Indlela ukuxuba le isinqandi (mxube)? Inyathelo ngu step guide

Kukho ezininzi ezahlukeneyo anti-ngumkhenkce. Zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke unokuba iipropati ezithile. Iziphepha zokupheka ngokukhawuleza kulwelo, kwaye ikwazi ukumisa kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.

Kwezithako ifakiwe ukwakhiwa refrigerant okanye iinkqubo zokufudumeza fluid, oko kuchaphazela iminyaka yabo yokuphila. Kwakhona kubalulekile echanekileyo yokusebenzisa iimveliso ezinjalo. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka uyazi ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano indlela isinqandi (mxube). Kukho indlela ethile ekufuneka ilandelwe ekuqhubeni imisebenzi enjalo. Emva mxube isinqandi ekujongwe ukuba exutywe ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise.

iimpawu ngokubanzi

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nokubanda ezisetyenziswa iiyunithi amandla amaninzi kunye neenkqubo. Ezi izinto bayakwazi ukukhusela inkqubo esuka nobushushu okanye ebandayo. Zisetyenziswa kushishino lweemoto, kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza, iinkqubo zokupholisa, kunye nezinye izinto.

abenzi abaninzi kakhulu ukuvelisa isinqandi ngohlobo imixutywa ekufuneka sobisi ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kuya kuthoba ubushushu crystallization i ukwimo. Ngoko ke, ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano indlela isinqandi mxube kufuneka uyazi phambi kokuba usebenzise iziyobisi.

Ubume be-ulwelo ezininzi zibandakanya ethylene okanye propylene ethers. Abavelisi kwakhona elongeze ukwakhiwa loo ongeziweyo ezahlukileyo ukuphucula ukusebenza nezityalo ukuthintela ukugxagxiseka zabo. Bakhusele inkqubo nxamnye ngokudleka nokuphucula banxibe ukungawi imiphezulu zangaphakathi.

Imfuneko yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano i emelana

On sale kukho iintlobo ezimbini nokubanda. Oku kuba mxube, okanye ekulungele-to-ukusetyenziswa arhente. Imfuneko yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano le isinqandi ngamanzi ilele iimpahla zazo Ukupholisa eliphezulu-grade.

Ukuba refrigerant kusetyenziswa ngexesha ashushu, amanzi avela umxube uya emoyeni ngokukhawuleza, lo mxube mnye uya kuhlala ngaphakathi kwinkqubo. Its ethers ethylene wabavoti woluntu kuya kuchaphazela kakubi iinxalenye nkqubo.

Ukutshiswa amafutha kwi injini lwenzeka kubushushu ngentla degrees 2100. Akukho iindawo okupholisa kwanyanzeleka wotha kangangoko eyayiza ngaphezu obushushu umbundu ucinezelo zeoli. Zonke iindawo desensitised bubudala ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano indlela isinqandi (mxube) kufuneka zisonjululwe ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo lomenzi. injini ngokugqithiseleyo inawo amandla yingozi. Ngoko ke, lo unyango ubushushu eziyimfuneko ukugcina degrees 85-95.

Kuba iinkqubo zokufudumeza kukwabalulekile ukuba ingagqithi imida vaporization. Ngoko, ehleli imida obushushu ephezulu izinto ezifana nalo kwi 95 degrees.

ukusebenza apholisayo

Ukuze ngokufanelekileyo ukuxuba le isinqandi ukuba injini yesithuthi okanye amaphiko, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela kumda crystallization amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kweziyobisi.

Ukuze kulwelo akuthethi ngumkhenkce kwiqondo degrees -30 kuhlanganiselo iimveliso ezininzi ziye zimelwe uhlobo ethylene ethers. Xa entle ingxengelelwe ngamanzi kunokwenzeka ukufezekisa siqala isalathisi crystallization ngama -36.

Ukuba lobushushu eliphantsi kakhulu, ulwelo luba viscous kwaye umonakalo injini okanye radiator. Ukuze uqonde ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano njani isinqandi ukufudumeza, thelekisa imiyalelo ekwibhokisi. Ukuba a ukufudumeza yabucala ikhaya liya kwenzeka cima ikhompyutha olungxamisekileyo kwenkqubo zokufudumeza akayi kuvumela imibhobho iinyembezi ulwelo ukusuka ephantsi kakhulu lobushushu.

zinendlela abilayo

Ukongeza isiphumo Ukupholisa ulwelo kunokukhusela isizukulwana kakhulu umphunga. Kwakhona kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba ufunde imiyalelo, ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano njani kakuhle nokubanda.

Ukuba inkqubo overheats, ukusebenza kwayo kuya kuba nzima. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwanasemva kokuba niziphozisayo, amalungu ayo awukwazi ukusebenza kakuhle ngenxa yokulimala kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba iimeko ezinjalo kufuneka baqonde ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano njani kakuhle isinqandi imoto okanye inkqubo ukufudumeza.

