Imeko zokufundisa kunye nomzekelo isigqibo sabo. Iindlela ukusombulula iimeko ezinzima zokufundisa

Cinga nje ngomzekelo iimeko zokufundisa kunye ukucombulula iingxaki zabo. Mhlawumbi le mibuzo ayikwazi ukunceda, kodwa Ungakhathazeki malunga phantse nabani. Kutheni? Eyona nto kukuba ngamnye kuthi nokuba ngumzali okanye umhlobo omdala, okanye isalamane umntu kaThixo, yaye ke ngoko, amaxesha ngamaxesha kufuneka sijongane nabantwana okanye sivumelane elivisayo, izono ezinzulu okanye imilo enogonyamelo.

Ngokutsho abasebenzi abanamava, nokuba iimeko ezinzima zokufundisa (kunye nomzekelo isisombululo sabo zizakuboniswa ngezantsi, ngendlela) ezingaqukwanga kwi imihlaba umsebenzi wakho owuqeqeshelweyo, ukumelana nazo sisenako. Ukuze wenze oku, animele uyazi kuphela imithetho esisiseko kunye nemimiselo.

Eli nqaku liza kuthetha ukufumana indlela ulwimi kunye abaselula. Malunga isigqibo iimeko zokufundisa esikolweni, njengoko, eneneni, kwaye ekhaya, kuya kuxoxwa ukusuka kwindawo umbono zenzululwazi.

Icandelo 1. Yintoni imeko ukufundisa?

Nokufika indlela lobume kwimfundo yabantwana baye ngakumbi weva amagama afana "imeko yemfundo" yaye "umsebenzi zokufundisa." Kuthetha ukuthini la magama? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba siqwalasele babe yinxalenye into efana ingxaki uqeqesho?

Okokuqala, makhe sizame ukuchaza.

ukufundisa ke imeko - kaninzi iimeko zobomi, izibakala kunye namabali ezithe zavela kule khosi umsebenzi ngobuchule utitshala okanye umkhapheli kwaye zavelisa umsebenzi othile kunye neemeko yezengqondo-zokufundisa efuna imvume ngakumbi.

Ezinye iimeko zokufundisa yexesha elizeleyo nazo kaninzi ivumela ootitshala, ootitshala okanye abazali ukuba ukuhlalutya ngokukhawuleza izenzo abafundi (kumakhaya), ukuze ubone ukuba le ngxaki yaye ngokuqinisekileyo ukusombulula kubo.

Custom (non-standard) iimeko zokufundisa (kunye nomzekelo isisombululo sabo, ngenxa yoko) zintsonkothile kwaye ngoko ke kufuna ixesha elide ukususa, nangona maxa wambi inokuba kakhulu zimpi.

Indima iimeko ezinjalo isifundo kunye novavanyo inkqubo yemfundo ibe yeyabahlali. Kutheni? Impendulo icebisa ngokwayo. Kungenxa iingxaki ezinjalo ungabona amandla ezikhoyo kunye nobuthathaka yonke imisebenzi.

Icandelo 2. Isigqibo iimeko yezengqondo-zokufundisa. Yintoni na isizathu?

Isizathu esiyintloko sokuba le meko na isiganeko apho kuye kwavela ngenxa yayo nayiphi na imibandela yingxaki esikolweni. Ezo ngquzulwano zikholisa ukuvela apho:

• ukunganeliseki ochazwa ukuphazamiseka okanye isimo sengqondo asenokumqumbela umntu okanye into;
• iiyantlukwano ngenxa yokunqongophala consistency Ukufana uluvo okanye izimvo;
• eliphikisayo ngohlobo ubutshaba okanye ukuxhathisa izenzo nabani nantoni na;
• counter - isenzo, kuthintela ukubonakala nezinye izenzo;
• umsantsa evela ekugxojweni ubudlelwane phakathi umntu okanye into ethile.

Icandelo 3. Okwenziwayo xa sibona ukungavisisani. Umzekelo izisombululo isimo zokufundisa

Nawuphi na umcimbi eziphikisanayo kufuna ugunyaziso, kwaye umsebenzi utitshala ukuba sifeze inyathelo ngenyathelo iinkcukacha zonke izenzo zabo.

iziganeko ezinjalo kwenzeka ngabom okanye ngempazamo. Kodwa ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isizathu, kufuneka isonjululwe uhlaziywe kwaye ngenyameko, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imidla yawo onke amaqela ukuba impi. Ukuze wenze oku, kwaye iindlela ezizodwa zokusombulula iimeko ezinzima zokufundisa.

