Imithi yokuvundisa eyiyo kunye namatyholo entwasahlobo

Ukutyebisa imithi namatyholo entwasahlobo - yenye iinxalenye isivuno esihle kakhulu. Velisani kufuneka kusekelwe phezu yobudala ehlathini, umgangatho womhlaba kunye nokufumaneka yokunkcenkceshela. Iintsika ezintathu isichumiso ukuba imithi yeziqhamo kunye namatyholo wenze potassium, nitrogen kunye phosphorus.

iintlobo izichumisi

Ukutyebisa imithi namatyholo entlakohlaza ekuqaleni yenziwe mhlawumbi izimbiwa okanye izinto eziphilayo.

izichumisi Mineral zahlulwe zibe alula nanzima. Umahluko phakathi kwabo yindlela amacandelo amaninzi ezibandakanywe ukwakhiwa kwawo. Ukuba enye, ngoko Kuyinto elula isichumiso, kunye ababini - ezintsonkothileyo. Kwakhona, ukuba yahlulwe amaqela esekelwe nto ephambili ekwakhiweni - nitrogen, phosphate kunye umanyolo.

Isiseko wamatye umanyolo eziphilayo, nto eziphilayo - umgquba, umgquba, umgquba kunye esisemigqubeni eluhlaza.

Ukutyebisa kunye izichumisi nitrogen

Ukutyebisa imithi yeziqhamo kunye namatyholo kwentwasahlobo izichumisi yezimbiwa kufuna indlela balumke. Eyona nto iphambili kolu hlobo yesichumiso - elithile, kungenjalo uyakwazi ukwenzakalisa izityalo kuphela, kodwa umhlaba kunye nabantu.

Kuba nitrogen fertilizer ziquka:

• Ammonium sulphate. Le into acidifies umhlaba, kwaye kakuhle ezinyibilikayo kuyo, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba ekwindla. Ukuphucula iimpawu, oko kuyenzeka kwi-1 kg ammonium sulfate ukongeza 1.5 kg kwekalika.
• Iamoniyam nayitreyithi (ammonium nitrate) - compound nangoko. Action ammonium nitrate ekhawulezileyo nolusebenzayo kwimihlaba non-asidi. Izityalo imunce kakuhle kwaye abasabela ngayo. Ukuba umhlaba ngokwayo izimuncu, kungcono yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano ammonium nitrate yelimestone yomgubo umlinganiselo we-1: 1. It neutralizes asidi. Yenza olu hlobo isichumiso kunokuba zombini entwasahlobo nasekwindla, izinga 150-200 kg ngehektare nganye, ukuba icandelo engundoqo, kwaye 100-150 kg kwindawo enye ukuze avale phezulu.
• Enye imithi olusebenzayo yokuvundisa kunye namatyholo entwasahlobo - urea (carbamide). Le isichumiso yoxinaniso ephakamileyo ngempumelelo kakhulu ukwandisa isivuno. Singasebenza ngqo phantsi neengcambu zemithi kunye namatyholo iziqhamo ngalo mzuzu ka bezikhulule umhlaba ngokusebenzisa yokunkcenkceshela okanye ukuba ifomu mxube ukusebenzisa ulwelo.

Imfuneko engundoqo kuhlangatyezwane ngokusebenzisa initrojeni isichumiso - ukungqinelana imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa, idosi echanekileyo kunye nokhuseleko ngexesha ukugcinwa kunye isicelo umhlaba.

Ukutyebisa phosphorus ne potassium nezichumiso

izityalo phosphate kunye nezichumiso umanyolo uncedo kwimo engqongileyo zangaphandle, uzenze iqabaka kwaye womelele. Kwakhona kuchaphazela ubungakanani kunye nobulunga yesityalo.

izichumisi phosphorus kufuneka usetyenziswe nzulu emhlabeni kuba kakuhle sebenzi, kwaye wenze loo nto ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuyacetyiswa kumhlaba yokuqala ukumba. Eyona ethandwayo phosphorus additive - it superphosphate (kwi isiseko apho i-sulphur, gypsum) kunye nomgubo phosphoric, esetyenziswa kwimihlaba emuncu.

kwisidingo esikhulu ukwenzela amaziko superphosphate ixhamla ngenxa nokufunxwa yayo ngokukhawuleza neengcambu zemithi kunye namatyholo. Xa utyala imbewu ukwenza ukusuka 400 ukuya-600 g superphosphate lokutyala umngxuma ngamnye. Omdala Perennials izinga ibele 40-60 g ngamnye 1 m ² ukulujikeleza macala-esiqwini.

