Imithombo umthetho nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe. Kwinkqubo yokhuseleko nemibutho

inkqubo esemthethweni ye nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe yinxalenye shishino unxulumano mihla phakathi kwamazwe amabini. Ngezantsi kubo ithetha imithetho kunye nemigaqo elawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazwe. Iinjongo zilula, kucacile kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu - ukuthintela ukunyanzeliswa komthetho zomkhosi ungquzulwano zasekuhlaleni kunye ukuphinda kwemfazwe yehlabathi jikelele.

ubudlelwane Circle lolawulo

amalungelo nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe ezi ntlobo zilandelayo kobudlelwane:

• Intsebenziswano ukwenzela ukuthintela yemfazwe nempixano enogonyamelo. Oku kukwasebenza yolamlo ngamazwe i "sokwehlisa" zamandla eziphikisanayo.
• Ukusebenzelana enxulumene nokusekwa kweenkqubo zokhuseleko nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe.
• Ubudlelwane ukunciphisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo.

imigaqo

indlela yonxulumano ngamazwe njenge inkqubo yezomthetho eyahlukileyo inemigaqo yayo:

• Yomgaqo wolingano. Libhekisela kurhulumente njengesifundo yomthetho ngamazwe unamalungelo alinganayo kunye namanye amazwe. Intetho edumileyo kaMongameli V. V. yasePutina of Russia kule nkomfa yokhuseleko yamazwe eMunich ngo-2006, kubonisa kule nkalo. Kwaba lelo xesha ke ngumongameli Russian lowu esidlangalaleni ukuba lo mgaqo idla anyhashwe United States of America. Eli lizwe unilaterally akujongwa namanye amazwe ezizimeleyo. Lwaphula zonke izivumelwano ezikhoyo kunye namalungelo zemikhosi ukuba athathe inyathelo zomkhosi buthathaka imfazwe yaye States. Ngaphambi sonke waqonda ukunyhashwa yomgaqo wolingano, kodwa akukho bani wathi obala. Ngokwayo, urhulumente njengesifundo yomthetho ngamazwe akanawo amalungelo afanayo kunye kuphuhliswa ngakumbi namazwe ngokwezoqoqosho ayiqhelileyo imfazwe. izixhobo ezifunekayo ukuphumeza lo mgaqo. Kuphela inkqubo esebenzayo yobudlelwane bezizwe ziya nokukhusela la mazwe nokuthintela le meko eladlulayo.
• Umgaqo we inadmissibility zokwenzakalisa omnye State. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko kazwelonke nawehlabathi loyikiswa ngesenzo kwiinkxwaleko isifundo belijolise komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Akukho urhulumente akakwazi ukusebenzisa umkhosi wamajoni omnye ngaphandle kwemvume uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Imithombo komthetho nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe

Sibala kuphela eziyintloko, ngenxa yokuba ixesha elininzi ehlabathini. Nasiphi na isivumelwano mazwe phakathi kwamazwe kule ndawo iwela phantsi ingqiqo ka "umthombo umthetho nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe". Kodwa ke zezi maxwebhu alandelayo:

• Itshata yeZizwe eziManyeneyo. IZizwe Ezimanyeneyo iye nje zidalwe emva yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi ukuze kuthintelwe ungquzulwano nokusombulula zonke nakwiimpikiswano zozakuzo (uxolo) ithetha. Oku kunganxulunyaniswa nasiSigqibo UN kwiNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo. Umzekelo, "Ngomhla non-ukusebenzisa amandla kobudlelane ngamazwe kunye nokuthintelwa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya" kunye nabanye.
• izivumelwano International, leyo yahlulwe kwemiqathango ngokwamaqela ezininzi: ephethe yenyukliya iingalo ubuhlanga kunye kokuvalwa iimvavanyo nasiphi na isithuba; ngokunciphisa Kwingabula-up yazo naziphi na iintlobo kwezixhobo; Indalo kunye nokusasazwa kweentlobo ezithile kwezixhobo; esenza imfazwe asakhulayo ngengozi.
• Izenzo zamazwe imibutho yengingqi kunye nomkhosi-yezopolitiko blocs (EDO, NATO, OSCE, ico).

ukhuseleko iyasilela ngamazwe

Iziphumo ukungaphumeleli zivumelwano - inyathelo emkhosini. Ngokomthetho, banalo nkcazelo.

Imfazwe - baphendule geqe apho amandla kwenzeka therebetween isenzo (umonakalo). Kulo mzekelo onke amaqhina oonozakuzaku kunye nesivumelwano ekuqaleni irhoxisiwe.