Xa efumanise into eyimfuneko nenkcazelo iingxaki ezithile emfundo ukuba ukujonga uhlobo umxholo wayo. Uhlahlelo kunye nokuhlolwa imeko kunceda ukuchonga uhlobo kwembambano kunye ukuqulunqa imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Ukungqinelana iinkcukacha ezifunyenwe zihlalutywe yingcali ungakhetha ngeendlela zokufundisa.

Ukukhethwa izisombululo kuxhomekeke kakhulu amava nobungcali katitshala, ngokunjalo noqeqesho yakhe theoretical ngakumbi kwaye aluncedo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba zokusonjululwa impi uyakwazi ukuqhuba kakuhle utitshala Ukucingisisisa okwenziweyo ukujonga nokuvavanya izenzo zabo izigqibo.

Ootitshala yamava obungcali nobungcali, ingakumbi akukho mfuneko inyathelo ngenyathelo iinkcukacha ngezenzo zabo. Kodwa ke ootitshala abatsha, le ndlela ingaluncedo kumsebenzi nabantwana xa ufuna isigqibo ekhawulezileyo ngokucacileyo iimeko zokufundisa epriskuli, umzekelo, okanye kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.

4. Unit okuzingela isimo

Ebudeni imini yesikolo utitshala rhoqo lisebenzisana kunye nabafundi kwaye ujongene nobunzima ezahlukeneyo. nimkile iingcali ezinamava neendlela zokusombulula iimeko ezinzima zokufundisa ekuhambeni kweminyaka, eqala nje ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ube nzima kakhulu.

Kutheni le nto? Eyona nto kukuba nabafundi yonke imihla kunzima ukuba bathobele imigaqo yokuziphatha yaye athobele iimfuno zootitshala, kwangokunjalo kubekho ukuhlukunyezwa indlela esikolweni, iingxwabangxwaba, izikhalazo njalo njalo. D.

Isenzo sokuqala - ukufumana ebaleni. Umzekelo, utitshala wabona umfundi amabakala nezakhiwo wabonakalisa imela wakunyelisa kwizinyuko. Enoba omnye abafundi umlo kunye endifunda ngexesha lekhefu okanye wasilela ukuthobela neemfanelo zalo, kwakunye utitshala ubuyazi loo nto.

Icandelo isimo 5. Umzekelo

Lo msitho kuhle ukuchaza ngokweenkcukacha kunye isihloko, nto leyo kuza kunceda ufumane kakuhle eli ungquzulwano. Ukufunwa inyaniso incoko ebalulekileyo kunye mpikiswano.

Apha siwugqibile imeko yokufundisa. eneneni Imizekelo kunokukhokelela ngokungenammiselo, sihlalutya kwakhona, umzekelo, le meko kunye ukonakala nonyeliso inconco, leyo kubizwa ngolu hlobo: "! Akunakwenzeka"

Utitshala ehamba phantsi ezitepsini, wayibona njengomfundi kunye ngesitshetshe sombhali ezama ukusika nonyeliso ikheshi. Ukubona utitshala, lo mfana wabaleka, Ilibale nkqu ibhatyi kwi sayithi. Konke okwenzekileyo utitshala waxelela unina womntwana, ngubani na ukuba unyana wakhe angenza ezinjalo. Wayeqinisekile ukuba unyana wakhe akazange agxeke, kwaye nabanye abafana, kuba bahlala eflethini ngokomyalelo kunye ezintle indawo egqibeleleyo, yonke intsapho ngocoselelo nangokuchanekileyo zinxulumene izinto kunye nempahla.

Ngomhla umbuzo unyana sikanina yavuma ukuba wayefuna nje ukuzama imela yakhe. Khawuthelekelele indlela kunye Ukujala inkwenkwe, xa utitshala embuza ukuba ukusika kwi edesikeni okanye esitulweni ekhaya. Wayeqinisekile kanye ukuba oku kwenziwe, kuba le theyibhile wayithenga uyise.

Emva ukubuyiselwa imifanekiso yale meko, ungaya uhlalutyo yayo.

Icandelo 6. iimeko eziphambili zokufundisa kwi eziguqulweyo kunye nezikolo

isisombululo Turnkey iimeko zokufundisa ngeempendulo yonke imibuzo ukufumana phantse nzima. Ngapha koko, nkqu kwiqela lobudala ngalinye luphawulwa amatyala ayo esezantsi.

