Izimbo zomzimba - le yindlela ekhethekileyo yokunxibelelana nehlabathi ngaphandle

Yimidlalo luhlobo ezizodwa zobugcisa, ngendlela ekhethekileyo yokunxibelelana nehlabathi ngaphandle kunye nabanye abantu. Iguqulwe evela ulwimi lesiGrike , eli gama lithetha "lowo ebonisa zonke". Ngaloo ndlela, a izimbo zomzimba - uhlobo yokusebenza wokubonelwa, apho intsingiselo esisiseko kwesiganeko sisasazwa izijekulo, hayi amagama.

Imvelaphi yobuciko "cwaka"

Kwakukho onjalo ubugcisa kumaxesha amandulo yaba yinxalenye izithethe zobuhedeni kunye nezithethe. Yimidlalo Ithiyetha Wabonakala uBukhosi baseRoma ngexesha loMhlekazi. Kamva, kumaxesha ziinkathazo kumaxesha, ibandla lakuphelisa yimidlalo, kodwa yokugqibela ziqhubekile ukubakhona kwi ubugcisa eziphekuziweyo jugglers, mimes, neseemvumi, nesabagwali, ezizihiba.

ngexesha layo, le fomu zobugcisa lifikelele Renaissance ukuya commedia dell'arte ngcono, xa ngezenzo abajikelezayo abadlali Italian. I indawo yimidlalo lokuqala - olu thando (ikhaya) melodrama, Arlequin, leyo ngenkulungwane ye-19 yaba uhlobo oluthandayo lwe yeqonga-weminquba France.

Inkundla kukanye

Njengoko kumabala emidlalo ballet yimidlalo wabonakala kuqala ngo-1702 e-eLondon Drury Lane Theatre. Kuyo ngenkulungwane ye-18, oko kwenziwa ibe kuqale ebudeni zekhefu of zikwenza kubonakale ngathi kunye iintlekele. Njengoko dance yaba yinxalenye idrama yimidlalo ballet JJ Nover.

Njengoko inani pop separate "sisidenge" Indawo eli abasaphuhlayo kwiiholo umculo kunye nakumaqonga eYurophu thumbnails kwi kwenkulungwane ye-19. Kamva kwabakho kwisikolo yimidlalo e Marseille, elikhokelwa L. nguyá. Kuba okokuqala eqongeni amagqabi yeqonga zolinganiso eLondon, apho ekugqibeleni uya kufumana udumo ehlabathini lonke, best eliqhula uhlobo cwaka Charles Chaplin. E eJamani, le fomu art eganiweyo M. Reinhardt.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-20 ubonakala yimidlalo nganto - uhlobo webali usebenzisa azikho kwa-ukubakho, izinto ecingelwayo. MIME imihla yethu kufuneka kakuhle emzimbeni wakho. Kufuneka ube jikelele: a juggler, i-Acrobat, a weqonga usinga kwaye ngexesha elinye ukuqonda ngokugqibeleleyo ulwimi ballet. Nangona mime elungileyo - isikakhulu sobulumko, uyakwazi ukubeka izimo ezithile, iingcinga kunye neemvakalelo zabanye abantu usebenzisa izimbo yedwa.

mime

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezingundoqo yobuciko "cwaka":

- umdaniso (yavela kwi ngokwamasiko nezithethe abantu bamandulo, izizwe yobuhedeni enyanzelisa iintlanga ezininzi);

- classical (imvelaphi kunokubonwa zonwabise Greek kunye neempucuko amaRoma, oko ngemvisiswano kudityaniswe izibongo, umculo kunye neziphumo);

- acrobatic (kuquka kukhona, ukutsiba, amaqhinga ezahlukeneyo; kuthatha imvelaphi ukusuka theatre osempuma belizwe zisetyenziswa esekisini);

- ome (asetyenziswe kwi isekisi, livela nayiphi na imeko ohlekisayo, nezixhaso ezikhethekileyo inxaxheba scene).

Ukuya yimidlalo circus njengoko edabini-yokuyiphatha, zoopantomimu, amanzi kunye adventure Extravaganza ekumane isihlwele kunye neziphumo ezizodwa. Owokugqibela - elona nqanaba liphezulu zezakhono.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini olu hlobo art: yimidlalo wedwa - umsebenzi yelinye igcisa, yeqonga, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba abadlali zomanyano, usebenzisa iisethi nephepha leempendulo.

genre yimidlalo

Xa uhlobo izimbo zomzimba wayo - comedy, yintlekele Yizani idrama nentsomi okanye intsomi, iphetshana okanye ibali elifutshane, pop miniatures. Xa igama, oko kuxhomekeke bonke. Comedy luphawulwa satirical, indlela ezihlekisayo. Ungquzulwano okanye uokolie ukusombulula abalinganiswa ezithile. A eliqhula brilliant, mime lonke ixesha ukuqaphela Charles Chaplin. Ngokuba usizi, ibali kuphelela kwintlekele. Le yimidlalo kabuhlungu kukho esinzulu, ukuchazwa ephikisanayo kunye ungquzulwano.

Nentsomi kunye intsomi, njengoko umthetho, sixelele esithile ngamagorha etsomo kunye nabalinganiswa, ngokufuthi benawo kunye nokukwazi afike umlingo kunye nobugqwirha. "Cwaka" setting ukuba zibhalwe uhlobo phecana, evakalisa kuphika imigaqo ekhoyo yobomi, isakhiwo sezopolitiko lizwe, ukuze iimpawu ukuhlekwa, sesichengeni. Kwimeko komsebenzi kwinoveli ixelela mime kunye izenzo nayiphi na ibali lyrical. Kungaba mime - udlala weqonga, okanye iqela lonke mimes.

Yimidlalo eRussia

Somthi, imibhiyozo eyahlukahlukeneyo, zomkhosi, kwakunye nazo zonke iintlobo theatre Fairground kunye clowning waba imvelaphi yobuciko "cwaka" eRashiya. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 ekuqaleni kumsebenzi bhanya modernist kuvela yimidlalo ngokuphawulekayo - i "isipili agqwetha" N. Evreinov, "iinyembezi" yi K. Marzhdanova 'ibhokisi zokudlala "A. Tairov," Scharf Columbine "Meyerhold.

Imigaqo yokuqala omdala yimidlalo theatre dell'arte reinvents zifakwa kunye into entsha, ephelekwa ufundo yesihobe, umculo kunye komnyhadala. Ngeminyaka yoo-40 kwinkulungwane yama-20 le wetu ebunayo, kuba kuqala ilizwi - eqondakalayo ngakumbi kwinginginya, akunyanzelekanga ukuba inawo. Xa ekhuluma iyahlekisa circus amagumbi ithabatha indawo memes-Comique. Noko ke, kule yimidlalo ballet kutyatyamba ngokwenene. Imbonakalo horeodramy kunye drambaleta, zinto ezo zisekelwe imiboniso "cwaka", kunokuba umdaniso ecocekileyo.