Imfundiso lizwe

Ithiyori le-Elite ngendlela lwamandulo bobabo amanani ezifana Pareto, oreja, Michels. Bayibeka isiseko kuphuhliso ezilandelayo kwengqiqo. Imfundiso yanamhlanje lizwe zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo kukho iqela iindawo.

Iqela lokuqala luquka ingcamango esikolweni Machiavellian abakhethekileyo. ngcamango oku zihlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ebakumgangatho naluphi na uluntu ithathelwa ingqalelo. ukwahlulwa wayo uninzi eyimpumelelo kulawula liqaqobana (onelungelo) yinkqubo yendalo, ziziphumo uphuhliso yendalo yomntu kunye noluntu.
2. Elite uneempawu ezikhethekileyo kwengqondo. Imfundo kunye netalente zendalo, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukumisela ubume kuyo.
3. Kukho ubumbano iqela. Xa oku Umbutho ikhutshwa phandle kuphela, ngokungqinelana ne indawo ekuhlaleni okanye ubume zobungcali, kodwa ke ubukho lokuqonda elite, imbono umaleko othile, ogama mission - control umphakathi.
4. Elite ilungelo yayo kubunkokeli ngengqiqo kwezopolitiko, okukwiqondo omnye okanye omnye ubunzima ezaziwayo.
5. uluntu ebakumgangatho luphawulwa njalo noshowo, nangona utshintsho ekwakhiweni lobuqu. Ngamanye amazwi, sigcine kuhlala ubudlelwane azitshintshanga zolawulo.
6. Izigwili iguquka kwaye kwasekwa ekuhambeni nomzabalazo ngamandla. isikhundla esiphezulu kuluntu bakulungele ukuthatha kakhulu, uneempawu ezibalaseleyo kwezoqoqosho nangokwasengqondweni zabantu. Noko ke, akukho namnye ufuna ukuyeka ngokuzithandela izikhundla zawo okanye ngeposi.

theory Kubaluleke ngokucalula nokwahlula uluntu ilungelo elite ukuba amandla eyakhayo ezisisiseko zentlalo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuma amarhamente kolu luvo lithambile kakhulu ngokunxulumene kwidemokhrasi. Ngokubanzi, ukuba sisetyenziswe le mfundiso badla kwizidingo (abangezotitshala) ukuya taare lwesininzi mihla. Phakathi mpawu ziphambili kolu luvo, kufanele kuphawulwe:

1. Elite yeyona nto zexabiso zentlalo sanikwa ukusebenza eliphezulu kunye nobuchule kwi kakhulu yimfuneko amashishini karhulumente.
2. Nelungelo, ukuma lubalaseleyo amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu ngokomdla woluntu luphela, kuba nemveliso kakhulu kwaye inyathelo sabantu, inkululeko kunye nenjongo ephakamileyo yokuziphatha.
3. Formation of elite uluntu nje kuphela ngenxa nomzabalazo ngamandla, kodwa ngenxa ukhetho endalo zixabisekileyo kuluntu.
4. Ilungelo ngezikhundla lulandelayo ngokwendalo ukusuka ukulingana ithuba, ngaphandle iphikisane ingqiqo mihla lwentando yesininzi. Kulo mzekelo, ukulingana kwezentlalo iqondwa nokulingana kwamathuba ezikhoyo, hayi ubume okanye iziphumo. Kwimeko ukungalingani sokuqala ngamandla, ngobukrelekrele, imisebenzi idemokhrasi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba malunga nemiqathango efanayo yokuqala. Noko ke, ekugqibeleni baya kuza neziphumo abohlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukileyo.

theory izigwili Okulandelayo utyhila ingqikelelo "elitism lwentando yesininzi." Le mbono ukuqonda yedemokhrasi njengoko ibonwa enokhuphiswano iinkokeli amathuba seevoti kunye nokuzithemba lwabavoti. Steering layer uthathwa nje iqela une iimpawu zolawulo ezibalulekileyo, kodwa nje nomkhuseli ye demokrasi.

Ingqiqo ubuninzi elite ekhanyelayo lo maleko ngohlobo liqela elinye. amaqela ilungelo, ngokwale mfundiso, ezininzi oluthintelweyo kummandla ngamnye msebenzi.

Uchasaniso yale mbono ingcamango ekhohlo-melo. Inqanaba eliphezulu lequmrhu, ngokutsho abalandeli bayo, eyayikuyo iqela elilawulayo, engaquki ukuba abanye abemi nolawulo loluntu.

Ithiyori kwe izigwili kwezopolitiko sichaza uluntu liqaqobana ilungelo self-ezaneleyo, uye iimpawu eziphakamileyo zezopolitiko, ezentlalo kunye nasengqondweni, ngubani onokudlala indima kuwo ngqo ekwenzeni nasekuphumezeni izigqibo eziquka ukusetyenziswa kwamagunya okanye nempembelelo phezu kwakhe.