Ipropati izichumisi phosphate - yinto ukukhula kwezityalo fast kunye nophuhliso inkqubo ingcambu. Unako kwakhona uqaphele utshintsho esemgangathweni kwi ukungcamla berry kunye neziqhamo, kwaye isixa lokuvuna.

Umanyolo ngohlobo esulungekileyo kubhetele ukuba asebenzise, aze axutywe namanzi kunye nezinki, intsimbi okanye nitrogen. Uhlobo uthandwayo umanyolo - a sulfate potassium, ayinazo eziyingozi kwizityalo chlorine kesodiyam.

Ukutyebisa imithi namatyholo entwasahlobo izichumisi umanyolo kuqinisekisa isivuno esihle. Ukungabikho potassium emhlabeni ichaphazela ubungakanani iziqhamo incasa yawo. Yenza sulfate potassium banokuba naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaba ukondla kwindawo umthamo 20-25 g nganye-1 m ^2. Le nguqu egqibeleleyo ifunyanwa umxube isichumiso phosphate ne potassium.

ukutyebisa thombo

Ubungakanani kunye nobulunga izichumisi ixhomekeka kuphela malunga nokuqulunqwa kwenqaku umhlaba, kodwa kufuneka kungabotshwa zemithi yomyezo kunye namatyholo entwasahlobo, ngokukodwa phambi izityalo kokutyala.

Nezithombo ingakumbi phambi obalulekileyo phosphorus emhlabeni, njengokuba iye abachaphazelekayo lokukhula kwabo lithathelwe ngokukhawuleza. Khupha iqhosha phosphorus-potassium isichumiso kufuneka phambi kokuba izithole eza kulinywa.

Kungcono ukuyenza umaleko gangqa umngxuma, phantsi komthi okanye ityholwana. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba isichumiso ababekhe babekwa amanani amakhulu, kunye nokulindelekileyo iminyaka embalwa. Ukutyebisa imithi namatyholo entwasahlobo phosphorus ibalulekile kuphela imithi entsha, ekubeni ukukhula kwabo olukhawulezayo.

Eminye imithi isichumiso ongaphantsi kweminyaka emibini, awukwazi ukunika, kuphela xa umhlaba phambi uAkenzelwanga siphelisiwe ngokupheleleyo. Kungenjalo, kufuneka kuqala ube umgquba ngononophelo kwaye kwakhona, uze kuphela ukubeka egadini.

izinto ukutyebisa Organic

eziphilayo izinto zendalo kunye zendalo imithi kunye namatyholo. Baza baqala ukusebenzisa elide phambi kokuba kubekho ishishini imichiza. Bona sicebise nokuphucula umhlaba ngaphandle kokuzenzakalisa kuyo.

Ukutyebisa imithi namatyholo kunye njengomgquba entwasahlobo - inkqubo iqhelekileyo phakathi beelori. Olu hlobo kakhulu ifikeleleke kwaye ibiza ukondla kunye iseti epheleleyo amacandelo afunekayo ukuze izityalo - boron, manganese, ayibe, ubhedu kunye molybdenum. Best ngokuba ukutyebisa imithi namatyholo ithathwa ihashe umgquba kunye ubulongwe beentaka. Bazele izinto zokulanda umkhondo abaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni izityalo kunye isivuno eliphezulu. ingamanzi ukutyebisa iziqhamo amaninzi kusetyenziswa.

Ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isisombululo isiqulathi inxenye izele umgquba, incopho uzaliswe emanzini, emveni koko kufuneka mixed ngocoselelo. Kwinyanga kamva, umxube isiphumo ingasetyenziswa ngomlinganiselo kwamanzi 1 ilitha nganye 6-8 l. Ukuba umhlaba owomileyo, oko kufuneka kwenziwe isisombululo ulwelo ngakumbi. Kumhlaba omanzi ukwenza inxalenye yatyeba komanyolo.