Okuqukiweyo izinto ulwelo kwaye additive ukwenza Ungeno nokubilisa eliphezulu kakhulu kwamanzi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba le isinqandi ehlotyeni ngokukhawuleza baphekela kude, kwaye inkqubo ubushushu akukho shushu ngokugqithisileyo ebusika.

Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo nokubanda kunye nabavelisi baso

Ukuze ukwazi ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano njani kakuhle isinqandi (mxube) of yemiyinge ezifana "Kostrol", "Shell", "zinendlela-Udibaniso" kunye nabanye, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo iklasi bolwelo.

Ukuba lo G11 nokubanda, umbala wayo oluhlaza, bhlowu, green ukukhanya. Ubomi inkonzo iimveliso ezifana asidluli iminyaka emi-3. Substances ilebhile g12, g12-Plus abomvu,-orenji, idayi emfusa. Abayi azinamgaqo silicates, ebangela iinkqubo nerusi. kwezithako zabo ukwandisa ubomi wenkonzo kweziyobisi ukuya kwiminyaka esi-7.

iiklasi G11 kunye g12 ayikwazi ukuxutywa kunye nabanye. Bathi sisincoko eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Kuphela zinendlela g12-plus uyakwazi ukuba zongezwe zombini ezi ntlobo mxube.

Kubavelisi kakhulu ethandwa, ngokutsho ncomo ze abathengi namhlanje iintlobo ezifana Mobil, ZIC, Shell, "zinendlela-Udibaniso", "Castrol". Isinqandi (mxube) bungxengwe apho nganye kufuneka ukuba umqhubi, sobisi kuhle ngamanzi.

amanzi ukuxutywa

Ukuze ukuxuba le nokubanda nje ukuzikisa bagqiba ulwelo ezifanelekileyo ezizodwa amanzi enkolo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ezi njongo ukusebenzisa kwikhemesti hlobo. Ingakumbi musa ukusebenzisa amanzi etephini okanye emilanjeni, emachibini, amaqula njalo-njalo. D.

into engafanelekanga ziya iqanjwa neetyuwa kwezimbiwa. izinto ezinjalo baya asebenzise iFomu A umhlwa.

Ukuba isigqibo sokuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano indlela isinqandi ngamanzi, ukuba ulwelo ezizodwa alukho, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubhenela kwenye indlela. amanzi etephini abaqhelekileyo kufuneka iphekiweyo malunga umlilo isiqingatha seyure. Oku kuya ukuyisusa lokuphazamisa kwinkqubo eziphathekayo.

Abanye abenzi bathi iimveliso zabo bamba amanzi njengesiqhelo. Kulula ukuba bajonga ngokugalela isinqandi ibe lulwelo efanayo. Emva kweeyure ezingama-48, khangela iziphumo. amanzi anodaka , okanye ubukho yodaka lubonisa imfuneko yokusebenzisa i distillate.

Kukhethwa ukuzikisa

Xa isigqibo ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano njani isinqandi kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza, iimoto kunye nezinye iinkqubo, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo lobushushu operation engamanzi.

mxube Eqhelekileyo uba qhwa degrees -65. Kubomi zesiqhelo, le meko ayifikelelekanga. Ngoko ke, kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo.

1. Yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano mxube distillate xa om-1: 1. Oku kuya kwandisa lobushushu crystallization ukuya degrees -40. Kwanele ukuba nkqu nobusika ngqwabalala.
2. Ukuba nokubanda uthathe iilitha ezi-2 kunye neelitha ezi-3 zamanzi, ubushushu neGauteng ukuba banyukele degrees -30.
3. Ingxenye 1: 2 ukunika lulwelo kumda crystallization degrees -20. Kuxhomekeka imozulu anenkululeko, unga khetha enye ngeendlela ezintathu.

Akufanele ukuba kube nzima kakhulu yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano lo mxube. Oku kuya kunciphisa isiphumo kwezithako kwaye kwehlisa umgangatho yamanzi.

Inyathelo ngu step guide

Ukuze uqonde ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano njani isinqandi (mxube), uze endaweni ngayo kule nkqubo, kufuneka babenolwazi imiyalelo replacement stepwise.

Okokuqala, lo zinendlela endala kufuneka kuhluzwe. Ukuze wenze oku, ukhulule isiciko radiator uze uwutshise vana ezantsi. Le nkqubo ke akuhlanjwanga ngamanzi enkolo. Ukuze ukumnika ukusebenza kancinci uze uwutshise engamanzi inkunkuma.

Emveni kwezi zazo ukuba ukongeza sobisi kakuhle emelana mxube. Ukuze wenze oku kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo izindululo ezidweliswe apha ngentla. Ehlotyeni, kufuneka amanzi amaninzi ukuze gcwalisa. Kodwa ebusika izinga crystallization kwezinto ezinjalo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe degrees -20.

Ekubeni ngomsebenzi ngeteknoloji, ukuba yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano njani isinqandi (mxube), indawo ulwelo elitsha inkunkuma akuthathi kakhulu. Ukwenza ngokungqinelana nesikhokelo ngasentla, uyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokusebenza kwayo ixesha elide.