dutch Famous Willem Barents ngenkulungwane ye-16 emva kwexesha wayenza uMhlaba oMtsha. Yena uqubha kufuphi nonxweme esemantla Novaya Zemlya, ubusika esiqithini kunye aba belungu bayehluthe kubo. Kwi imbuyekezo indlela Explorer ezinokhwekhwe abagulela ukufa. Eli qela wabuyela ekhaya ngokuqwalasela zexabiso zenzululwazi.

Umlawuli lokuqala Russian, waya Earth New, waba Fedor Rozmyslov. Akuba echithe malunga nonyaka hambo, apho wathabatha amanqaku, ezichaza indawo kunye neempawu zayo, olwenziwe Imigqaliselo zemozulu kunye neenkonzo ucando. crew akhe afikelela emlonyeni Matochkina Bowl kwaye kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele Arkhangelsk. Ekuveleni kweyama-19 kunye 20 Novaya Zemlya leziqithi waqalisa ukutyelela rhoqo, ingakumbi ngabaphandi Russian. Ngowe-1909, uVladimir Rusanov, esasihamba Russian, wenza inkcazo yokuqala ebalulekileyo zokuzoba woMhlaba Entsha. Kumaxesha Soviet, ngomhla ummandla epakini leyo izifundo ezahlukeneyo wenziwe.

Okwangoku, eco-tourism iyakhula apha. Nabani na ndwendwela i 'Russian Arctic "ipaki yesizwe. Iifoto neevidiyo kungenziwa cruisers iibhodi okubangelwa Murmansk, kwaye ngexesha Zase ezininzi emideni iziqithi.