Xa kuhlelwa ukutyebisa imithi yeziqhamo kunye namatyholo ngo-Apreli, ngoko, oko, abeke isisombululo ngoMatshi.

umgquba ukutyebisa

Nja- kunye nomgquba - iintlobo ze organic izichumiso enokusetyenziswa zombini ngokuzimeleyo ngohlobo isivundiso. Umgquba elenziwe umgquba, umgquba okanye inkunkuma ezahlukeneyo - ukutya okanye amagqabi ewileyo njengamagqabi. Oku zeentsalela zezityalo inegwele, leyo kunyaka walungisa ngokuzenzela. Ukuze wenze oku, khetha indawo ongavelisi sifunxe amanzi, uze udibanise zonke izithako ukuba ugalelwe kunye nomhlaba.

Njengoko ikhomposti kwentlaba zokukhula kufuneka moisturize ukubola ngamandla. Kucetyiswa ukuba agubungele abamnyama umboniso umgquba, nto leyo akavumeli ukufuma ukuze amanzi kwaye isenza ubushushu elangeni. Kuba inkunkuma kubola yemifuno engcono kunye umgquba ugalele kunokudala ikalika hydrated, kwaye yaba ukufikelela oksijini, ukusetyenziswa kweengqimba ngamasetyana neendiza, ukwenzela isivundisi 'ukuphefumla ".

Ukubunjwa yokugqibela linokusetyenziswa emva kweminyaka 1-2. Kuyinto isichumiso icocekile kwaye iluncedo, leyo ngokugqibeleleyo enze njengoko izityalo ngokwabo, yaye emhlabeni.

Ukutyebisa of imithi yeziqhamo ilitye

Kuba uphuhliso qualitative ukukhula imithi yeziqhamo ilitye kubaluleke kakhulu okunesondlo. Ukutyebisa imithi yeziqhamo kunye namatyholo ngoMatshi, kuba ngundoqo isivuno esihle, njengoko oku kunceda izityalo ukususa ngokukhawuleza kulala.

Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukunika isichumiso isivuno yokuqala, xa imithi kusekho njengekhephu. Njengoko kuya kumpompoza iwafumana kukunyibilikisa emhlabeni kwaye sikhule iingcambu. Ukuba umthi kernel usemtsha, ngoko ukuqala ukunxibisa ngcono kunyaka wesi-2 ka ekukhuleni kwayo. Kwanele ukusebenzisa urea-based 20 g / 1 m ^2. Yenza kufuneka ibe kuphela entwasahlobo. Ekwindla, ungadibanisa phosphorus-potassium isichumiso.

Xa imithi namatye - cherry, Plum, apricot kunye nabanye - zibandakanywa ngexesha fruiting, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukuya kwi-10 kg okanye umgquba okanye isichumiso, 20-25 g urea, 60 g okanye 30 g superphosphate elula kabini ne-200 g zomthi ash square metre nganye.

Ukutyebisa imithi pome

Kuba imithi pome isichumiso kakuhle ngo-Apreli baya nitrogen izinto ezivuselela ukukhula kumagqabi. Ukuba uvumela umthi isivuno buthathaka, kucetyiswa ukuba ukongeza urea xa umlinganiselo we-5 g / 1 m ² ukulujikeleza macala-esiqwini. Omdala ukutyebisa imithi ikhutshwa phandle phezu lonke kujikelezo isithsaba.

esisemgceni luncedo kakhulu kwi garden imboni imifuno yenkcubeko ezifana clover emhlophe, engcotyeni fescue kunye nabanye. Kufuneka ukuchetywa njengokuba beya bekhula kwaye ushiye imithi. Kulo mzekelo, awukwazi buchumisa igadi eziphilayo, kwaye dibanisa kuphela isichumiso.

Ukutyebisa ezihlabayo berry

Berry ukunika isivuno esihle, ilizwe kufuneka uzilungiselele kwangaphambili ndigalele umgquba. Umzekelo, ukuba currant omnyama kufuneka iindawo efumileyo, nangenxa rasberries, currants ezibomvu kunye gooseberries - kakuhle akhanyiswe iinxalenye efudumeleyo egadini.

Bookmark isichumiso umhlaba kufuneka zenziwe ngokugqithiseleyo. Umgquba, wamatye okanye umgquba ukwenza izinga 500 kg nganye 100 m ^2. Of izichumiso kwezimbiwa namaqunube phosphate efanelekileyo umanyolo.

Ukuba ngokubekwa imithi berry lwaqhutywa ngokuchanekileyo, esi sibini elandelayo eminyaka, unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka isichumiso umhlaba.