Kubantwana abakwiminyaka isikolo samabanga aphantsi, umzekelo, ebonakala ngu ezi meko zilandelayo:

• Yabednichestvo, aqatha kunye nezikhalazo. Abantwana bayazi ukuba oontanga sibajonga kakubi ukuba yabednichestvu nokulahla. Noko ke, abafundi basoloko akhalaza malunga ootitshala: "Wathabatha kum ..."; "Kwaye ukuba ahambe ..."; "Kwaye Undityhale", njalo njalo. D.
• Yilwa, nengxabano. Izinto ezibangela ukuziphatha nodlame komntwana ngokunxulumene nenye iseti ubuso; ngenxa yokungafani izimvo neembono; ngenxa umnqweno ukuziphindezelela, ukuma okanye avume, njalo njalo. d. Oku kuziphatha kuyaqala ukuze akhule ngamandla nangoku kule minyaka ngexesha esikolweni. Kamva, lowo ke kwiingxaki ezimandundu kakhulu ngokwasengqondweni-zokufundisa.
• Eneji. Ubudlelwane phakathi koonyana ngokwabo kumgaqo "Ndinixelele, wena nam," abantwana abaninzi shoka. Kodwa ukutshintshiselana ngaphandle imithetho ukuze bandiqumbise ingxabano nokukhuthaza uphuhliso ngamabhongo, ukubawa nengqumbo, ezikhokelela kwiimeko zongquzulwano.
• Ixhala. Iiklasi Abantwana abancinane kuxhomekeke ingqiqo uloyiko. Yokuba besoyika abazali, ootitshala, abasemzini, izilwanyana, njl
• Bane izinto. Abantwana abaninzi nokweya izinto zabantu kunye namanye, zibuphange.
• Amagama kunye iziteketiso. Kwizikolo, abantwana nakunxibelelwano nabanye ubiza omnye kaninzi ngaphezu kungekhona amagama abo kodwa amagama, yaye ngokufuthi injongo hlazo.

Esi sicwangciso zokufundisa meko (kunye umzekelo solution yabo ayikho jikelele) angathumela ngonaphakade.

Icandelo 7. Indlela ekuhlalutyeni ungquzulwano ngokuchanekileyo

Ukuze ngokufanelekileyo hlalutya mzekelo ungentla imeko zokufundisa malunga umonakalo kwipropathi yesikolo, kufuneka ufumane iimpendulo zale mibuzo ilandelayo:

• Ngubani na lo inxaxheba ephambili kule siganeko kunye incoko yababini?
• Yintoni unobangela ngxabano?
• Yayiyintoni injongo yale senzo?

Isiganeko iphambili iqela umfundi. Xa izinto zakhe ubhekisela ngenyameko, kodwa ngomoya ungcolisa impahla yesikolo. Xa intliziyo yalo impi ukungavumelani. Le nkwenkwe uqinisekile ukuba isenzo sakhe ayikho ngokuchasene nemigangatho eyamkelekileyo yokuziphatha. Nangona kucacile ukuba imfuneko yokukhusela kuphela izinto zabo kodwa uluntu. izenzo zakhe yena waphula ngabom, kuba abaqondi eyaphula imigaqo yokuziphatha.

ingxaki zokufundisa, njengoko bathi, izicacele. Kuyabonakala ukuba, uyise wamnika unyana wakhe abe ngesitshetshe sombhali, hayi wachaza injongo ephambili yale mbandela.

Icandelo 8. Yiyiphi imisebenzi kufuneka kwenziwa kwindawo yokuqala

Uhlalutyo isiganeko kunceda ukuqulunqa ngokuchanekileyo ingxaki, phakathi leyo kufuneka iqaqambise ebonakalayo. Emva kokuba izigqibo ukubaluleka ziqhube isigqibo sabo kunye nokusonjululwa. Kumzekelo wethu, kukho le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• kunceda umntwana abone impazamo yakhe kwixesha elizayo, akazange enze izinto ezinjalo;
• ukubonisa ukuqonda yabazali bekhulisa ukuba kufuneka ingqalelo kwiimpawu zemibutho ulondolozo kunye nokuchaneka: umntwana kufuneka ziphathwe ngokonga, kungekuphela nje izinto zabo, kodwa kwabanye;
• ubambe ingxoxo kunye nabantwana eklasini, apho wayefunda inkwenkwe, kwaye musa ngoyaba iimeko apho abafundi konakalisa izinto.

Isigaba 9 Iindlela zokusombulula iingxaki zokufundisa

Eli nqanaba linzima emva kokufunyanwa meko - yinto workarounds ukhetho.

Singatsho ngokuzithemba ukuba utitshala mihla unikwa nzima kakhulu. Kambe ke, amava xa sijamelene neemeko abasebenzi apho, kodwa nangoku ayikaqondwa. Kungenxa ukusonjululwa iimeko zemfundo utitshala lisebenzisana kunye nabafundi, apho wadibana ngqo kunye nomntwana malunga ngezenzo zakhe ezithile kunye nezenzo.