Isimo ngokomthetho imfazwe

Kuthatha kuphela indawo ephakathi kwamazwe ezizimeleyo, ezaziwayo. Kufuneka babe status ulongamo: bani imiyalelo nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle. Oku kulandela ukuba iye kulwa lwabhalwa, ubugrogrisi, kwakunye neminye imibutho kunye namaqela ezingenawo ubume isifundo elahlukileyo komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, imfazwe akujongwa.

Iintlobo kongquzulwano ukusuka kwindawo ngokomthetho ngamazwe

Ngokusemthethweni yahlulwe iindidi ezimbini:

• Abagunyazisiweyo. Elisemthethweni. Le isimo unika kuphela ehlabathini mihla kweBhunga loKhuseleko leUN, eliquka abameli States eziliqela. NaseRussia ulandela ngokusemthethweni ye-USSR lilungu ngokusisigxina, kwaye iwise "vitho" kwi nasiphi na isigqibo.
• Engagunyaziswanga. Not ezivunywe liBhunga lezoKhuseleko UN, yaye ngoko mthethweni ngokwemimiselo nemigangatho yehlabathi, oluthi luqokelelane ukusuka kwinkqubo yokhuseleko nemibutho

Njengoko umthetho, urhulumente ukuba lasungula imfazwe unsanctioned, qaphela umhlaseli. ilizwe elo ngokuzenzekelayo ingqalelo uloyiko lokuba uluntu ehlabathini. Ngayo, yima ozakuzo, ezoqoqosho kunye nezinye bonke ubuhlobo. Umhlaseli State iba unguGxothiwe kwiipolitiki ehlabathini. Ezinye izifundo yomthetho ziyayeka ngamazwe ukusebenzisana naye kwakhona kuwa phantsi izohlwayo ezahlukeneyo. ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi ezinjalo. Umzekelo, Iraq uzibophelele uchuku Kuwait. Okanye Iran uyaphika kwisigqibo kweBhunga loKhuseleko leUN ukuba ziingcali ngamazwe amandla enyukliya endaweni yayo. Kwakhona, North Korea, nto leyo ngokusemthethweni ukususela ngowe-1950 kwimeko bokulwa South Korea, njalo njalo. D. Kodwa kukho izihlandlo xa inyathelo yasemkhosini engagunyaziswanga UN Security Council, kwaye kumazwe umhlaseli ukuba ngenene akukho imiphumela emibi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuba inzuzo nokuba yezoqoqosho senzo. Le mizekelo zinxulumene eUnited States, nto leyo wenza kuhlaselwa Iraq nxamnye sigqibo UN. Sirayeli, ngubani babulala logwayimbo emkhosini nxamnye Libya. It nje uthi kwinkqubo yokhuseleko nemibutho ezayo iziphene. Kwihlabathi kukho umgaqo-nkqubo nemigangatho kabini, xa ikhomishini omnye kunye nentshukumo efanayo izifundo ezahlukeneyo yomthetho ngamazwe waba nje eyahlukileyo. Le nto ibandakanya kukwaphula umgaqo ukulingana kwenkqubo yokhuseleko esihlanganyelweyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunyukeni lweengxabano, ukuba bathethe nemeko yamandla.

"Impucuko" ulwa imfazwe

Imfazwe ngokwemvelo yawo amanwele kunye ayamkelekanga. Uze ube ngogqibeleleyo ukuze umntu ongazange wambona wakhe. Kodwa ke nangona yonke inkohlakalo imfazwe, uluntu ivumile ukuba aqhube "nempucuko" indlela yayo, ngaphandle kokuba kugunyaziswe ukubulala mass na ukubizwa. Ezi iindlela kuqala isiwe kwiNdibano Hague ngo-1907. Iingcali babesele kwakufanekisela Ubunzima kwiimfazwe zehlabathi eyophula yonke imigaqo yomthetho ngamazwe.

imithetho ezintsha zemfazwe

Ngokutsho Convention Hague kubekho iinguqulelo ezininzinzi kweli indlela esemthethweni imfazwe:

• vula olugunyazisiweyo, declaration ongunozakuzaku imfazwe noxolo phakathi kwamazwe.
• Ihambo impi kuphela "ukuba" izixhobo. Kunye nophuhliso lobugcisa kuwa phantsi ukuvalwa zonke izakhiwo ezitsha kunye ezintsha. Namhlanje, ukuba enyukliya, hydrogen,, izixhobo bacteriological yamachiza, iziqhushumbisi cluster, kunye iimbumbulu edubulayo xa idibene kwiziko abafudukayo womxhuzulane, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezibangela ukubandezeleka sisiphango ezibanzi ukutshatyalaliswa umphakathi.
• Ukuqaliswa ibanjwa ubume imfazwe.
• amalungu epalamente Ukukhusela, oogqirha, abaguquleli, amagqwetha, kunye nezinye iingcali ekufuneka phantsi isisongelo wentshabalalo.