Ikhondo analysis ishishini umxholo wayo kunye neenjongo

Noko ke, ingakumbi kweli khulu lokugqibela leminyaka kwilizwe lethu, oku uhlahlelo kwezoqoqosho lweshishini kamnandi ebantwini. Oku negalelo kakhulu kwiinkqubo kuqoqosho, xa uphuhliso lwamashishini kwabangelwa ayilo rhwebo simahla yaye kulawulwa iinkqubo kuqoqosho umyalelo. Ngoko ke, ingxelo kakhulu yajika yaba uhlobo element ulawulo lweshishini.

Noko ke, ekuweni urhulumente waseSoviet kuye kwakhokelela abezoqoqosho abaninzi ukujonga ngokutsha imodeli kwezoqoqosho lonke eli lizwe kunye lweshishini elilodwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto 90 lwekhulu lokugqibela, le mali umsebenzi yezoqoqosho lweshishini, ingakumbi, processing of iziphumo abonakala njengomnye izixhobo ukuphucula kunye nokwenza lweenkqubo zemveliso kunye nolawulo sphere. Kwaye kule minyaka, baqale ukwakha le ndlela yokuqala, injongo yazo kukuba zokuceba yaye lweenkcukacha, nto leyo eyenza ukuba uhlahlelo imisebenzi kuqoqosho lweshishini. Kulo mzekelo, indawo yokuqala wabeka phambili accounting (balance), njengoko esekelwe kuyo enokwenziwa nendlela zokubuyekezwa ngcono kuburhulumente kwimveliso kunye nolawulo.

Entshonalanga, xa sikhokelwa gama ezifana "Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho" efanayo xesha, kodwa intsingiselo kwekota kunye nezenzo eyiyo ngo kwingqeqesho zahluke kakhulu enye kwenye. Enyanisweni, imodeli Western, ingqikelelo ebandakanya uhlalutyo ngamashishini bathembela kakhulu "ingcamango kwezoqoqosho", nto leyo kakhulu le njongo ichazwe kwimibhalo ababhali ezifana Schumpeter, Samuelson.

Kodwa inzululwazi okuhlalutya zasekhaya lichaza ingqikelelo "Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho" (uhlalutyo lomsebenzi kuqoqosho lweshishini) kunye umda sincinane entshona. Isiseko kolu hlolisiso wena wenze okuninzi ngemisebenzi AD Sheremet, WO Barngolts, MI Bakanova, S.K.Tatura. Xa intliziyo uhlalutyo yesizwe ezingenamsebenzi nangakumbi ukusetyenziswa iindlela nobuchule izibalo kuhlalutyo kwinqanaba ishishini kunye kwi ekuthiwa-nkqubo kuqoqosho. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku hlobo lokuvandlakanya lineqela umahluko ukusuka neendlela eziqhelekileyo kunye neefom ehlabathini. Okokuqala, lo uhlalutyo isekelwe nezakhono ezithkunyeabuzekayo kunye nokucingela asebenza kuqoqosho kundlunkulu ezicwangcisiweyo, kwaye kuquka ukugcwaliswa iqhezu encinane iindlela olukhululekileyo lenene rhwebo. Luqhutywa kwi nomba woku.

Xa uhlalutyo domestic kwezalathisi yemisebenzi yoqoqosho lweshishini bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini: iziphumo ekujoliswe kuyo kunye nezalathisi yokusebenza, kwakunye izibonisi into deterministic.

Le ndlela kuhlahlelo kuquka ukuqikelela ukuba umsebenzi okungaka zemali, uthelekelelo kangakanani ukuvelisa uhlobo ezahlukeneyo (kunye ngokombono-mali okanye umphathi zemali) iinkalo imisetyenzana kwishishini.

Ukuze eyayiza uqeqesho uhlalutyo zoshishino ubunzima nzululwazi yona ulinike igama ngokuphindaphindiweyo phantsi into efana "Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho". Nakule karhulumente wethu sisananelo loo lwenziwa kabini. wabuyela kwi-70 lwekhulu lokugqibela okokuqala, yaye okwesibini sele 90. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba okokuqala vandlakanyo lutsha onjalo kwenzeka ngendlela esesikweni kuphela, nje kwinqanaba igama. Ixesha sesibini kuhlolwe yaye abachukumise iziziba ingqeqesho. Oku kubangelwa ubukhulu becala ezi nkqubo uthatha indawo kuqoqosho ixesha eyabonelela yokuhlengahlengiswa imodeli kwezoqoqosho kunye elilawulwayo kuqoqosho emarikeni. Ngoko ke, ezinye iingqiqo zilunge ngokukodwa kuqoqosho emarikeni, inxaxheba yaphunyezwa model lethu kwezoqoqosho.