Ukuba babuyele umzekelo yethu imeko, siyabona ukuba abazali xa bekhulisa umntwana, iimpazamo kwenziwa okwabangela ukuhlukunyezwa nesithethe ngokubanzi yokuziphatha. Abazali bokuqala impazamo - akacudiswanga bafundisa unyana ukuba anyamekele izinto iindwendwe. Le mpazamo yesibini - ubawo, wamnika imela, akazange achaze injongo yawo. Kulo mzekelo, utitshala abazali ukuba baxoxe le meko kunye nonyana wabo, ukuba amncede aqonde ukuphosakala ityala lakhe, uthethe kokutyunjwa ngesitshetshe sombhali kwixesha elizayo, kunye noyise wakhe alungise banister.

Further umsebenzi wokufundisa kuxhomekeke kakhulu ukusebenza izicelo kuvumeleke umsebenzi zokufundisa.

Unit 10. Imizekelo izisombululo

Ngoko ke, njengoko bathi, kukho imeko yokufundisa a. Imizekelo izisombululo enjengale kwaye ezifanayo iimeko, kuxoxwa ngezantsi. Ziintoni izinto awohluke ze psyche kunye nokuziphatha abantwana, ingakumbi elivisayo?

• Abantwana Adolescence luphawulwa impixano, wavakalisa njengoko umngeni kuluntu, inkani. Kubo, lo mbono oontanga kubaluleke kakhulu yaye abadala ngaphezu uluvo. Eyona ndlela ngaphandle kwezi meko - zama ukuqonda kwabo, kwaye isizathu sokuba ukuziphatha okunjalo ukuba ithathele ingqalelo izimvo zabo, ukunika inkululeko elawulwa ngakumbi, intsebenziswano.
• Ngokubonakala ixhala, chaza ezingazinzanga ngokweemvakalelo, uloyiko, ukuba neentloni okanye ukungabinako ukuthetha kunye noontanga babo. Yintoni ukwenza ntoni? Zama ukuthelekisa nabanye, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu qha yomzimba, ukukhuthaza ukuzithemba, ngaphantsi amazwi malunga nomntwana (kuphela kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo), ube ngumzekelo kuyo yonke into. Kwakhona kule meko ke kungcono ukuba nyanzela okwishumi elivisayo ukuba nenxaxheba kulo naluphi ukhuphiswano kunye nemisebenzi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo isantya.
• Ubusela, ubusela izinto zabanye abantu. Ekuboneni izenzo ezinjalo utitshala kufuneka uthethe nomntwana wakho okwishumi elivisayo, zama simkholise ngemfuneko ukubuyela umnini izinto uxolo. Ukuxhasa oku, unako ukuhamba naye, kodwa kuphela nje neqabane cwaka. Ukuba iklasi uyazi ngento eyenzekileyo, kufuneka baxubushe nabantwana babo isenzo esibi. Kufuneka siphulaphule izimvo zomntu wonke, yaye kunye wenze isigqibo. Abantwana kufuneka baqonde ukuba izenzo ezinjalo mthethweni.
• Amanga, inkohliso. Xa efumanise inkohliso yokuba kuxoxwe nomntwana aze achaze imeko ngakumbi emibi kuye abanye. Eyona nto waqonda ukuba ubuxoki bukhokelela nelahleko yokuqiniseka kubantu ngeenxa zonke.
• Lilolo, zilahliwe, ukuba sengozini eyomeleleyo, umsindo nobushushu ukucaphuka. Ngoncedo-ndlebe ngamnye ukunceda umntwana wakho ukusombulula ezo ngxaki ngokweemvakalelo nangokwasengqondweni, chaza indlela agudileyo zabo baze boyise. Iqela zama ukuba badumise elivisayo nokugxininisa iimpawu zayo ezintle.
• Le phambili negative. Ekubeni loo mntwana kubhetele ukuba ukuphikisa, musa aphazamise, musa ukwenza izimvo phambi kwabanye. Kufuneka sizame ukufumana ukuqhagamshelana naye kunye nabahlobo, ndithi kuni njani ukuba ube yinkokeli lokwenyaniso onegunya.
• Kubonakaliswa yesikolo "abanye" - into zentlalo, ngendlela isimo sengqondo ndlongondlongo kunye intshutshiso ngabom, inkohlakalo, ukuxhatshazwa kunye nehlazo nabanye abantwana phambi koontanga babo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba utitshala wabona isenzeko akayi kufuneka bajolise ingqalelo oku yaye angenise kwakhona yoluntu. Oku uyakwazi ukunyenyisa kuvukela nangaphezulu ngamandla nxamnye ixhoba lakhe, nto leyo, ekuhambeni kwexesha iza kubangela ixhoba ukuba uzive ngakumbi ukungazithembi kunye nehlazo. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kuphuhliso wokuyila, utshintsho engqondweni nokucinga okunobuchule. Isiseko kwemfundo kufuneka sibandakanye uphuhliso uvelwano - karhulumente ngokweemvakalelo novelwano lomnye umntu.