Incopho izityalo amandla enyukliya, Academician Lomonosov. Incopho mveliso samandla senyukliya eCrimea. Incopho mveliso samandla senyukliya Russia

Incopho izityalo amandla enyukliya eRashiya - project of abayili zasekhaya ukudala izityalo ezisezantsi-power mobile. Uphuhliso ababandakanyekayo ombutho "Rosatom", inkampani "iBaltic Plant", "Phantsi Energy" kunye nenani neminye imibutho.

ulwazi zembali

Kumanqanaba okuqala kuphuhliso lwamashisini samandla enyukliya ingqalelo ubukhulu becala ngokunxulumene noshishino emkhosini. Noko ke, kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo iye yaba ohlawula kakuhle ngakumbi kwimithombo mobile, elungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ongaphuhliswanga ekude. Ubukhulu becala utshintsho eziphambili ngenxa yokuba uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe yenyukliya emkhosini, ukufakela zamandla kwi yomkhosi wamanzi nempahla, icebreakers, ii nkwili.

Kuba ngqa kweeyunithi eziziimobhayili baqalisa ukusebenzisa eUnited States. Bona zinika amandla ngayo iPanama Canal kunye US uphando isiseko e Antarctica.

Ngokwentelekiso kutsha eendaba babuzwe malunga lencopho mveliso samandla senyukliya eCrimea iya kufakwa khona. Imibono mba ziyahluka. Nakuba kunjalo, izicelo ezivela iqumrhu karhulumente, leyo eququzelela inkqubo, ngokumalunga nalo mba sele ingxelo. Ezinye iingcali zithi lencopho amandla enyukliya eCrimea akufuneki. Bacacisa isimo sabo ukuba ufakelo ezinjalo ziyilelwe ukusebenza kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, engavumelekanga. Peninsula unikezelo enokwenziwa nangezinye iindlela. Umzekelo, ibhulorho amandla yakhiwe evela emhlabeni nomsinga.

Industry yasekhaya

Ngokutsho inkqubo ekujoliswe federal "Energy Intaka Economy" 2002-2005 ,. de 2010, ithenda yabanjwa ngomhla ekudalweni esezantsi-amandla PAES. Phakathi-Meyi 2006, lowo uphumeleleyo yaba inkampani "Sevmash". Kunyaka olandelayo, 2007, i-Nizhny Novgorod State Technical ulawulo eyunivesithi kunye Federal Atomic Energy Agency zivumelene ukuba i-Institute iza kusebenza isiseko uqeqesho kwiyunivesithi iingcali. Ngo-2008, abaququzeleli projekthi ubhengeze ukuba yinxalenye ye-odolo iiyunithi kunye neeyunithi ziya kudluliselwa kwiBaltic zalapho. Noko ke, isityalo "Sevmash" wamemezela ukuba lencopho isityalo amandla enyukliya ziza kubekwa phezu iinyanga ezi-5 emva kokuba izicwangciso. Kule nkalo, le ndawo yokwakhela Baltic sisisiwa umyalelo ngokupheleleyo.

Qala of zokwakha

Njengoko isaziso ngo-2010, usekela intloko "Rosenergoatom" Sergey Zavyalov, lencopho isityalo yokuqala amandla enyukliya yadalwa ngokungqinelana neshedyuli. ufakelo Ukuzimisela kwacetywa ukuba ekupheleni kuka-2012, lo gama abafundi abagqibayo utyando kucingelwa ngo-2013. NgoJuni ka-2010, oko yaphehlelelwa ngomhla kweyunithi yokuqala. Kwathi kwiBaltic zalapho. Kodwa ngoxa wenkunkuma turbine kunye reactor akukasekwa. umsebenzi wofakelo bekufanele ukuba icule neyunithi amandla zokudada. NgoSeptemba 2011, isiphelo ezintle ubuchule eziphilayo lo msebenzi waba Pevek. Yena okwangoku kwinqanaba yokugwetyelwa-mali. Ekupheleni kukaSeptemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Oktobha 2013 zomphunga okuvelisa iiyunithi ezinobunzima 220 tonnes, sakhululwa kwi uyilo OKBM. Afrikantov, abantu abangeniswe kwini outfitting ukusuka slipway zesebe yesithandathu kwisityalo iBaltic. Apho, phambi "Rosenergoatom" nendwe phenyane, lolayisho kungena amagumbi reactor. Ngokungqinelana ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano, isityalo St. Petersburg kufuneka sidlule esi PEB ilungiselelwe yokuya kwindawo yokusebenza, Septemba 9, 2016 Iindaba yakutshanje lencopho isityalo samandla senyukliya ibonisa ukuba imele ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo ngo-2018.

iprojekthi engundoqo

Kuthotho izityalo mobile transportable lomongo amandla eliphantsi kucingwa ukuba ezidadayo NPP "Academician Lomonosov". amandla ayo kutsho ngaphezulu kwe-70 MW. Ufakelo iquka KLT-40 ezimbini. umyili Oyintloko JSC usebenza "OKBM. Afrikantov". Le nkampani lowo mveliso enkulu kunye umthengisi kwezixhobo izityalo reactor. Ngokukhethekileyo iquka iimpompo, oomatshini amafutha yokuphatha, MI CPS, oomatshini abangabancedani njalo njalo. Incopho NPP "Academician Lomonosov" wadalwa ngokusekelwe imingcelele izixhobo ezisetyenziswa icebreakers, lubonise yokusebenza elide kwiimeko arctic.

