Imithetho: ukurhangqa indlela inani kwiindawo ezimbini wokugqibela

Kwimathematika ebizwa ukusebenza usondelisa, leyo lunciphisa inani loonobumba kuquka ngokusebenzisa nokutshintshwa zabo, kuthathelwe ingqalelo imithetho ethile. Ukuba unomdla wokwazi enoba njani ukurhangqa inani kwiindawo ezimbini lokugqibela, kufuneka kuqala ukujongana yonke imithetho ekhoyo ukuqoqa. Kukho iinketho ezininzi zendlela isangqa kumanani:

1. Statistical - isetyenziswa egcina abahlali esi sixeko. Ethetha kwinani labemi wanibizayo kuphela sentengo kwaye hayi nani ngqo.
2. Half - sondeza isiqingatha ngokuya inani elikufutshane.
3. Ukusondeza kwinani elincinci (sondelisa zero) - oku ke ukuqoqa elula apho kulahlwe lamasuntswana "extra".
4. Ukusondeza kwinani eliphezulu - Ukuba imiqondiso ofuna ukurhangqa, hayi zero, ngoko inani elirhangqiweyo. Loo ndlela isetyenziswa ababoneleli okanye ababoneleli beeselula.
5. A ukuqoqa non-zero - amanani isondezwa ngokungqinelana nemigaqo, kodwa xa umphumo kufuneka 0, ngoko usondelisa kwenziwa "ekuqaleni".
6. Le nokuxuba ngokusondeza - xa N + 1 ilingana-5, inani amathuba lirhangqwa kwi, icala omkhulu asezantsi.

Umzekelo, kufuneka ukurhangqa elo nani 21,837 ukuya hundredths. Emva ngokusondeza impendulo yakho echanekileyo kufuneka ibe 21,84. Chaza ukuba kutheni. Umfanekiso 8 idityanisiwe ekubhobhozeni yeshumi, ke ngoko, kuyo obhobhozayo hundredths 3, 7 - ikhulu. 7 ngaphezulu kwe-5, ngoko ukunyusa i-3-ku-1, oko kukuthi, ukuya ku-4. Kulula ukuba uyayazi imithetho embalwa:

1. Le yokugqibela sigcine mzobo liphuma ukuya kwenye in apho uphose lokuqala ngokuthi phambi kwayo - ngaphezu 5. Ukuba nani-5, yaye emva kwayo kusekho ezinye amanani, i oludlulileyo nayo inyuke nge-1.

Ngokomzekelo, kufuneka sibe ukuba onke ukuya kweleshumi: 54.69 = 54.7, okanye 7.357 = 7.4.

Ukuba wabuza umbuzo malunga nendlela ukurhangqa inani kwiindawo ezimbini wokugqibela, yenzani kwaezo zinto kubo le meko ichazwe ngasentla.

2. Le yokugqibela ugcina mzobo kuhlala ingatshintshanga ukuba ngolokuqala maka, leyo umi phambi kwalo lingaphantsi kwe-5.

Umzekelo: 96.71 = 96.7.

3. lokugqibela amanani egcinwe kuhlala injalo, ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni ikho, yaye ukuba maka yokuqala - inombolo-5, yaye emva kwayo akukho nto akusekho manani. Ukuba loovimba bana - lingumnqakathi, uyandiswa nge-1.

Imizekelo: 84,45 = 63,75 = 84,4 okanye 63.8.

Qaphela. Kwizikolo ezininzi, abafundi banike ngendlela elula imithetho ukuqoqa, ngoko umele ugcine oku engqondweni. Bonke manani kuhlala injalo, ukuba uye emva amanani ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-4 kwaye linyuke nge-1, ukuba xa kukho inani ukusuka ku-5 ukuya 9. Kakuhle ukusombulula iingxaki sondeza ngokuvumelana imithetho engqongqo, kodwa ukuba isikolo inxeba up uguqulelo kolunye ulwimi olulula, i ukuthintela ukungaqondani kufuneka unamathele kuso. Siyathemba ke ukuba niya kuzazi ukurhangqa indlela inani kwiindawo ezimbini wokugqibela.

Ukusondeza ngaphandle ubomi njengoko kuyimfuneko ukuze kube lula ukusebenza ngamanani kunye isikhokelo ngokuchanekileyo. Ngelo xesha lakalokunje kwakukho inkcazelo enjalo, njengoko i-anti-ukuqoqa. Ngokomzekelo, xa ukubalwa kweevoti nawuphi amanani uphando ngeenxa zonke zithathwa ifomu embi. Iivenkile nazo usebenzise anti-ukuqoqa ukudala umbono abathengi amaxabiso entle kakhulu (umzekelo, bhala 199 endaweni ka-200). Siyathemba ukuba umbuzo ukuba ngeenxa indlela amanani ukuya hundredths okanye iikhilogram, ngoku uyakwazi ukuphendula wena.