ukuqashwa

Made ngamaziko ophando amashishini kunye "Rosatom" imisebenzi projekthi iye yabonisa indlela yokwakha ngokusekelwe sele ziphuhlisiwe imithombo reactor amandla zolwandle iklasi ngokomgangatho entsha. Baya kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amanzi desalinated, umbane, ubushushu basekhaya kunye nezoshishino. nokwanda Uqikelelo of ezidadayo amandla enyukliya ukusuka 3.5 ukuya 70 nangaphezulu MW. Bona yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixeko izibuko, amashishini amakhulu orhwebo, igesi ukuvelisa kunye izakhiwo oyile ibekwe kwindawo kwithala.

Okukodwa

Mobile NPP na stand-alone izinto. Ewe ngokupheleleyo kwindawo yokwenza nokulungisa iinqanawa komphanda self-ngokwaso. Izicwangciso Ready-yenziwa ethuthwa elwandle okanye emlanjeni ukuya kwindawo yokusebenza. Umthengi ofumana into msebenzi. Incopho izityalo amandla enyukliya ziquka uluhlu yokuhlala kunye nezibonelelo epheleleyo yokuhlala abasebenzi abathatha inxaxheba ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kolu fakelo. Ngoko ke, i mveliso kunye umthengisi ogcwalisa umyalelo 'turnkey ". Ulwakhiwo mveliso inika ukuncitshiswa ubuninzi bexesha lokwakha. Ngelo xesha Russian Incopho isityalo amandla enyukliya udibana zonke iimfuno ngamazwe umgangatho nokhuseleko.

buhle

Incopho NPP ifanele kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikude esemacaleni imilambo okanye yolwandle, kude ukususela kwiinkqubo zobonelelo engundoqo. ERashiya, oko ikakhulu eMpuma Ekude, Far North. Kule mimandla, akukho nkqubo amandla enye. Apho kuyimfuneko, kwezoqoqosho imithombo yaye iya kuqhuba oluthembekileyo ubonelelo. Okwangoku, imfuno abaninzi lwezikhululo ephantsi-amandla ixabisa kule mimandla yondele kakhulu. Kokugunyaziswa le isityalo uya kuvuselela umsebenzi kwezoqoqosho ukuqinisekisa inqanaba ngokwaneleyo wokuphila.

ukuphepha

Incopho NPP uthobela zonke iimfuno zokusingqongileyo ngamazwe. Okucebisayo amafutha ayidluli kumda zokuthobela non-ukwanda. Ekubeni ukusebenza kulindeleke kwindawo eselunxwemeni yolwandle ehlabathini, umbuzo kakhulu efanelekileyo uzinzo unit bakrotyiswe izinto kakhulu kwezendalo (neenkanyamba, iitsunami njalo njalo.).

"OKMB Afrikantov" umntu oluntsonkothileyo ubugcisa obutsha, ngenxa apho NPP ezidadayo uya ukumelana naliphi na inqanaba umthwalo olutshintshayo ecaciswe kule projekthi. Driving ufakelo kwixesha elizayo wadala nge "udini lokhuseleko" ezithile. Lidlula bomthwalo kunokwenzeka kule ndawo operation. Umzekelo, enikelweyo amathuba yempembelelo kwamaza tsunami, kungquzulwano kunye kwisibonelelo elunxwemeni okanye enye inqanawa. Emva kweminyaka 40 ukusebenza unit kwentloko yabo ezidadayo ufakelo enyukliya uya kutshintshwa kuze kufakwe omnye omtsha. Kulo mzekelo, endala ziya kubuyiselwa kwinkampani zokurisayikilishwa ubugcisa. Ngexesha ukusebenza nasemva kokuba kwisiza apho sifakelwe ezidadayo mveliso (enyukliya) kuya kubakho inkunkuma eyingozi kokusingqongileyo. Ukulungiswa kunye nokuchitha kuya kwenziwa phantsi amashishini akhoyo zesizwe ezikhethekileyo. Zikhona zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nabasebenzi abafanelekileyo bekwi.

I ingcali yenyukliya: ezidadayo izityalo amandla enyukliya. lokubamba

Okwangoku wavelisa amanqaku amaninzi kwisihloko. Uninzi lwabo ezinye kuphuhliso inani kumaziko ophando kunye nophuhliso. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-2015, wayifulela ikhonsepthi izazinzulu ukusuka Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Kukholelwa ukuba isityalo samandla senyukliya (ufakelo ifoto inokubonwa kwinqaku) ezidadayo yenye iinketho ezininzi elithembisayo kunikezelo zokuhlala, nto leyo akwanelanga lwemithombo yonxweme. I-Institute ngokudibanisa amagama amabini kakuhle-eyaziwa technology. Ngokukodwa ingqalelo uyilo lwe-reactor yenyukliya kunye neqonga oyile chibi.